Marienbusch Monastery

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The Marienbusch Monastery ( rubus sanctae Mariae ) was a Premonstratensian monastery that was founded between 1224 and 1286 in Wischow (now Wyszkowo in Polish ) near Trzebiatów ( Treptow an der Rega ) in today's Powiat Gryficki ( Greifenberg district ) of the Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship and then until the mid-16th century Century existed in Treptow itself.

Foundation and first years in Wischow near Treptow (1224–1286)

The foundation of the Belbuck Monastery ( Polish: Białoboki ) northwest of the city of Treptow by the Pomeranian Duke Casimir I with the Premonstratensians at the end of the 12th century marked an important advance of the Premonstratensian Order into Eastern Pomerania . However, the Premonstratensians had already given up the principle of uniting men and women in one monastery; instead, they occasionally set up women's monasteries near their male monasteries.

Remains of the ruins of the Wischow Church built in the 15th century on the site of the former monastery (2010).

On July 7, 1224, Anastasia, the widow of Duke Bogislaw I , gave her widow's seat, Treptow Castle, to the Belbuck Monastery, together with 23 villages in the vicinity to build and maintain a nunnery; by her grandchildren, the dukes Barnim I and Wartislaw III. , the donation was slightly modified in 1228. Based on the model of Belbuck, which in 1208 the Premonstratensians of the Mariëngaarde monastery in Hallum in Friesland had moved into, Anastasia and the Belbucker's abbot Otto recruited canon women from the Mariëngaarder daughter monastery Bethlehem , who between 1235 and 1240 one in the village Wischow , which belonged to the founding equipment of Belbuck , related to the monastery settlement Marienbusch ( rubus sanctae Mariae ) built on the right Regaufer ; In 1243 the convent consisted of 50 Premonstratensian women. Duchess Anastasia took her widow's seat in the monastery and was buried there after 1240.

The monastery property was under the supervision of the Belbuck monastery from the beginning, even if Marienbusch had its own provost as administrator.

Treptow (1286–1573)

After Treptow was raised to town in 1277, the Dukes Barnim I and Bogislaw IV reached an understanding with the Belbuck Monastery about the rights and obligations (e.g. to participate in the construction of the city wall) of the Marienbuscher convent in the town, and until 1287 the Premonstratensian monastery in the town was based there Burgberg relocated, with the Nikolaikirche assigned to him as the monastery church. Donations intended for the maintenance of the nuns continued to go formally to the Belbuck Monastery, so that Premonstratensian women remained closely dependent on their mother monastery; This also included hop gardens, which enabled the brewery run by the nuns to produce “a not insignificant amount of beer” in the city. Economically, the pin in the late 14th and early 15th centuries also extensive liturgical donations benefited as the Belgarder pastor Ulrich Zabow (1390).

At the beginning of the 16th century, Elisabeth Cruciger from Meseritz (now in Polish Międzyrzecze ) received her school education in the monastery in early childhood. She became the first evangelical song poet. Under the influence of the Reformation doctrine - Johann Bugenhagen acted as rector at the Treptow city school - she left the order in 1522 and was accepted into Martin Luther's city by the Bugenhagen family, who had since moved to Wittenberg .

Details about the dissolution of the Marienbusch monastery in the wake of the Reformation in Pomerania are not known; Although the convent's possessions were confiscated with those of Belbucks in 1524, the monastery itself continued to exist with its own administration until 1573. The tradition as a place of pilgrimage to Mary, which had existed since the 14th century, was halted by the removal of the miraculous image.

Nothing remains of the monastery buildings in Treptow; Treptow Castle was later built on its walls. In Wischow, however, the ruins of the Wischow Church , built in the 15th century, still remind of the site of the former Marienbusch monastery.

literature

  • Hermann Hoogeweg : The founders and monasteries of the province of Pomerania. Volume 2, Stettin 1924, pp. 758–769 (article Premonstratensian nunnery Marienbusch )
  • Hellmuth Heyden : Church history of Pomerania. Volume 1, Cologne-Braunsfeld 1957, p. 155f.
  • Johannes Hinz : Pomerania. Signpost through an unforgettable country. Wuerzburg 1996.

Footnotes

  1. ^ Hermann Hoogeweg : The founders and monasteries of the province of Pomerania. Volume 2, Stettin 1924, p. 758.
  2. ^ Edition of the certificate by Klaus Conrad (arrangement): Pommersches Urkundenbuch . Volume 1. 2nd edition, Böhlau Verlag, Cologne and Vienna 1970, No. 222; see. on this Hermann Hoogeweg: The Founders and Monasteries of the Province of Pomerania. Volume 2, Stettin 1924, p. 758 f.
  3. ↑ See Hermann Hoogeweg: The founders and monasteries of the province of Pomerania. Volume 2, Stettin 1924, p. 759 f. with the corresponding documentary evidence.
  4. ↑ On Wischow and the property rights cf. Hermann Hoogeweg: The founders and monasteries of the province of Pomerania. Volume 1, Stettin 1924, p. 87.
  5. ↑ For the chronology and the underlying evidence cf. Hermann Hoogeweg: The founders and monasteries of the province of Pomerania. Volume 2, Stettin 1924, p. 760 f.
  6. ↑ Cf. Martin Wehrmann : Genealogy of the Pomeranian ducal house. Leon Saunier, Stettin 1937 (publications of the regional historical research center for Pomerania, series 1, volume 5), p. 37.
  7. ↑ See Hermann Hoogeweg: The founders and monasteries of the province of Pomerania. Volume 2, Stettin 1924, p. 761 f.
  8. ↑ See Hermann Hoogeweg: The founders and monasteries of the province of Pomerania. Volume 2, Stettin 1924, pp. 762-765; Quote ibid. P. 765.
  9. ↑ See Hermann Hoogeweg: The founders and monasteries of the province of Pomerania. Volume 2, Stettin 1924, p. 766.
  10. ↑ See Hermann Hoogeweg: The founders and monasteries of the province of Pomerania. Volume 2, Stettin 1924, p. 767 f.

Coordinates: 54 ° 3 ′ 18 ″  N , 15 ° 16 ′ 32 ″  E