Bannerod

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Bannerod
Municipality Grebenhain
Coordinates: 50 ° 30 ′ 6 ″  N , 9 ° 23 ′ 19 ″  E
Height : 415 m above sea level NN
Area : 3.51 km²
Residents : 116  (December 31, 2016)
Population density : 33 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1971
Postal code : 36355
Area code : 06644

Bannerod is a district of the municipality of Grebenhain in the Vogelsberg district in Central Hesse .

geography

Bannerod is located on the eastern plateau of the Hohe Vogelsberg at an altitude of 415  m above sea level. NN . The Lüder flows through the village , in the valley of which it is located.

history

Bannerod was probably created between 1000 and 1200 in connection with the increasing clearing and land development in the Vogelsberg area during the high Middle Ages . It belonged to the possession of the Fulda monastery and came as a fief in the late Middle Ages into the possession of the neighboring knight families such as the Count von Schlitz and from 1428 the Riedesel . Until the end of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation and the mediatization in 1806, Bannerod was part of the imperial knighthood state of the Riedesel and belonged to the Schlechtenwegen court .

Bannerod is mentioned for the first time in a document in a wisdom of the Schlechtenwegen court from 1418 about fishing rights in the Lüder as Benrode .

Old school house in Bannerod, 2013

The Banneröder children first attended the parish school in Nieder-Moos, which was built in 1540, before their own school was set up at the beginning of the 18th century. The old half-timbered schoolhouse, which is still preserved today , was built in 1808.

In 1680 the seat of the Riedeselian court responsible for Bannerod was moved to Altenschlirf .

After centuries of Riedesel rule, Bannerod came to the Grand Duchy of Hesse in 1806 . Until the revolution of 1848, however, the Riedeseln still had judicial and police sovereignty , as well as supervision of the church and school. In 1817 the Banneröder land register was drawn up. After the new Hessian municipal code came into force in 1821, the traditional Riedeselian court organization was abolished and the Altenschlirf court was dissolved. An elected mayor took the place of the previous mayor. The Bannerod community formed with the neighboring community of Vaitshain and, from 1887, also with Nösberts and Weidmoos, a mayors' association with a joint mayor. This existed until 1908, when all the municipalities mentioned received their own mayor.

In the 19th century, life in Bannerod was at times marked by great poverty, as domestic linen weaving collapsed due to industrial competition and agriculture was dominated by small farmers. Mainly due to the emigration to North America, the population decreased from 195 to 152 after 1850 and thus by more than a fifth.

In 1911 the water pipeline was built and in 1923 it was connected to the power grid of the Oberhessen overland plant . In 1967 a new elevated tank was built and in 1969 land consolidation was carried out in the Bannerod district .

In the First World War , Bannerod had 11 dead and 3 missing. In the Second World War 8 native Banneröder fell as soldiers. The evacuees and displaced persons who came to Bannerod after the war lost two relatives as dead.

Territorial reform

Due to the administrative reform in Hesse , the community Bannerod concluded with ten neighboring communities 31 December 1971 on the newly formed greater community together Grebenhain. Since August 1, 1972, the place has also been part of the then newly formed Vogelsberg district . The one-class elementary school in town had to be closed in 1966 as a result of the school reform in Hesse in favor of the new central school ( Oberwaldschule ) in Grebenhain .

After the regional reform came into force, the fire station was built in 1976 and a sewage treatment plant was built in 1986 .

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Bannerod was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Law

Substantive law

In Bannerod, the Riedesel'schen ordinances were regarded as particular law . The Common Law applied only to the extent those regulations did not contain provisions. Theoretically, this special right retained its validity even while it belonged to the Grand Duchy of Hesse in the 19th century, but only individual provisions were used in judicial practice. The particular law was replaced on January 1, 1900 by the civil code that was uniformly valid throughout the German Empire .

Court constitution since 1803

In the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt , the judicial system was reorganized in an executive order of December 9, 1803. The “Hofgericht Gießen” was set up as a court of second instance for the province of Upper Hesse . The jurisdiction of the first instance was carried out by the offices or landlords and so from 1806 the " Riedeselsche Patrimonialgericht Altenschlirf" was responsible for Bannerod . The court court was the second instance court for normal civil disputes, and the first instance for civil family law cases and criminal cases. The superior court of appeal in Darmstadt was superordinate .

