Chickpea rust
| Chickpea rust | ||||||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Uromyces ciceris arietini | ||||||||||||
| Jaczewski |
The chick peas rust ( Uromyces ciceris-arietini ) is a stand fungal art from the order of the rust fungi (Pucciniales). The fungus is an endoparasite of the chickpea ( Ciceris arientinum ). Symptoms of the infestation by the species are rust spots and pustules on the leaf surfaces of the host plants. It is common in Eurasia , Central America and Africa .
features
Macroscopic features
Uromyces ciceris-arietini can only be recognized with the naked eye by means of the spore beds protruding on the surface of the host. They grow in nests that appear as yellowish to brown spots and pustules on the leaf surfaces.
Microscopic features
The mycelium of Uromyces ciceris-arietini grows as with all Puccinia TYPES intercellular and forms Saugfäden that grow into the storage tissue of the host. The spermogonia and aecia of the species are unknown. The uredia of the fungus growing on both sides of the host leaves, on stems and on leaf spindles are cinnamon brown. Their cinnamon to golden brown uredospores are 23–27 × 18–22 µm in size, mostly broadly ellipsoidal and spiky. The parts of the species growing on leaves, stems and leaf spindles are chocolate brown, uncovered and powdery. The chestnut-brown teliospores are unicellular, usually spherical to broadly ovate, spiky and usually 20-25 × 18-20 µm in size. Their stem is colorless.
distribution
The known distribution area of Uromyces ciceris-arietini includes Central America , Europe and India .
ecology
The host plant of Uromyces ciceris-arietini is the chickpea ( Cicer arietinum ). The fungus feeds on the nutrients present in the storage tissue of the plants, its spore beds later break through the leaf surface and release spores. The species goes through a probably macrocyclical development cycle of which only uredia and telia and their host are known so far. It cannot therefore be said whether she will change host .
meaning
The chickpea rust is an important pest in chickpea cultivation v. a. in countries like Mexico, Italy and Australia. The control is usually carried out with fungicides such as propyconazole . Recently, resistant varieties have also been sought. It has also been found that infestation is lower when sowing is done in winter rather than spring, as the rust prefers higher temperatures.
literature
- George Baker Cummins : Rust Fungi on Legumes and Composites in North America . University of Arizona Press, Tucson 1978, ISBN 0-8165-0653-1 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Josefina C. Sillero, Inmaculada Moreno-Alías, Diego Rubiales: Identification and characterization of resistance to rust (Uromyces ciceris-arietini (Grognot) Jacz. & Boyd) in a germplasm collection of Cicer spp. In: Euphytica. (2012); 188, pp. 229-238. doi: 10.1007 / s10681-012-0709-x .