Blankenau monastery
| Blankenau monastery | |
|---|---|
 Former monastery church and today's parish church from the monastery garden with former monastery wall from the south. In the background on the right the provost castle |
|
| location | Propsteiplatz 1 |
| Lies in the diocese | Diocese of Fulda |
| Coordinates: | 50 ° 32 '36.2 " N , 9 ° 28' 17.7" E |
| Patronage | St. Simon and Judas Mother of God Mary |
| founding year | 1265 by Benedictine nuns, after 1331 Cistercian nuns |
| Mother monastery | Benedictine monastery Cruceburg (Kreuzburg) on the Werra, today's Philippsthal near Bad Hersfeld |
The monastery Blankenau is a former Benedictine - convent in Blankenau , community Hosenfeld in osthessischen district of Fulda in Hesse .
history
The castle of the Lords of Blankenwald, a sideline of the Lords of Schlitz , was one of the most feared robber barons' nests in the Fulda region in the 13th century. Prince Abbot Bertho II had Blankenwald Castle stormed and razed in 1264.
Historical research shows that knight Hermann von Schlitz called Blankenwald and his wife Agnes had to make amends. With the consent of the Fulda abbot Bertho II von Leibolz, he founded a women's monastery in 1265 at the foot of the razed hill castle "Blankenburg" in the valley of the Schwarza, which he called "Blankenaue" (Blankenau Abbey). His daughter Lukardis was to enter this monastery. He wanted to find a final resting place with his wife in the monastery church.
In the deed of foundation it is stated that in the place of the monastery there used to be a village called "Staken", which had become a deserted settlement . The new monastery was settled by nuns from the Benedictine monastery Cruceburg (Kreuzburg) on the Werra , which is now Philippsthal near Bad Hersfeld , which was founded in 1191 . The nuns, whose number was fixed at 32, were to live in Blankenau according to the Reformed rule of Saint Benedict . They wore a habit .
- In 1268 Abbot Bertho von Leibolz gave the newly founded monastery his own property in Besges with "2 mans" from monastery property
On April 5, 1266, the Archbishop of Mainz, Werner von Eppstein, approved the foundation of the monastery. The Fulda prince abbot Bertho II von Leibolz confirmed the possessions of the Blankenau monastery in 1269. He exempted it from taxes and took it under his protection.
The stones and beams of Blankenwald Castle, which was destroyed in 1264, were also used to build the monastery, which stood south of today's church . The construction of the monastery probably dragged on because in 1276 the Würzburg prince-bishop Berthold II von Sternberg granted an indulgence in favor of the Blankenau monastery. The first abbess of the monastery was called Bertradis and was a sister of the Fulda prince abbot Bertho II. Von Leibolz .
- In 1279 Simon von Blankenwald and his mother Agnes donated income from a hoof to the monastery in the village of "Heinchelle" ( Hainzell ).
- In 1281 the abbess Kunigunde of the Cruceburg (Kreuzburg) monastery recommended the re-establishment of the monastery in Blankenau to Count Reinhard von Hanau and his wife Adelheid .
- In 1287 the abbess Bertradis founded the hospital in honor of St. Elisabeth to cultivate piety and merciful neighborly love.
- In 1303 Simon von Blankenwald bequeathed his village of Hainzell to the monastery.
- In 1327 supporters of King Ludwig of Bavaria invade the Fulda monastery area. They also devastate the Blankenau monastery, among others. In order to alleviate the suffering of the nuns, Pope John XXII. the incorporation of the parish Wingershausen near Nidda into the monastery .
- In 1331 it was already Cistercian women who had settled in the monastery, as a document says.
- In 1436 the Blankenau nunnery was placed under the protection of the church at the Synod of Basel .
- In the plague of 1438, 33 nuns died in the monastery.
- In 1443 Abbot Hermann von Buchenau (1440–1449) with the Blankenau monastery exchanged his court in Sickels (Sibigeldes) for farms and lands at Bernhard's .
- Destroyed in the Peasants' War in 1525 and rebuilt in 1620.
