St. Lambertus (Thulba)

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Parish Church of St. Lambertus Thulba
Central nave with main and side choirs.

The provost church of St. Lambertus is the church of the former Thulba monastery and today's parish church of the Thulba district of Bad Kissingen .

history

The Würzburg bishop Wolfgar left the lands in Thulba to the abbot Ratgar von Fulda and gave him a piece of land from the Hruodperahtes de Salagevve (Ruprecht vom Saalgau) as a gift on June 29, 811 , mentions the building of a church for the first time. It was consecrated on May 2, 816. According to legend, a nobleman from Fulda fetched water from the spring at this place and let his sick child drink from it. After his recovery, he had a chapel built out of gratitude and thus one of the first baptismal churches in Buchoniagau . It is said to have been consecrated to Saint John the Baptist and became a much-visited place of pilgrimage.

On June 6th 1127 the Fulda Ministeriale Gerlach von Herlingsberg and his wife Regilinde bequeathed their property to Abbot Heinrich I von Fulda with the condition that a monastery be built in Thulba. At the same time as the nunnery, the church was built and consecrated to St. Lambertus . Pope Innocent II wrote in 1141: Dilectis in Christo filiabus sanctimonialibus in ecclesia beati lamberti martyris Tulbensi .

During the Peasants' War in 1525, the Thulba farmers occupied the monastery and expelled the nuns. As a result, provosts administered his property and were active in pastoral care. Provost Reinhard Ludwig von Dallwig installed the first local pastor in his own parsonage around 1600. He himself continued to live with the vicars in the stepped gable house. After the secularization in 1802, the new Propsteig building became vacant and the pastors moved into the west wing from 1854.

Building history

In the fourteen years of construction from 1127 to 1141, the building was built with a cross-shaped transept and two side aisles. The choir and the two transepts each received a round apse. The upper facade of the main nave with small windows rested on six round columns with cubic capitals. Like the choir apse, the side aisles only had small windows. The conical floor plan shifted to the north is probably due to the attached monastery. The mighty church tower rose above the crossing.

The church, consecrated in 1141, was devastated during the Peasants' War and only poorly maintained in the 16th century. Roof repairs of the transepts and the choir were dendrochronologically dated to the years 1517 and 1579. It was not until the provost Dallwig that major construction work began again from 1600 onwards. In 1601 he had the baptismal font set up, as well as the Thulbabrücke with the wayside shrine, and the Romanesque round arches and columns of the church were probably replaced by the wide, Gothic pointed arches in his time. Provost Otto Heinrich von Calenberg started major renovations in 1625. A new belfry and a new tower roof were built in the first year of his term of office. Four years later, the aisles were raised and the three roofs were unified, the upper cladding windows, which were now covered, were bricked up and the barrel ceiling of the central nave was converted into a flat ceiling. A round staircase was built in the north aisle to provide access to the tower and the attic. The superfluous side door to the former monastery was bricked up and a small hatch was built into the north ship wall. The crossing arches of the transepts were strengthened for a larger peal. In 1635 the entire roof structure of the north transept was replaced. The current appearance of the church is shaped by the renovations. Provost Calenberg coped with the material and financial burden during the Thirty Years' War , which was acute in this area around 1634-1641. In 1639 he found his grave in the church choir. His coat of arms is placed above the main portal. In 1655 the next provost Johann Michael von Hochstetten had the oldest bell still in existence today, which probably rang for the first time in 1659 with three others. Under Provost Boniface von Ramstein, the "High Altar" and the first organ were built around 1682.

In 1697 construction began on the new provost house, which was completed in 1706. For the provosts Otto Heinrich von Calenberg and Mauritius von Westphalen († 1721 during a mass), the following provost Franziskus von Calenberg had epitaphs built in the choir (today in the right aisle). From 1781 to 1783 Propst Adalbert von Harstall had the two outer walls of the nave and the gable above the main portal renewed. His coat of arms is on the side wall. He left Thulba in 1788 to become prince-bishop in Fulda and handed over his reign there to the state in 1802 because of the secularization of the monastery.

graveyard

In 1738, shortly after Provost Augustin von Bastheim took office, the plague broke out in the village. After the village pastor's death in the same year, the provost and the newly appointed chaplain Johann Heinrich Schrakowsky from Hammelburg moved the cemetery to the outskirts, because the dead from the subsidiary villages of Hetzlos, Frankenbrunn, Reith and Seßhof also had to be buried here. In addition to the year 1747, the cemetery cross also bears the names of the two donors.

