Clover-leaved foam herb

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Clover-leaved foam herb
Clover-leaved foam herb (Cardamine trifolia)

Clover-leaved foam herb ( Cardamine trifolia )

Systematics
Eurosiden II
Order : Cruciferous (Brassicales)
Family : Cruciferous vegetables (Brassicaceae)
Tribe : Cardamineae
Genre : Foam Herbs ( Cardamine )
Type : Clover-leaved foam herb
Scientific name
Cardamine trifolia
L.

The clover-leaf foam herb ( Cardamine trifolia ), also known as clover-leaf foam herb , is a species of the genus of the foam herbs ( Cardamine ) within the cruciferous family (Brassicaceae).

description

Illustration from Atlas of Alpine Flora
Inflorescence with four-fold flowers

Vegetative characteristics

The clover-leaved foam herb is an evergreen, perennial, herbaceous plant that reaches heights of about 20 to 30 centimeters. Short runners form low leaf carpets. The three-part foliage leaves are rhombic to rounded, flat-indented and notched and all of the same size.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from March to June. Loose, truss- shaped inflorescences are formed. The hermaphrodite flowers are fourfold. The four white, free petals are 8 to 11 millimeters long.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16.

Occurrence

The distribution area of the clover-leaved foam herb is limited to Europe and includes Switzerland, Italy, Austria, Germany, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Poland and the northwestern Balkan peninsula. It also occurs as a neophyte in Great Britain.

The clover-leaved foam herb occurs absent-mindedly or frequently in all Austrian federal states except Vienna. In Germany, it is largely restricted to Bavaria, in particular the Alps , the Alpine foothills and the Bavarian Forest . In the Allgäu Alps , it rises on the southwest slope of the Reuterwanne in Bavaria to an altitude of up to 1350 meters.

Moist, shady mixed beech and spruce forests, and more rarely alder forests with musty-acidic topsoil - but mostly above lime - are preferred as locations at the montane altitude . Cardamine trifolia is a character species of the eastern Alpine Cardamino-trifoliae-Fagetum, but also occurs in companies of the Alno-Ulmion association.

Use as an ornamental plant

The clover-leaved foam herb is horticulturally counted among the so-called forest perennials . These are perennials that do best when sheltered by trees. As such, this plant species can also be covered with falling leaves in autumn. Due to its high tolerance to shade, it is also possible to cultivate this type of plant in perennial beds that are, for example, in the wall shade . But it is also suitable for naturalization in the shady natural garden.

literature

  • Manfred A. Fischer, Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Stuttgart, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 2001. ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 .
  2. ↑ Jaakko Jalas, Juha Suominen: Atlas florae europaeae . Volume 10 Cruciferae (Sisymbrium to Aubrieta). Page 152, Helsinki 1996. ISBN 951-9108-09-2 .
  3. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , pp. 584-586.

Web links

Commons : Clover-leaf clover ( Cardamine trifolia )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files