Blankenau
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Blankenau
Municipality of Hosenfeld
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| Height : | 284 m above sea level NHN |
| Area : | 4.3 km² [LAGIS] |
| Residents : | 685 (Dec. 31, 2015) |
| Population density : | 159 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | December 31, 1971 |
| Postal code : | 36154 |
| Area code : | 06650 |
 The village of Blankenau in the background Hainzell
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Blankenau is one of the eight districts of the municipality of Hosenfeld in the Hessian district of Fulda in East Hesse , Germany. The village is rural.
geography
location
Blankenau, the center of which is 280 m above sea level. NHN Höhe is located in the west of the Fulda district directly on the border with the Vogelsbergkreis . Geographically, the village on the eastern foothills of the Vogelsberg to the Fuldaer Graben, which separates the Rhön and Vogelsberg from each other, is assigned to the "Fuldaer Vogelsberg". It is 19 km from the district town of Fulda . Blankenau is traversed by the Lüder tributary to the Fulda. The main parts of the Lüder / Schwarza floodplain lie in the Blankenau district in the Fulda floodplain network and are partially designated as a landscape protection area.
expansion
The district covers an area of 5.71 km² and has an area of 4.8 km in north-south direction and 5 km in east-west direction.
Neighboring places
Blankenau borders in the north on the district of Stockhausen der (Stadt Herbstein ) in the Vogelsbergkreis , in the east on the district Hainzell , in the south on the districts Schletzenhausen and Hosenfeld (district Fulda) and in the west on the districts Zahmen der (municipality Grebenhain ) and Schlechtenwegen der (Stadt Herbstein) (both also in the Vogelsbergkreis).
history
Blankenau is without a doubt the most historic place in the entire municipality. Historically, Blankenau was first mentioned in a document about the destruction of the Blankenwald castle in 1264.
It once supported a prehistoric ring wall system , which probably served to protect the local path that passed at this point , an early trade route coming from the Wetterau . Later the Blankenwald Castle of the Lords of Blankenwald, a sideline of the Lords of Schlitz , stood there . This castle was one of the most feared robber barons' nests in the Fulda region in the 13th century. The castle was therefore stormed and razed by the then Fulda abbot Bertho II von Leibolz in 1264. Remains of the former castle can still be seen today.
- In 1327 supporters of King Ludwig of Bavaria invade the Fulda monastery area and devastate a. a. also the Blankenau Abbey . In order to alleviate the resulting misery of the nuns, Pope John XXII. the incorporation of the parish Wingershausen near Nidda into the monastery .
- In 1525, when the Peasants' War began , the Blankenau monastery was also destroyed. Only a few nuns stayed in Blankenau in the following years.
- In 1656 the Blankenau provost's office was established.
- In 1811 the village of Blankenau had 52 fireplaces (houses) with 375 souls.
Church history / religion
Founding of a monastery
Hospital of the monastery
The St. Elisabeth Hospital, which was attached to the former monastery in 1287 , still exists today at St.-Elisabethen-Weg 5. It was taken over in 1919 by the nuns of the Order of the Vincentine Sisters of St. Vincent de Paul, with his motherhouse in Fulda , and until December 2012 supervised. Due to the last only low occupancy capacity (23 care places), the profitability was not permanently guaranteed. The parent company decided on a new facility with 60 places in Hosenfeld. The old and nursing home St. Elisabeth Blankenau was relocated to the core town of Hosenfeld in December 2012 and was inaugurated by the Bishop of Fulda Heinz Josef Algermissen as a follow-up facility on December 14, 2012 and was uninhabited until January 2016 due to a suitable subsequent use. In the meantime, the listed building was sold in 2015 by the order in private ownership. Since 2016 the former hospital has been inhabited by refugees from assigned refugee families from the Fulda district .
Post-monastery period and conversion to the provost's office
With the extinction of the monastery and the effects of the Council of Trento from 1545 to 1563, women's convents were only allowed to be built in "fortified cities". As early as 1420, Prince Abbot Johannes von Merlau had assigned the women's monasteries of the Fulda sovereign territory to manage secular affairs. After the dissolution of the monastery, a provost remained in Blankenau to administer the pastoral care and the extensive possessions. Around 1600 Blankenau was converted into a provost house.