Renovations in the 19th and 20th centuries

At the end of the 19th century, the demolition of the old church and a new building were considered. Pastor Adam Schmitt is considered to be the savior of the church after 1879. Extensive renovations took place during his tenure. The surrounding area was removed, the tower roof renewed and the sacristy expanded. The inner walls were given a historicizing look, the old organ from the 17th century made a new place on the widened gallery, the old altars were replaced by richly decorated, neo-Gothic in the style of the time, thus removing all traces of the Baroque period. However, the next "clearing out", 70 years later, removed and destroyed this outdated equipment.

  • Madonna from the left side altar

  • Trinity altar in the right transept

  • Pulpit from 1590

  • Baptismal font from 1601

Furnishing

Since the last major renovations from 1955 to 1966, during Pastor Alfred Hummel's time, and the last one from 1993 to 1994, the church has been light and sober. The mighty walls with over 1200 years of building history are plastered white and decorated with statues of saints from the 19th century. The new altar on a stone pedestal is still under the crossing in front of the choir and is complemented by an ambo in the same style. The modern tabernacle is centrally located on the choir wall.

In the left transept there is the altar of Mary with a statue of the Madonna from the 17th century. The right side altar, the Trinity altar, was decorated by sculptor Josef Ruppert from Hammelburg with figures from the former high altar from the 17th century, God the Father, Christ with the cross and Mary and the Holy Spirit floating above it on a ring of rays. The baroque figures had previously been bought back by private individuals.

The baptismal font in the choir from 1601 and the stone pulpit from 1590 with the relief figures of Andreas, Petrus, Jakobus and Johannes have been preserved. In front of the choir there are sandstone figures of Maria and Joseph from the 18th century on both sides. On the choir arch on stucco cartouches from the 18th century adorned with coats of arms of provosts and abbesses , the history of the monastery is recorded. The oak pews with the baroque heads have been replaced by modern rows of steel pews.

Bells

The oldest remaining bell was cast by Steffen Brunclert and Josef Arnold in 1655 and survived all wars. She was raised with probably three more in 1659. At the beginning of the First World War , the bells were melted down. On March 3, 1928, the church received three warrior bells as replacements and suffered the same fate during World War II . In 1953 Thulba received three new bells from the Karl Czudnochowsky bell foundry in Erding and in 1966 the fifth and largest bell from the Rudolf Perner foundry in Passau.

No. Surname Chime Weight diameter Casting year inscription
1 Big bell e´ b. erg. b. erg. 1966 b. erg.
2 Second bell G 900 kg 108 cm 1655 Maria vocor per me mala pellitur aura laudo deum verum sathanam fugo convoco plebem. - Mention of the bell founders
3 Marienbell a´ 377 kg 91 cm 1953 Queen of Peace, pray for us!
4th Lambertus bell H 274 kg 80 cm 1953 Holy Lambertus protect us. - Thulba's fallen sons in memory.
5 Trinity Bell d´´ 140 kg 67 cm 1953 I adore you, I praise you all the time, O most Holy Trinity.

  • St. Lambertus

  • St. Valentinus with an epileptic boy at his feet

  • St. Wendelinus

  • St. Sebastianus

literature

  • Renate Heil, Adalbert Köhler and Rev. Karl Theodor Mauer: Church leaders of the cath. Churches of the Thulba parish , EK Servive, Saarbrücken 2006
  • Adalbert Köhler: 1200 years of Thulba, history and stories , publisher of the festival committee "1200 years of Thulba", 1996
  • Alfred Hummel, Stöckner: 1150 years Thulba Parish 816-1966 , Thulba Catholic Parish Office 1966
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of German Art Monuments Bavaria I. Franconia , page 1021, ISBN 3-422-03051-4 *
  • Robert Kümmert : The bells of the Hammelburg district , Würzburg 1955

Web links

Commons : St. Lambertus (Thulba)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Friedrich von Thudichum: Sala. Sala-GAU. Lex Salica commission publisher of the JJ Heckenhauer'schen book and antiquarian bookshop, 1895
  2. ↑ Donation of the Hruodperahtes de Salagevve, page (119) 103-104
  3. ↑ Ernst Friedrich Johann Dronke (ed.): Codex diplomaticus Fuldensis Fischer, Cassel 1850–1862 (reprint: Zeller, Aalen 1962)
  4. ↑ Adalbert Köhler: 1200 years Thulba , page 85

Coordinates: 50 ° 10 ′ 46 ″  N , 9 ° 55 ′ 13 ″  E