Kerch mountain
| Kerch mountain | ||
|---|---|---|
 The Kerbsche Berg from the northeast |
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| height | 370 m above sea level NHN | |
| location | Dingelstädt , Eichsfeld , Thuringia | |
| Coordinates | 51 ° 18 '53 " N , 10 ° 18' 3" E | |
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| rock | Shell limestone | |
| particularities | Pilgrimage destination | |
The Kerbsche Berg is a mountain near Dingelstädt in the Eichsfeld district .
location
The Kerbsche Berg is a small hill in the Unstruttal on the district road K 220 between Dingelstädt and Kefferhausen and rises only about 20 meters above the valley. It is located on the eastern roofing of the Upper Eichsfeld at the transition to the northern Dün . To the west runs the former Leinefelde – Treysa railway line with a viaduct over Kefferhäuser Strasse, to the south on the Unstrut is the Kerbsche Mühle .
Origin of name
The Kerbsche Berg was originally called Kirchbergischer Berg and refers to an early church on the mountain. Over the centuries, the mountain has been mentioned in documents with frequently changing spellings. Through various modifications and omissions of syllables within the Thuringian dialect area, the name Kerbscher Berg, which is used today, arose.
history
The history of the development and use of the strategic advantages of the mountain location goes back to prehistoric times , presumably there was also a Germanic cult site that belonged to the Thing (Gaugericht) Dingelstädt. The first settlement around the mountain took place in the Franconian period, and the village of Kirchberg emerged north-west of the hilltop .
Row graves from the 8th century with weapons were found near the mountain in 1906. Without written sources, but archaeologically secured, there is an outer wall on the hilltop from the 9th to 10th centuries. The mountain spur is separated from the adjacent mountain slope by an additional wall. It could have been a people's castle or a refuge. Before 800 AD, a small church dedicated to Saint Martin was built on the mountain . Whether the royal documents issued in the 10th and 11th centuries can be assigned to the local Kirchberg or the other Thuringian places of the same name (Kirchberg near Jena or Sondershausen ) is not possible without a doubt. Between 1134 and 1464 there are documented mentions of the place and the lords of Kirchberg . They had a fortified manor house or part of a castle here ( Kirchberg Castle ), a small round wall within the outer wall indicates a time in the 9th to 11th centuries. Because of the construction work for the construction of the monastery within the round wall, there are no more indications of any development of the castle.
In addition to the lords of Kirchberg, other noble families owned goods or possessions in Kirchberg, such as the von Bültzingslöwen , Tastungen , Worbis and others. When exactly the village was abandoned is not known, from the beginning of the 16th century there are no more mentions. The residents settled in Dingelstädt and the area increased significantly as a result. At the end of the 17th century only one church is mentioned, but it was in poor condition.
In 1701 a new chapel dedicated to “St. Martin “erected; From 1752 to 1764 a way of the cross made of sandstone was built around the Kerbschen mountain. In the years 1763 and 1764 the first 80 linden trees were planted on the mountain, in 1813 a Helena grotto was built as the 15th station of the cross and in 1824 a new chapel with the title “To the Holy Cross” was consecrated.
From 1864 to 1994 there was a Franciscan monastery on the mountain . Between 1887 and 1903 grottos were built on the eastern slope of the mountain, in 1911 a Franciscan statue by Josef Neyer at the foot of the mountain. A family center of the diocese of Erfurt has been located there since 1997 .
Others
The Marienkirche, built on Kerbschen Berg, is surrounded by a ring of around 150 old linden trees, the estimated age of which is now around 275 years. The complex is a natural monument. Any gaps that arise were closed by replanting, so that there are always around 200 trees. Other sights on the mountain include the Way of the Cross, built in the 18th century, with 15 stations and a total of five grottos . Remains of a historical rampart can still be seen today.
literature
- Levin von Wintzingeroda-Knorr : Kerbsche Berg In: The desertions of the Eichsfeld: Directory of the desertions, prehistoric ramparts, mines, courts of law and waiting areas within the districts of Duderstadt, Heiligenstadt, Mühlhausen and Worbis. O. Hendel, Göttingen 1903, pp. 175-183
- Arkadius Kullmann: The Kerbsche Berg near Dingelstädt. Publishing house Cordier Heiligenstadt 1951
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Arkadius Kullmann: The Kerbsche Berg near Dingelstädt. Verlag Cordier Heiligenstadt 1951, pages 9-10
- ^ Thomas Zitz: German royal palaces. Volume 2 Thuringia. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Göttingen 1984, p. 235
- ^ Paul Grimm and Wolfgang Timpel: The prehistoric and early historical fortifications of the Worbis district. In: Eichsfelder Heimathefte special edition, Worbis 1966, page 15
- ↑ Levin von Wintzingeroda-Knorr : Die Wüstungen des Eichsfeldes: Directory of the desert areas, prehistoric ramparts, mines, courts of law and waiting areas within the districts of Duderstadt, Heiligenstadt, Mühlhausen and Worbis. Göttingen (O. Hendel) 1903, page 177 ff.
- ^ Arkadius Kullmann: The Kerbsche Berg near Dingelstädt. Verlag Cordier Heiligenstadt 1951, pages 14-19
- ↑ Michael Köhler: "Kerbscher Berg, Kirchberg" - Thuringian castles and fortified prehistoric and early historical living spaces . Jenzig-Verlag, Jena 2001, ISBN 3-910141-43-9 , p. 154-155 .
- ↑ Ewald Heerda: On the Kerbschen mountain . In: Discoveries in the Eichsfeld. Interesting facts from the woods and fields . Self-published by the author, Heiligenstadt 1993, p. 33 .