Kettenhofweg
| Kettenhofweg | |
|---|---|
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| Lindenstrasse intersection | |
| Basic data | |
| place | Frankfurt am Main |
| District | Westend-South |
| Created | Late 19th century (previously dirt road) |
| Connecting roads | Robert-Mayer-Strasse (West) |
| Cross streets | Bockenheimer Landstrasse , Mendelssohnstrasse, Senckenberganlage |
| Buildings | mainbuilding , America Institute |
| Technical specifications | |
| Street length | 1.2 km |
The Kettenhofweg is a street in the Westend-Süd district of Frankfurt . Like many other side streets in this district, the Kettenhofweg is a one-way street . Between the two endpoints of the Kettenhofweg, the Senckenberganlage in the west and the Bockenheimer Landstrasse in the east, the road changes the prescribed direction several times. The development of the land on the street consists largely of residential buildings and individual office buildings.
history
The area west of the city, beyond the Bockenheimer Tor of the Frankfurt city fortifications , was called Niedenau from ancient times , a designation that is still alive today in the street names Niedenau and Neue Niedenau . Already in the late Middle Ages , there were fortifications and manors with gardens, some of which were synonymous. 1372 the city came mayor Siegfried to paradise his "garden Genand Nydennauw" to Rule snabel from 1397 had Brune of Brunfels "huss, hope, and Grabin umbfang before Franck Ford gnant Nydenauwe" .
The court changed hands several times in noble and patrician ownership, mostly by succession, and was also called Groß-Niedenau from the 15th century . The counterpart Klein-Niedenau attested for the first time in 1419 that it was owned by Gerlach von Ergersheim and then also had various owners from high-ranking Frankfurt families. From the 16th century a farm in Mittel-Niedenau was added, which was still mentioned after the siege of 1552.
1560 was first mentioned in a document as "the stainen stock Koeten ode" , although it remains unclear whether this is identical with one of the aforementioned earlier courtyards. It is conceivable but unproven that the courtyards of the Middle Ages were destroyed during the aforementioned siege - like almost all such facilities in the city area - and then built by new owners. Speaking against the court since 1536 annually 16 guilders to the Monastery of Saint Catherine zinste and is displayed on the siege plan of 1552 as burning, which is also the oldest known pictorial recording of the court. The first verifiable owner was a Johann Koet , who also gave him his name, later the name of the farm was corrupted to Ketten-Hof , alternative names were only Oede , Groß-Eidenau or Groß-Neidenau at times .
From 1690 to 1877 the courtyard, which at an unknown point in time was divided into a small and large chain courtyard and later merged again into one, was owned by the Frankfurt patrician family Günderrode . Until the late 19th century, the Kettenhofweg led as an unpaved field path from the Bockenheimer Landstrasse, then known as Bockenheimer Chaussée , to the west through agricultural areas to the two farms that were directly adjacent to each other. These were roughly in the area of the intersection of the Kettenhofweg with today's Arndtstraße .
- "Behind the very spacious courtyard, which is occupied by barns and stables and other buildings, there is a wide moat and in the middle of it the stone floor or the old residential building, otherwise also called Kothenöde [sic] , where a few shooting holes can still be seen."
( chromolithography by Friedrich August Ravenstein )
In the 1890s, the owners at the time had the remaining courtyard buildings demolished and most of the land was used for road construction projects in the southern Westend that was being built here. When the development outside of the Frankfurt ramparts expanded further and further west, the meadows and fields belonging to the property along the Kettenhofweg were first built with residential houses. The Kettenhofweg received a solid road surface for the first time and was extended westward to Bockenheim. Since the middle of the 19th century, there was also the site of a chemical factory on the north side of the Kettenhofweg at the level of today's Schumannstraße .
As one of the first paved roads in the Westend, the Kettenhofweg led in an east-west direction from the Bockenheimer Landstraße to the railway systems in the Bockenheim district . With the construction of the Frankfurt University and the adjoining Senckenberg Nature Museum at the beginning of the 20th century, the part of the Kettenhofweg to the west of the Senckenberganlage was renamed Robert-Mayer-Straße .
In 1953 the university built the America Institute designed by Ferdinand Kramer at the western end of the street (house number 130) . After the institute moved to the Westend campus, the building was occupied by students. Since then the house has been the institute for comparative irrelevance .
In the 1970s, at the time of the Frankfurt house-to-house war , the Kettenhofweg was to change its appearance forever. In the “ five-finger plan ” it was identified as a location for high-rise office buildings. In 1972 and 1973 violent clashes broke out between the police and opponents of the demolition at occupied house number 51. At the same time, the Ulmenstrasse 37-39 office high- rises , known colloquially as the Bubis towers after their prominent co-owner , were also built at the Ulmenstrasse intersection . The 67 m high twin towers were converted in 2008/2009 for mixed commercial and residential use.
In 2003, Allianz AG completely redesigned a block at the eastern end of the street, which has since been known as mainbuilding .
building
While the character of the Kettenhofweg at the eastern end up to Ulmenstrasse is characterized by office buildings and high-rise buildings, the western area is built up with four to five-story houses and has a number of listed Wilhelminian-style buildings.
