Thulba Monastery

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New provost of Thulba
Old Propstei (stepped gable house)

The monastery Thulba was a Benedictine monastery of the former Abbey of Fulda in Thulba in the district of Bad Kissingen .

history

The "villa Thulba" is attested in documents from the 8th century (796) about donations to the Fulda Abbey. A first church was consecrated on May 2, 816. Through further donations Thulba became more and more important for the Fulda monastery. When in 1127 the Fulda Ministerial Gerlach von Herlingsberg and his wife gave the abbot Heinrich I their property to found a male monastery, however, the latter occupied the new monastery with Benedictine women . The abbey church of St. Lambertus , which still exists today, was built with the monastery, but it fell into severe disrepair in the 16th century and was only rebuilt by provost Heinrich von Calenberg from 1629, during the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) . In 1141 Pope Innocent II confirmed the foundation of the monastery. The monastery grew through further donations and in the 16th century owned rights and goods in more than fifty widely scattered villages. An abbess headed the monastery and a "Praepositus" ( provost ) was responsible for pastoral care and secular administration. He was assisted by a pastor or vicar to look after the affiliated parishes. The office of provost himself was reserved for aristocrats and the last person before the monastery fell, Valentin von Lüder, turned the monastery into a poor house within a few years.

During the Peasants' War in 1525 the monastery and church were devastated and the thirteen remaining nuns were driven out; they found acceptance in the mother monastery in Fulda. Two professed sisters of the Benedictine Priory St. Scholastika zur Gnadenpforte in Würzburg , Barbara Kreut and Margaretha von Ochsenfurt, who had stayed for a few years to reform the monastery in Thulba, returned to Würzburg after its devastation. The Counter-Reformation under the Fulda abbot Balthasar von Dernbach and the disputes with Bishop Julius Echter about the Lutheran Hammelburg and thus also about Thulba did not end until 1602 through an arbitration ruling by the emperor. A restoration of the monastery did not succeed, it was dissolved in 1626; administration by the provost's office was retained as the Thulba provost's office until 1802.

Propstei

The provosts lived outside the cloister and only had access there in exceptional cases. They resided in the stepped gable house north of the church and monastery. Soon (1654, through Abbot Joachim) the provosts gave the inhabitants of Thulba their freedom and the right to choose the mayor themselves. The construction of the new provost's office, which the Franciscan architect Antonius Peyer of the Frauenberg monastery in Fulda had planned, was completed under Provost Benedikt von Rosenbusch (1687–1701) and his successor, Provost Friedrich von Buttlar , completed it in 1706. In 1802, the Fulda monastery was secularized, and with it the provost's office Thulba. The last provost, Aegil Reichlin von Meldegg, left Thulba and with him his 80 servants. The administration of the goods was now the responsibility of the state. The pastor lived in his own rectory from 1603 to 1854 until the rectory was housed in the west wing of the Propstei building; the east wing has been occupied by the school ever since and to this day.

Provost buildings

The stepped gable house housed the provosts and chaplains until the new provost house was built. Later it served first as an administration building and then as a servants' apartment and at times as a brewery. Today it is widely used by the community.

The provost castle, built between 1701–1706 and two-story above the basement, with its hipped roof next to the church is the dominant building of the village. The south facade is divided horizontally into two windows by pilasters and three windows around the portal. Above the windows on the 2nd floor, a triglyph frieze is regularly interrupted by the segment roofs over the windows. The windows on the 1st floor are roofed alternately by segment and triangular gables. Above the portal is the coat of arms of the provost Friedrich von Buttlar and above that of the abbot Adalbert von Schleifras. The middle of the building is dominated by the staircase. There are paintings on the ceilings of the corridors and one room has stucco work depicting the four cardinal virtues .

Monastery buildings

After the abandonment of the monastery, the monastery buildings served as a quarry for centuries. Only large parts of the monastery wall, part of the cloister and above all the church have been preserved. The terraced gardens with carp pond, which still existed in the 19th century, south of the church and monastery, have now been converted into secular private gardens.

