Tame

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Tame
Municipality Grebenhain
Coordinates: 50 ° 30 ′ 45 "  N , 9 ° 25 ′ 57"  E
Height : 369 m
Area : 4.62 km²
Residents : 123  (December 31, 2016)
Population density : 27 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st February 1971
Incorporated into: Steigertal
Postal code : 36355
Area code : 06644
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Zahmen is a district of the Grebenhain community in the Vogelsberg district in Central Hesse .

geography

Zahmen is located in the eastern Vogelsberg at an altitude of 369  m above sea level. NN . The district of Zahmen has an area of ​​462 hectares. Today 240 hectares are still used for agriculture, 163 hectares of which are meadows and 54 hectares of arable land. The forest area is 196 hectares, the location and other areas such as paths, waterways and regional roads 49 hectares. The Moosbach flows through the village, which flows into the Lüder north of Zahmen before the boundary with Blankenau in the Fulda district . North of Zahmen lies the 454 m high Steiger , from which the name Steigertal was derived in the early 20th century and which was then widely used by the municipality of the same name.

history

The three districts of the short-lived municipality of Steigertal (Zahmen, Wünsch-Moos , Heisters ) have numerous historical similarities. The eponymous mountain Steiger between Zahmen and Heisters is already mentioned in the boundary description of the parish of Crainfeld from 1011 as a border point under the name Steigira . Although none of the three localities is named in this document, it can be assumed that they already existed at this point in time.

The first written mention of Zahmen can be found in a document about the donation of goods to the Blankenau monastery from 1285 as Zamen . In the Middle Ages, the village was initially owned by the Lords of Blankenwald, a sideline of the Lords of Schlitz , as a Fulda fief . Their ancestral castle, Burg Blankenwald, was above the neighboring town of Blankenau, which was only founded after its destruction by the Fulda prince abbot Bertho II von Leibolz in 1264. Within the domain of the Lords of Blankenwald, Zahmen as well as Heisters and Wünsch-Moos belonged to the Schlechtenwegen court. In 1338 it came to the Lords of Eisenbach . With their extinction in the male line, the Schlechtenwegen court and with it Zahmen fell to the Riedesel in 1428. In 1680 the seat of the court was moved from Schlechtenwegen to Altenschlirf .

In the Middle Ages, the village of Niebels was located near today's boundary between Zahmen and Blankenau . It is the first time in 1377 as Lyboldes and in a deed of the monastery Blankenau of 1455 as Nybolcz mentioned. The village became deserted due to the late medieval agricultural crisis , but possibly also as a result of a feud between the Riedeseln and the Fulda Abbey . During this feud in 1467, the Riedeselian courts Moos and Schlechtenwegen, including the village of Zahmen, were burned down. The rights of the Blankenau and Neuenberg provosts in the court of Schlechtenwegen, including those in Zahmen, remained in place until 1525. After the German Peasants' War , however, the Riedesel took advantage of the interim weakness of the prince abbey and withdrew their feudal rule and a considerable part of their property rights without authorization.

During the Thirty Years War , 30 people died of the plague in Zahmen in 1629 , after it was brought in by the mercenary troops passing through.

The children from Zahmen first attended the school established in 1540 in the parish of Nieder-Moos . It was not until 1698 that Zahmen received its own schoolmaster, but in the absence of a school building of its own, lessons were initially held in turn in the schoolchildren's houses. In 1783, the municipality of Zahmen built its own school building, today's old school, as one of the first branches of the parish of Nieder-Moos .

As a result of the mediatization at the end of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation in 1806, the rule of Riedesel was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Zahmen has been Hessian since this year and was initially administered as part of the Altenschlirf office. After the new Hessian municipal code and district code came into force in 1821, Zahmen initially belonged to the Herbstein district (from 1825 Lauterbach district). In 1848 the village became part of the short-lived Alsfeld administrative district and after its dissolution in 1852 it became part of the Lauterbach district .

Because of its small population, the municipality of Zahmen did not have its own mayor after the Hessian municipal code of 1821 came into force, but formed a joint mayor's office with the neighboring communities of Heisters, Wünsch-Moos and Steinfurt . The official name was the mayor's office in Steinfurt . After this place had received its own mayor in 1865, the name was changed to Heisters mayor . In 1894 a resident of Zahmen was elected mayor for the first time, after this position had always been held by a local citizen of Heisters. Although all mayors came from Zahmen until 1971, the official name of Heisters mayor was retained.

