Karpathen Oil AG
The Karpathen Öl AG was a German oil company in the time of the Second World War in Galicia , which belonged to the German-occupied General Government.
The stock corporation was founded on August 28, 1942 with its headquarters in Lemberg with a share capital of 15 million Reichsmarks. It emerged from the Beskydy Petroleum Extraction Company founded on October 20, 1939 and the Beskydean Petroleum Processing Company in Berlin . The shareholders were DEA (10%), Deutsche Gasolin AG (5%), the Elwerath union (10%), Kohlen Oel Union von Busse KG (5%), Continentale Oel AG (50%), and Prussian mine - and Hütten-AG (10%) as well as Wintershall AG (10%). The chairman of the board was Director Karl Große from DEA.
During the German occupation in Galicia from 1939 to 1944, crude oil production varied between 274,174 t (1944) and 475,320 t (1940).
From September 1942 the SS began to remove Jewish slave laborers employed in the oil industry from the factories. Their deportation could only be counteracted by classifying them as "important to the war effort" . The Jewish workers then received a badge with the letter "R" ("Armaments Jew"). One of the German employees who actively and successfully campaigned for the rescue of Jews was the head of the works inspection Boryslaw and later General Manager Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbachs , Berthold Beitz . At the end of 1943 the company had almost 33,000 employees , more than half of them Poles , more than 40 percent Ukrainians , around eight percent Jews and less than two percent Germans. Apart from the Jewish employees, it is difficult to estimate the proportion of forced laborers.
From August 1944, the Karpathen Öl AG began an orderly withdrawal from Galicia, after the head office in Lemberg had already been vacated at the end of March. Over 1,664 railway wagons with equipment and operating materials and 272 wagons with mineral oil products were transported west, mainly to Oderberg , Herzog-Julius-Hütte and Garßen (now part of Celle ). The company's headquarters moved to Celle.
literature
- Rainer Karlsch , Raymond G. Stokes: Factor Oil. The mineral oil industry in Germany 1859–1974. CH Beck, Munich 2003, ISBN 3-406-50276-8 .
- Rainer Karlsch: A forgotten large company. The history of Karpaten Öl AG . In: Yearbook for Economic History 1 (2004), De Gruyter Oldenbourg , Berlin, Munich, pp. 96-138, ISSN 0075-2800.
Web links
- Dietrich Eichholtz : War for oil: an oil empire as a German war target (1938-1943) . Leipziger Univ.-Verl., Leipzig 2006, ISBN 978-3-86583-119-4 , online at www.books.google.de
Individual evidence
- ^ Rainer Karlsch : A forgotten large company. The history of Karpaten Öl AG . In: Jahrbuch für Wirtschaftsgeschichte 1 (2004), De Gruyter Oldenbourg , Berlin, Munich, pp. 103, 108. ISSN 0075-2800
- ^ Rainer Karlsch: A forgotten large company . P. 107
- ^ Rainer Karlsch: A forgotten large company . Pp. 111, 131