In 1605 the " Amt Blankenau " is mentioned in the Turkish tax register of the prince abbey of Fulda , which also lists the payments of the subjects to the abbey as the "Fulda share" of the Turkish tax .
Thirty Years War (1618-1648)
The area of the Hochstift Fulda and Blankenau was not the main theater of war during the Thirty Years' War . Only three years later did he arrive in the Fulda area in 1621 with the Protestant mercenary groups of the Dudo von Knipshausen and the " Tollen Christian ". This looted and pillaged the lands set fire to churches and monasteries in Neuenberg and Johannesberg and demanding ransoms. Nevertheless, due to its location on the border between Catholic and Protestant countries and as a traffic junction between North and South, the region was badly affected by the war.
In 1622 the Freischarenführer, Duke Christian von Braunschweig, called the "great Christian", moved with his army from Fulda, which he could not capture, via Haimbach, Rodges, Hainzell and Blankenau towards the Wetterau. Blankenau in particular suffered from the looting of the passing mercenaries.
In the period that followed, five of the Blankenaus provosts ascended the princely throne in Fulda, two of whom achieved episcopal dignity. Until 1734, the Blankenau provosts were buried in the provost church (former monastery church) after their death. During the renovation of the church in 1960, the tombs were uncovered and the dead "recognized".
Around 1700 provost Bernard von Reinach (1699–1732) had the provost's palace, which still exists today, built according to the plans of the Franciscan architect Antonius Peyer from the Frauenberg monastery in Fulda.
The provosts of Blankenau
The list of provosts of the monastery in Blankenau is incomplete and can no longer be determined completely. During the document and historical research of the former monastery, the names of the people acting for the monastery are mentioned in a wide variety of documents. Due to the lack of precise records before 1565, historical research assumes that it is the respective provost of the monastery. Unless a precise period of the respective term of office of a provost is available, it is the year of the drafting of a document with the respective name. In Blankenau, the Blankenau Provost Office was responsible.
End of the provost's office
Provost Josef von Hettersdorf (1776–1802) experienced the abolition of the provost by Napoleon in 1802 . Blankenau then came with the entire area of the abbey of Fulda initially to the Prince of Orange, in the following period often changed political affiliation, in order to finally become the state domain of the Prussian state. After the domain was dissolved in 1906, the extensive estates were sold to the highest bidder in favor of the state. The Episcopal See in Fulda bought back the Propsteigebuilding, which has since been used as the apartment of the respective pastor and as a parsonage for the parish of St. Simon and Judas.
The former monastery and provost church remained with the Blankenauers as a Catholic parish church after the dissolution of the provost's office through secularization in 1802 and is still used today. In 1962, the church was completely renovated from a historical preservation point of view .
Restructuring and incorporation
Blankenau and the previously independent communities of Brandlos , Hainzell , Hosenfeld, Jossa , Pfaffenrod , Poppenrod and Schletzenhausen with the hamlet of Gersrod gave up their independence on December 31, 1971 and were incorporated into the existing community of Hosenfeld as part of the regional reform in Hesse .
Population development
As of December 31, 2005, Blankenau had a total of 784 residents (main and secondary residence). Of these, 647 belong to the Catholic and 80 to the Protestant denomination. 56 profess to others or to no religious community. Further information on the population development of the place can be seen in the table "Population development" under the same heading for the community of Hosenfeld from 1939 onwards and provides information on the development of the place.
politics
Post war until 1973
After the end of the Second World War in 1945, the political decisions in Blankenau were initially made by the American military government. With the nationwide denazification , all functionaries such as teachers, mayors, officials of the former Nazi dictatorship and many others in Blankenau were checked for their political past and party membership in the NSDAP . In Blankenau, the then mayor Leo Schlitzer remained in office until July 1946, before the local council elected Josef Dietz as the new mayor in a meeting on September 10, 1946. He held this office under the most difficult of circumstances (housing 210 refugees and displaced persons) until the first democratic local elections in 1948. In this election, for the first time, the municipal council (municipal council) was re-elected by the population entitled to vote. After the first post-war parliament in Blankenau was constituted on May 27, 1948, the new honorary mayor was elected at the same meeting. This re-elected Josef Dietz as the first democratically elected post-war mayor of Blankenau. He was thus confirmed in his function. In the following local elections in 1948, 1952, 1956, 1960 and the subsequent mayoral elections (by the elected local council) he was re-elected. Josef Dietz managed the affairs of the community in the post-war years up to 1964. During his term of office, Blankenau experienced a period of upheaval and a new era, which was covered by numerous measures to improve the infrastructure. Among other things, the kindergarten, the school and the water supply were rebuilt.