The world wars and their consequences

During the First World War , 12 soldiers fell out of control or went missing. During the Second World War , Zahmen had 4 fallen and missing people to complain about, plus 43 relatives of the displaced persons who had come to the village after 1946 .

In 1911 the local water pipeline was built based on the example of the neighboring community of Heisters. At the beginning of the 1920s, the three municipalities of the Heisters mayor's office planned to build a small dam to impound the Lüder north of Zahmen in order to be able to operate a hydroelectric power station to supply the three places with electricity. However, these plans were not implemented. Instead, Zahmen was connected to the power grid of the Oberhessen overland plant in 1923 . In 1963 the water supply was completely renewed, with the communities of Heisters and Zahmen building a joint pumping station with an elevated tank.

School and education after 1945

1953-1954 a new school house for the communities Zahmen and Wünsch-Moos (whose school had been closed in 1922) was built on the outskirts of Zahmen nach Wünsch-Moos. However, it was only used as such for a decade and a half, as the single-class elementary school in Zahmen had to be closed in 1969 as a result of the school reform in Hesse in favor of the new central school ( Oberwaldschule ) in Grebenhain. The new school in Zahmen was then converted into a village community center by 1972 .

After the regional reform came into force, the through-road was converted from 1975 to 1977, combined with a partial relocation of the district road , and from 1983 to 1984 the village community center was expanded to include an extension with a fire station . From 1994 to 1996 a communal sewage treatment plant was built for the districts of Heisters, Metzlos, Metzlos-Gehaag, Wünschmoos and Zahmen. In 1999, the three former districts of Steigertal were included in the Hessian village renewal program , under which Zahmen was funded until 2010. At the same time, the Zahmen thoroughfare was rebuilt in 2008. In 2009 the village community center, which was renovated as part of the village renewal, was inaugurated.

Reorganization

In the initial phase of the regional reform in Hesse , the municipalities of Zahmen, Wünsch-Moos and Heisters decided to join forces on a voluntary basis and on the basis of the long-standing ties through the mayor's association to form a common municipality. Thus, on February 1, 1971, the municipality of Steigertal was founded. However, the hopes of avoiding affiliation with one of the large municipalities planned as part of the regional reform in this way were not fulfilled. After only one and a half years, on August 1, 1972, due to a law, the municipality of Steigertal was incorporated into the large municipality of Grebenhain and at the same time incorporated into the newly formed Vogelsbergkreis. What has remained, however, is the joint mayor district of the districts Zahmen, Wünsch-Moos and Heisters.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Zahmen was located or the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Law

Substantive law

In Zahmen, the Riedesel'schen ordinances from the 18th century were regarded as particular law . The Common Law applied only to the extent those regulations did not contain provisions. Theoretically, this special right retained its validity even while it belonged to the Grand Duchy of Hesse in the 19th century, but only individual provisions were used in judicial practice. The particular law was replaced on January 1, 1900 by the civil code that was uniformly valid throughout the German Empire .

Court constitution since 1803

In the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt , the judicial system was reorganized in an executive order of December 9, 1803. The “Hofgericht Gießen” was set up as a court of second instance for the province of Upper Hesse . The jurisdiction of the first instance was carried out by the offices or landlords and thus from 1806 the " Riedeselsche Patrimonialgericht Altenschlirf" was responsible for taming . The court court was the second instance court for normal civil disputes, and the first instance for civil family law cases and criminal cases. The superior court of appeal in Darmstadt was superordinate .

With the establishment of the Grand Duchy of Hesse in 1806, this function was retained, while the tasks of the first instance were transferred to the newly created regional courts in 1821 as part of the separation of jurisdiction and administration. "Landgericht Altenschlirf" was therefore from 1821 to 1853 the name of the first instance court in Altenschlierf, which was responsible for Zahmen. In 1853 the regional court was moved to Herbstein.

On the occasion of the introduction of the Courts Constitution Act with effect from October 1, 1879, as a result of which the previous grand ducal Hessian regional courts were replaced by local courts in the same place, while the newly created regional courts now functioned as higher courts, the name was changed to the Herbstein Local Court and assigned to the district of the regional court Pouring . From 1943 the Herbstein District Court was only operated as a branch of the Lauterbach District Court before it was finally dissolved in 1968 and added to the Lauterbach District Court area. In the Federal Republic of Germany, the superordinate instances are the Marburg Regional Court , the Frankfurt am Main Higher Regional Court and the Federal Court of Justice as the last instance.