  • Monastery wall

  • Remains of the monastery cloister

List of the famous provosts of Thulba

  • Arnold (1221)
  • Konrad (1265)
  • Erpho von Ehrentraut (1292, 1307)
  • Conrad of Tilia
  • Reinhard Fink von Altenburg (1313, 1330)
  • Wipoto von Mulich (since 1331, 1333)
  • Friedrich von Fischborn (after 1353)
  • Heinrich von Rieneck (1360)
  • Sibold von Wambold (until 1365)
  • Johann von Strebekatz (1399–1410)
  • Konrad vom Berg (until 1417)
  • Gottfried von Bimbach (1417–1422)
  • Reinhard von Weilnau (1446–1476)
  • Johannes von Henneberg (1476–1513)
  • Adolf von Biedenfeld (1513–1514)
  • Valentin von Lüder (since 1514, 1525)
  • Wolfgang Theoderich von Uissigheim (1541, 1550), from 1550 prince abbot, then at the same time provost of Johannesberg, Petersberg, Frauenberg, previously provost of Holzkirchen
  • Johann Wolfgang Schott von Memmelsdorf (since 1566)
  • Wilhelm Hartmann von Klaur (Klauer) zu Wohra 1561–1567, later Prince Abbot of Fulda and Provost of Johannesberg
  • Heinrich Rau von Holzhausen (since 1572 ?, 1590)
  • Reinhard Ludwig von Dallwig (1601–1613), at the same time provost in Holzkirchen, prince abbot of Fulda 1606–1622, at times also provost of Johannesberg and Blankenau
  • Eberhard Hermann Schutzbar called Milchling (1613–1625)
  • Otto Heinrich von Calenberg (1625–1639)
  • Johann Michael von Hochstetten (1651–1667)
  • Magnus von Riedheim (1669–1677)
  • Boniface von Ramstein (1677–1687)
  • Benedikt von Rosenbusch (1687–1701), before that provost in Blankenau, then in Johannesberg and finally on the Andreasberg
  • Friedrich von Buttlar (1701–1707), before that provost in Holzkirchen, then on the Johannesberg near Fulda
  • Konrad von Mengersen (1707–1710), then provost in Holzkirchen and then on the Johannesberg
  • Mauritius von Westphalen (1710–1721), before that provost in Holzkirchen
  • Franz von Calenberg (1721–1732), then provost in Blankenau
  • Bonifaz von Hutten zu Stolzenberg (1732–1738), before that provost in Holzkirchen, then on the Petersberg
  • Augustin von Bastheim (1738–1750), before that provost in Sannerz
  • Vinzenz von Buseck called Brandt (1750–1760)
  • Benedikt von Zievel (1760–1778), before that provost in Holzkirchen and Sannerz
  • Adalbert von Harstall (1778–1788), administrator 1777–1778, officiated as provost 1778–1788, then prince-bishop in Fulda
  • Benedikt von Ostheim (1788–1794), then St. Andreas
  • Konstantin von Guttenberg (1794–1801)
  • Aegil Reichlin von Meldegg (1801–1802), last provost

literature

  • Renate Heil, Adalbert Köhler and Rev. Karl Theodor Mauer: Church leaders of the cath. Churches of the Thulba parish , EK Servive Saarbrücken, 2006
  • Adalbert Köhler: 1200 years of Thulba, history and stories , publisher of the festival committee "1200 years of Thulba", 1996
  • Alfred Hummel, Stöckner: 1150 years Parish Thulba 816-1966 , Catholic parish Thulba 1966
  • Georg Dehio: Handbook of the German art monuments Bavaria I. Franconia , page 1021, ISBN 3-422-03051-4

Web links

Commons : Thulba Monastery  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ingrid Heeg-Engelhart: The women's monasteries. In: Ulrich Wagner (Hrsg.): History of the city of Würzburg. 4 volumes, Volume I-III / 2 (I: From the beginnings to the outbreak of the Peasant War. 2001, ISBN 3-8062-1465-4 ; II: From the Peasant War 1525 to the transition to the Kingdom of Bavaria 1814. 2004, ISBN 3 -8062-1477-8 ; III / 1–2: From the transition to Bavaria to the 21st century. 2007, ISBN 978-3-8062-1478-9 ), Theiss, Stuttgart 2001–2007, Volume 1 (2001), Pp. 272–294 and 625–634, here: pp. 277–279 ( The St. Ulrich hermitage - the later Benedictine priory of St. Scholastica at the Gnadenpforte ), in particular p. 278.
  2. ↑ Thulba parishes
  3. ^ Antonius Peyer also built the deanery in Fulda and the provost castle Blankenau


Coordinates: 50 ° 10 ′ 45 ″  N , 9 ° 55 ′ 14 ″  E