In September 1964, Karl Faulstich was elected by the municipal council as the second mayor after the war. He held this office for eight years until the regional reform of the State of Hesse in 1972/73. Under Mayor Karl Faulstich, the improvement of the local infrastructure was continued.
Development since 1973
With the territorial reform in the state of Hesse and the incorporation of Blankenau into the new community of Hosenfeld on January 1, 1973, the mayor's office in Blankenau was lost and, in accordance with the legal situation, was replaced by a local mayor who is elected by the local advisory board. From this point on, the position of mayor was replaced by the elected full-time mayor of the new large community of Hosenfeld (see Mayor of Hosenfeld ).
Mayor and mayor of Blankenau since 1900
| title | Surname | from | to |
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| mayor | Weber, Boniface | 18 .. | 1901 |
| mayor | Kropp, Wilhelm | 1901 | 1908 |
| mayor | Appel, Philipp | 1908 | 1930 |
| mayor | Schlitzer, Leo | 1930 | 1946 |
| mayor | Dietz, Josef | 1946 | 1964 |
| mayor | Faulstich, Karl | 1964 | 1972 |
| Mayor | Schnabel, Willi | 1973 | 1981 |
| Mayor | Deigert, Waldemar | 1981 | 2001 |
| Mayor | Weber, Siegfried | 2001 | today |
Culture and infrastructure
Blankenau is with the parish church a place on the Bonifatius route and stamping point for the pilgrim pass .
Community facilities:
Picture gallery
The cemetery chapel
The Pietà in a grotto
The grave complex for the nuns of the hospital (old people's home) and pastors of Blankenau
The former monastery church is now the parish church
The necessary rural infrastructure represent the community center and affiliated Maltese garage of the local Maltese group safely. A children's playground for the smallest residents is attached to the village community center with the shooting range of the rifle club . A community freezer and a sports house with a football pitch. There is a community cemetery in the village. The local war memorial is located below the cemetery . There is also a fire department equipment house . Two village bakeries from the 19th century and a Maltese base in the former teacher's apartment of the former elementary school complete the offer. The operation of the local kindergarten ceased in 2018 due to a lack of children. The building at St. Elisabethenweg 4 next to the former hospital (old people's home) is to be sold.
Natural monuments
With the linden tree at the former administrative farm from 1744, there is a natural monument in the built-up area.
See also:
Disused natural monument "Herrgottseiche Blankenau"
An approximately 600 year old oak tree with a trunk circumference of 3.50 m in diameter stood on the site of today's "Herrgottseiche" until May 13, 1941. The ruined tree burned out by a lightning strike was replaced by a new plant in 1947.
Wayside shrines
Picture gallery
Hosenfelder Weg / corner of Friedberger Strasse
Blankenauer Straße 12 between Hainzell and Blankenau
Base inscription
The Boniface shrine on Propsteiplatz
Lüdertalstrasse 8
Lüdertalstrasse 28
literature
- Reinhold Reuss: Blankenau. A chronicle in words and pictures . Blankenau 1986
- Association of Heimatfreunde Blankenau 1959 e. V. (Ed.): Blankenau. History and stories . Fulda 1999
- Stefan Arend : The dialect of Blankenau in 1880. A look at the German language atlas. In: Yearbook of the District of Fulda 2000, Volume 27, pp. 143–150.
- Anna Bálint: Castles, palaces and historical aristocratic residences in the Höxter district. Ed .: District of Höxter. Höxter 2002, ISBN 3-00-009356-7 , pp. 40-41.
Web links
- Internet presence of the municipality of Hosenfeld
- Blankenau, district of Fulda. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of November 7, 2016). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- History of Blankenau on the website of "Heimatfreunde Blankenau"
- Literature about Blankenau in the Hessian Bibliography
- former Provost Office Blankenau at Welt-der-Wappen: Description and photos, focus on heraldry
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population statistics of the community of Hosenfeld , accessed in December 2016.
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 394 .
Blankenau | Fireless | Hainzell | District of Hosenfeld | Jossa | Pfaffenrod | Poppenrod | Schletzenhausen with Gersrod