Population development

 Source: Historical local dictionary

  • 1961: 166 Protestant (= 92.22%) and 14 (= 7.78%) Catholic residents
Tame: Population from 1834 to 1970
year     Residents
1834
  
 197
1840
  
 201
1846
  
 198
1852
  
 207
1858
  
 199
1864
  
 220
1871
  
 206
1875
  
 211
1885
  
 213
1895
  
 214
1905
  
 202
1910
  
 209
1925
  
 179
1939
  
 158
1946
  
 241
1950
  
 222
1956
  
 183
1961
  
 180
1967
  
 175
1970
  
 166
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Other sources:

religion

Originally Zahmen belonged to the parish of Crainfeld, founded in 1011.

In 1524, however, the parish villages in the area of ​​Riedesel zu Eisenbach were separated from the mother church in Hesse and elevated to the status of an independent parish of Nieder-Moos. In 1528 the Reformation was introduced in the newly founded parish. Zahmen remained purely Protestant until 1945. The village never had its own church, people always attended services in the mother church in Nieder-Moos or in the branch church in the neighboring village of Heisters.

politics

The joint mayor of Zahmen, Wünsch-Moos and Heisters is Bernhard Simon (as of 2016) .

Culture and sights

societies

The club life of Zahmen is closely linked to that of Heisters and Wünsch-Moos, due to the long period of the joint mayor's office and the Steigertal community. The following associations exist (year of foundation in brackets):

Buildings

The village bakery in Zahmen
The former school from 1783 on today's Schulberg

The listed old school is a landmark of Zahmen and was probably built in the middle of the 18th century in half-timbered construction with a crooked hip roof and ridge turret. The bell dates from 1884. Until the opening of the new school , today's DGH, in 1954, the building served as a school for the local single-class elementary school. Then in 1955 it was sold to the evangelical parish Nieder-Moos, which then used the building as a youth care home. It has been privately owned since 1973.

Economy and Infrastructure

The originally agricultural village of Zahmen is now almost a place of residence for commuters . Since 2013, a wind farm with originally up to eight and finally three wind turbines in the districts of Zahmen, Metzlos-Gehaag and Metzlos near the border with the district of Fulda has been in the planning stage. It was supposed to be operated by HessenEnergie, a subsidiary of OVAG . However, due to the deletion of the priority area Werschbach there from the subregional energy plan for Central Hesse at the end of 2016, the wind farm could no longer be realized, which is why the planning was discontinued.

The district road 250 leads through Zahmen from Nieder-Moos to the border with the district of Fulda, where it continues as district road 97 to Blankenau. Above the village, the district road 91 beginning in Crainfeld joins the K 250.

literature

Web links

Commons : Tame  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Zahmen, Vogelsbergkreis. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of March 23, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ a b Information on the districts. In: Website of the municipality of Grebenhain. Retrieved January 21, 2018 .
  3. ^ Municipal reform: mergers and integration of municipalities from January 20, 1971 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 6 , p. 248 , point 328, paragraph 50 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 6.2 MB ]).
  4. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 367 and 368 .
  5. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  6. ↑ Wilhelm von der Nahmer: Handbuch des Rheinischen Particular-Rechts: Development of the territorial and constitutional relations of the German states on both banks of the Rhine: from the first beginning of the French Revolution up to the most recent times . tape 3 . Sauerländer, Frankfurt am Main 1832, OCLC 165696316 , p. 23 ( online at google books ).
  7. ↑ Latest countries and ethnology. A geographical reader for all stands. Kur-Hessen, Hessen-Darmstadt and the free cities. tape  22 . Weimar 1821, p. 411 ( online at Google Books ).
  8. ↑ Arthur Benno Schmidt : The historical foundations of civil law in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Curt von Münchow, Giessen 1893, p. 29, note 92 and p. 103, note 14.
  9. ^ Ordinance on the implementation of the German Courts Constitution Act and the Introductory Act to the Courts Constitution Act of May 14, 1879 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1879 no. 15 , p. 197–211 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 17.8 MB ]).
  10. ↑ No wind turbines in the "Werschbach". In: Lauterbacher Anzeiger. March 1, 2017, accessed March 2, 2017 .