The provosts of Blankenau
The list of provosts of the monastery in Blankenau is incomplete and can no longer be determined completely. During the document and historical research of the former monastery, the names of the people acting for the monastery are mentioned in a wide variety of documents. Due to the lack of precise records before 1565, historical research assumes that it is the respective provost of the monastery. Unless a precise period of the respective term of office of a provost is available, it is the year of the drafting of a document with the respective name.
| Surname | from | to | More functions | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Theodoric | ? | ? | ||
| Albert von Buchenau | 1290 | 1304 | ||
| Heinrich | 1312 and 1314 | ? | ||
| Friedrich | 1319 | ? | ||
| Albert von der Aa | 1322 | ? | ||
| Theodoric | 1340 | ? | ||
| Sibold | 1348 | ? | ||
| Albert von Waldenstein | 1349 | ? | ||
| Konrad von Lüder | 1352 | ? | ||
| Herting | 1353 | ? | ||
| Volpert von Schleidsberg | 1364 | ? | ||
| Friedrich von Bimbach | 1366 and 1372 | ? | ||
| Sibold von Wambold | 1365 and 1380 | ? | ||
| Eckhard von Lüder | 1381 | ? | ||
| Berthold von Leibolz | 1390 and 1398 | ? | ||
| Konrad on the mountain | 1402 | ? | ||
| Johannes von Buchenau | 1410 | 1426 | ||
| Johann Fink von Altenburg | 1428 | 1434 | ||
| Hartmann from Lauberbach | 1435 | 1438 | ||
| Otto von Lüder | 1441 and 1473 | ? | ||
| Otto von Buchenau | 1478 and 1485 | ? | ||
| Johannes Weis of Feuerbach | 1492 | ? | ||
| Eberhard von Buches | ? | ? | His name appears on April 14, 1502 in the document approving the Stegmühle in Hainzell.
In it are listed Probst Ebert of the book , Abbess Anna , prioress Elysabet and the convent of the monastery Blankenaue than the Wigand Morn, whose wife Margaret and two heirs permission to build a grinding , impact and Walkmühle issue. |
|
| John of Ertal | 1521 and 1525 | ? | ||
| Boniface von Heideck | 1526 | ? | ||
| Phillipp Schad from Ostheim | 1565 | 1581 | ||
| Kaspar von Wildungen | 1581 | 1601 | ||
| Johann Friedrich von Schwalbach | 1601 | 1606 | before provost of Michaelsberg, overlapping Andreasberg, provost of Johannesberg, prince abbot of Fulda from 1606 to 1622 | |
| Reinhard Ludwig von Dallwig | 1606 | 1613 | temporarily provost of Thulba and Holzkirchen and Johannesberg | |
| Johann Bernhard Schenck zu Schweinsberg | 1614 | 1623 | then provost on the Johannesberg, previously provost on the Michaelsberg and on the Neuenberg, prince abbot of Fulda from 1623 to 1632 | |
| Hermann Georg von Neuhof (called Ley) | 1625 | 1638 | Prince Abbot of Fulda from 1635 to 1644, also provost of Johannesberg, Holzkirchen and Rohr | |
| Bernard Hermann von Nordek zu Rabenau | 1638 | 1645 | before provost from Michaelsberg | |
| Philipp Chrostoph von Rosenbach | 1660 | 1681 | ||
| Adalbert von Schleifras | 1682 | 1683 | before and overlapping provost vom Michaelsberg, then provost vom Neuenberg and dean, and finally prince abbot of Fulda from 1700 to 1714 | |
| Benedikt von Rosenbusch | 1685 | 1687 | then provost in Thulba and from Johannesberg and finally from Andreasberg | |
| Aemilian von Riedheim | 1688 | 1699 | ||
| Bernard von Reinach | 1699 | 1732 | previously provost in Holzkirchen | |
| Franz von Calenberg | 1732 | 1734 | before that provost in Thulba | |
| Adalbert von Walderdorff | 1734 | 1757 | Prince-Bishop of Fulda from 1757 to 1759 | |
| Konstantin Schütz von Holzhausen | 1757 | 1758 | Provost of the Propstei Petersberg and auxiliary bishop in Fulda | |
| Lothar von Hohenfeld | 1758 | 1765 | before that provost in Sannerz, then on the Johannesberg near Fulda | |
| Philipp von Hettersdorf | 1765 | 1775 | ||
| Casimir von Gebsattel | 1775 | 1776 | ||
| Joseph von Hettersdorf | 1776 | 1802 | Due to the secularization of the last provost of Blankenau |
End of the abbey and the monastery
Discipline in the monastery seemed to have waned in the early 15th century. Prince Abbot Johann I von Merlau ordered two visitors in 1420 and introduced new and stricter statutes. In 1436 the monastery was placed under the special protection of the church at the Synod of Basel . In 1438 the plague wiped out a large part of the convent (33 nuns). In the Peasants' War and the beginning of the Reformation in 1525 the monastery church and monastery building , which was on the south side of today's church (former monastery church), were almost destroyed. Some of the nuns left the monastery. In 1565 the convent had three nuns and an abbess named Ursula.