The first listed building (from the east) is the Villa Erlanger , Kettenhofweg 26. It is a late Classicist house from 1871 with a central arched window between a pair of gabled half-columns. Opposite, at 27 Kettenhofweg, there is a simple late classicist house. The building, erected around 1850, has a baroque extension. It was used as a kindergarten and converted into the Museum Goldkammer Frankfurt in 2019 .
One of the most beautiful late classicist houses in the Westend is the Villa Cronhardt . The striking rotunda on the corner of Niedenau Street was built in 1872 at Kettenhofweg 29 based on a design by Carl Ludwig Schmidt (who also built the Livingston horse stable one street further). It is a representative house for the businessman Johann Georg Cronhardt . The decorative elements include the structure of the pilasters in the rounded corners, the ornamented lintels and the lunettes . The building now serves as an office building.
The house at Kettenhofweg 46 is a neo-Renaissance tenement house . The building erected in 1883 shows a clearly profiled ashlar facade with a central balcony projection. A bronze plaque on the house has been commemorating the graphic artist and resistance fighter Elisabeth Schumacher , who lived in this house from 1921 to 1924 , since 1994 . More recent, but also under monument protection, is a tenement house from 1921 at Kettenhofweg 72. The architect Gustav Günther designed a neoclassical facade with a pilaster structure and an axial dwelling .
At Kettenhofweg 94 there is a listed residential building from 1896 in the neo-baroque style, at Kettenhofweg 96/98 a double tenement house from 1896, built according to a design by the architects Beck & Grünewald . It shows motifs from Neo-Renaissance and Baroque and is characterized by a symmetrical front framed by side elevations. Haus Fucker (Kettenhofweg 119) is a house built in 1909 according to plans by Otto Fucker with a modern vertical structure under a formerly steep hipped roof and a cantilevered loggia between corner oriels. At house number 123, a bronze plaque commemorates the philosopher, sociologist, musicologist and composer Theodor W. Adorno , who lived there with his wife from his return from exile in the US in 1949 until his death in 1969.
In the west of the Kettenhofweg, shortly before the Senckenberganlage , there are the last two listed houses: at Kettenhofweg 129/131 a double tenement house of neoclassicism from 1910 with decorative elements in relief over pilasters, in Kettenhofweg 124 / 124a there is a double tenement house of neo-baroque from 1902 with a rich one , partially carved stone facade and domed side elevations. The house at Kettenhofweg 124 was used for a noble brothel until it became the scene of a sensational murder case in 1994.
literature
- Rudolf Maxeiner: Rural Life in Old Frankfurt . Waldemar Kramer Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1979, ISBN 3-7829-0210-6 .
- Klaus Merten, Christoph Mohr: The Frankfurt Westend . A documentation by the Kuratorium Kulturelles Frankfurt with a focus on architecture and numerous historical images (maps and photos). Prestel Verlag, Munich 1974, ISBN 3-7913-0036-9 .
- Hans Pehl: When they once protected the city - Frankfurt's fortified manors . Verlag Josef Knecht, Frankfurt 1978, ISBN 3-7820-0411-6 .
- Heinz Schomann , Volker Rödel, Heike Kaiser: Monument topography city of Frankfurt am Main. Main band. 2nd Edition. Published by the city of Frankfurt 1994, ISBN 3-7973-0576-1 , pp. 354–356.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Stadtvermessungsamt Frankfurt am Main (ed.): Portal GeoInfo Frankfurt , city map
- ^ A b c Rudolf Jung, Julius Hülsen: The architectural monuments of Frankfurt am Main. Volume 3: Private Buildings . Self-published / Keller, Frankfurt am Main 1902–14, p. 312.
- ↑ Certificate in the Institute for Urban History Frankfurt am Main, holdings of Holzhausen documents, signature 94.
- ↑ a b c d R. Jung, J. Hülsen: The architectural monuments of Frankfurt am Main. Volume 3: Private Buildings. 1902-1914, p. 313.
- ↑ Certificate in the Institute for Urban History Frankfurt am Main, inventory of house documents, signature 1.938.
- ↑ Quoted from R. Maxeiner: Description of the chain farms from 1860. In: Rural life in old Frankfurt. 1979, p. 72 chap. Manors in front of the city wall.
- ^ K. Merten, C. Mohr: Das Frankfurter Westend. 1974, pp. 22–24, panels VII to IX: city maps from the 19th century
- ↑ a b c Heinz Schomann et al.: Monument topography city of Frankfurt am Main. 1994, p. 354.
- ↑ a b c d e Heinz Schomann and others: Monument topography city of Frankfurt am Main. 1994, p. 355.
- ↑ Memorial plaque for Elisabeth Schumacher on stadtgeschichte-ffm.de ( Memento of the original from July 19, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (accessed June 17, 2010)
- ^ A b Heinz Schomann et al.: Monument topography city of Frankfurt am Main. 1994, p. 356.
- ↑ Noble brothel on Frankfurt's Kettenhofweg - crime in a stylish atmosphere. faz.net (accessed on August 16, 2014)
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