Katherine Freese

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Katherine Freese

Katherine Freese (born February 8, 1957 in Freiburg im Breisgau ) is a German-American astrophysicist.

Freese studied physics at Princeton University with a bachelor's degree in 1977 and Columbia University with a master's degree in 1981. She received her doctorate in 1984 from the University of Chicago with David Schramm . As a post-doctoral student , she was at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics , the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, and the University of California, Berkeley . In 1987 she became Assistant Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and in 1998 Professor at the University of Michigan , where she has been since 1991. There she isGeorge E. Uhlenbeck Professor . From 2007 to 2014 she was Associate Director of the Michigan Center for Theoretical Physics. From 2014 to 2016 she was director of Nordita and she was also visiting professor at Stockholm University.

Freese deals with theoretical cosmology (inflation), astroparticle physics, dark matter and the early universe.

It helped to exclude large massive objects ( MACHO ) such as white dwarfs or weakly shining stars as candidates for dark matter (according to Freese, white dwarfs can make up a maximum of 20 percent of the dark matter in galaxies) and through detailed calculations it proposed experiments to detect supersymmetric ones dark matter (so-called WIMPs ). Among other things, she proposed direct evidence of annual variations (movement of the earth) in cryogenic detectors and indirect observation of annihilation of WIMPs in the earth. She also studied the effects of dark matter in the Sagittarius Current on experiments. She suggested annihilation of dark matter as an energy source of the first stars ( Dark Star , dark stars ) ago.

She also gave upper limits for the frequency of magnetic monopoles in the universe, proposed models for inflation (Natural Inflation 1990, Chain Inflation) and proposed an alternative explanation of dark energy (modification of Friedmann's equation, which she called Cardassian Expansion ).

She has been married since 1987 with one child and is a US citizen. In 1989 she became a Sloan Research Fellow , in 1990 she received a Presidential Young Investigator Award and in 2012 she became a Simons Foundation Fellow. She is a Fellow of the American Physical Society (2012), which awarded her the Julius Edgar Lilienfeld Prize for 2019 , and an honorary doctorate from Stockholm University (2012). In 1999 she was visiting professor at the Max Planck Institute for Physics in Munich, 2002 at Columbia University, 2007 Visiting Miller Professor in Berkeley, 2008 at the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics and 2012 at Caltech and CERN. Freese was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2020 .

Fonts (selection)

In addition to the works cited in the footnotes:

  • with AK Drukier, David Spergel : Detecting cold dark-matter candidates, Phys. Rev. D, Volume 33, 1986, p. 3495
  • with FC Adams, JA Frieman, E. Mottola: Cosmology with decaying vacuum energy, Nuclear Physics B, Volume 287, 1987, pp. 797-814
  • The Cosmic Cocktail: Three Parts Dark Matter, Science Essentials 2014
  • Status of dark matter in the universe , Proc. 14th Marcel Grossmann Meeting, Rome 2015

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Birth and career dates for American Men and Women of Science , Thomson Gale 2004
  2. ↑ K. Freese, J. Frieman, A. Gould: Signal modulation in cold-dark-matter detection, Physical Review D, Volume 37, 1988, p. 3388
  3. ↑ Freese, Lisanti, Savage, Annual Modulation of Dark Matter: A Review , Rev. Mod.Phys ., Volume 85, 2012
  4. ↑ Freese, Douglas Spolyar, Peter Bodenheimer, Paolo Gondolo: Dark matter and the first stars: a new phase of stellar evolution , Phys. Rev. Lett., Volume 100, 2008, p. 051101
  5. ↑ Freese et al. a., Dark stars, a review , Reports Progress Physics, Volume 79, Issue 6, 2016
  6. ↑ Freese, Michael S. Turner, David Schramm: Monopole Catalysis of Nucleon Decay in Old Pulsars, Physical Review Letters, Volume 51, 1983, p. 1625
  7. ↑ Freese, Krasteva, A Bound on the Flux of Magnetic Monopoles from Catalysis of Nucleon Decay in White Dwarfs, Phys. Rev. D, Vol. 59, 1998, p. 063007, Arxiv
  8. ↑ Fred Adams, K. Freese, Michael S. Turner et al. a., Extension of the Parker bound on the flux of magnetic monopoles, Phys. Rev. Lett., Vol. 70, 1993, p. 2511
  9. ↑ Freese, JA Frieman, AV Olinto: Natural inflation with pseudo Nambu-Goldstone bosons, Physical Review Letters, Volume 65, 1990, p. 3233
  10. ↑ Fred C. Adams, J. Richard Bond, Katherine Freese, Joshua A. Frieman, Angela Olinto: Natural inflation: Particle physics models, power law spectra for large scale structure, and constraints from COBE, Phys. Rev. D 47, 1993 , Pp. 426-455
  11. ^ Freese, Matthew Lewis: Cardassian expansion: A Model in which the universe is flat, matter dominated, and accelerating, Phys. Lett. B, Volume 540, 2002, pp. 1-8, Arxiv
  12. ^ Freese, Cardassian Expansion: Dark Energy Density from Modified Friedmann Equations , New Astron. Rev., Vol. 49, 2005, pp. 103-109
personal data
SURNAME Freese, Katherine
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-American physicist
DATE OF BIRTH February 8, 1957
PLACE OF BIRTH Freiburg in Breisgau