At that time, Balthasar von Dernbach was Prince Abbot of Fulda. He initiated the Counter Reformation and in 1571 called Jesuits to Fulda to found a school and colleges. The procedure met with resistance in the collegiate chapter , the Fulda magistrate and the Buchischen knighthood . He was repeatedly threatened with deportation by force. Finally, the knighthood allied itself with the Würzburg bishop. His deposition succeeded in 1576. In Hammelburg he was forced to sign his own letter of abdication. In 1576 von Dermbach went into exile and was represented by the Archbishop of Würzburg Julius Echter von Mespelbrunn as administrator until 1602. In the meantime, after 300 years of existence, the Blankenau women's monastery died out in 1579, as there were no offspring from the aristocratic families that had mostly become evangelicals during the Reformation.
In the eventful history of the monastery, the monastery was headed by 16 abbesses. The property of the monastery formed the provost office Blankenau .
Hospital of the monastery
The St. Elisabeth Hospital, which was attached to the then monastery in 1287 , continued to exist as a foundation over the years. In 1919 it was taken over again by the nuns of the Order of the Sisters of Mercy , with its motherhouse in Fulda, and continued and looked after until December 2012. Due to the low occupancy capacity (23 care places), the profitability was no longer guaranteed in the long term. The parent company decided on a new facility with 60 places in Hosenfeld. The retirement and nursing home St. Elisabeth Blankenau was relocated to the core town of Hosenfeld in December 2012 and was inaugurated on December 14, 2012 as a follow-up facility "St. Elisabeth Hosenfeld Hosenfeld" in Herrleinweg 5 by the Bishop of Fulda Heinz Josef Algermissen . The hospital building was uninhabited until January 2016 due to a suitable subsequent use and was sold by the order in 2015. Since January 2016, it has been used as an emergency shelter for asylum seekers who were referred to the Fulda district by the Darmstadt Regional Council.
- Pictures of the former monastery and later Blankenau priory
Access to the former monastery garden, right. The access on the left was created during the land consolidation in order to design the prop part place
The monastery church and today's cath. Parish church (with remains of the monastery - behind the church)
View from the former monastery garden
Entrance portal to the monastery and the provost house
Entrance to the former Propsteigebuilding and today's cath. Rectory
Exterior view of the Propstei
Inner courtyard of the Propstei
View of the provost's office behind the former monastery wall
Post-monastery period and conversion to the provost's office
With the extinction of the monastery and the effects of the Council of Trento 1545–1563, women's convents were only allowed to be built in “fortified cities”. Since 1420 the convents of the Fulda territory by Prince Abbot were John of Merleau provosts added for the management of worldly affairs. After the dissolution of the monastery, a provost remained in Blankenau to administer the pastoral care and the extensive possessions. Around 1600 the Blankenau monastery was converted into a provost's office. In the period that followed, five of the Blankenaus provosts ascended the princely throne in Fulda, two of whom achieved episcopal dignity. Until 1734, the Blankenau provosts were buried in the provost church (former monastery church) after their death. During the renovation of the church in 1960, the tombs were uncovered and the dead "recognized".
In 1700, the Blankenau provost Bernard von Reinach (1699–1732) had the provost castle, which still exists today, built by the Frauenberg monastery in Fulda according to the plans of the Franciscan architect Antonius Peyer .
East side of the Blankenau Provost Castle
Entrance to the former monastery district with the monastery church and Blankenau provost office
literature
- Josef Leinweber (†) u. Johannes Burkardt, Blankenau . In: The Benedictine monasteries and nunneries in Hesse (Germania Benedictina VII), in connection with Regina Elisabeth Schwerdtfeger arr. v. Friedhelm Jürgensmeier and Franziskus Büll, EOS Verlag, St. Ottilien 2004, pp. 57–65.
Web links
- Blankenau Abbey on heimatfreunde-blankenau.de
- The history of Blankenau from 1265 to today on blankenau750.de
- Blankenau, Benedictine convent, Fulda district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- former Provost Office Blankenau at Welt-der-Wappen: Description and photos, focus on heraldry