With the establishment of the Grand Duchy of Hesse in 1806, this function was retained, while the tasks of the first instance were transferred to the newly created regional courts in 1821 as part of the separation of jurisdiction and administration. "Landgericht Altenschlirf" was therefore from 1821 to 1853 the name of the court of first instance in Altenschlierf, which was responsible for Bannerod. In 1853 the regional court was moved to Herbstein.

On the occasion of the introduction of the Courts Constitution Act with effect from October 1, 1879, as a result of which the previous grand ducal Hessian regional courts were replaced by local courts in the same place, while the newly created regional courts now functioned as higher courts, the name was changed to the Herbstein Local Court and assigned to the district of the regional court Pouring . From 1943 the Herbstein District Court was only operated as a branch of the Lauterbach District Court before it was finally dissolved in 1968 and added to the Lauterbach District Court area. In the Federal Republic of Germany, the superordinate instances are the Marburg Regional Court , the Frankfurt am Main Higher Regional Court and the Federal Court of Justice as the last instance.

Population development

 Source: Historical local dictionary

  • 1961: 156 Protestant (= 100.00%) residents
Bannerod: Population from 1834 to 1970
year     Residents
1834
  
 190
1840
  
 180
1846
  
 169
1852
  
 152
1858
  
 186
1864
  
 204
1871
  
 172
1875
  
 171
1885
  
 165
1895
  
 195
1905
  
 199
1910
  
 178
1925
  
 176
1939
  
 174
1946
  
 236
1950
  
 211
1956
  
 164
1961
  
 156
1967
  
 161
1970
  
 166
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Other sources:

religion

Bannerod originally belonged to the parish of Crainfeld, founded in 1011 . In 1524, the villages in Mooser Grund in the area of ​​Riedesel zu Eisenbach were separated from the mother church in Crainfeld, which was in Hesse, and an independent parish of Nieder-Moos was formed. Bannerod belongs to him to this day. In 1528 the Riedesel introduced the Reformation in the Nieder-Moos parish . Until 1945 Bannerod was therefore purely Protestant. The village never had its own church.

politics

The head of Bannerod is Anja Gärtner (as of 2016) .

Culture and sights

societies

The following associations exist in Bannerod (founding years in brackets):

Architectural monuments

Half-timbered house Lüdertalstrasse 1

Like almost all Vogelsberg villages up to the time of the economic miracle , Bannerod was characterized exclusively by half-timbered farmhouses in the form of the Vogelsberg single house typical of the region. However, most of these have since been modernized or replaced by new buildings.

The half-timbered house Lüdertalstrasse 1 , which was probably built around 1700, should be emphasized . The former village school, built in 1808, is also a half-timbered building, but its bell tower was removed after the school closed.

economy

Economic structure

Until the Second World War, Bannerod, like most of the other Vogelsberg villages, was predominantly a village characterized by agriculture and handicrafts. In 1959, 85% of the economic structure of the local population was divided into agriculture and forestry, 10.8% into industry and handicrafts and 4.2% into trade and transport. Until 1849 Bannerod had a community farm . Only then was the operation of private inns permitted. Bannerod still had two inns in the 1970s. Since the 1950s, Bannerod has increasingly been transformed into an almost pure commuter residence . In the course of extreme structural change in agriculture, almost all farms gradually gave up. Today the local residents commute to jobs in Grebenhain or neighboring communities, sometimes as far as the Rhine-Main area .

traffic

Bannerod never had a rail connection and is not on any national trunk road. There is a connection to the federal highway 275 via the district roads 90 and 91 .

literature

  • Karl-Heinz Winter: Village chronicle of Bannerod , Bannerod 1990

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Bannerod, Vogelsbergkreis. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of April 17, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ a b Information on the districts. In: Website of the municipality of Grebenhain. Retrieved January 21, 2018 .
  3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 368 .
  4. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  5. ↑ Wilhelm von der Nahmer: Handbuch des Rheinischen Particular-Rechts: Development of the territorial and constitutional relations of the German states on both banks of the Rhine: from the first beginning of the French Revolution up to the most recent times . tape 3 . Sauerländer, Frankfurt am Main 1832, OCLC 165696316 , p. 23 ( online at google books ).
  6. ↑ Latest countries and ethnology. A geographical reader for all stands. Kur-Hessen, Hessen-Darmstadt and the free cities. tape  22 . Weimar 1821, p. 411 ( online at Google Books ).
  7. ↑ Arthur Benno Schmidt : The historical foundations of civil law in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Curt von Münchow, Giessen 1893, p. 29, note 92 and p. 103, note 14.
  8. ^ Ordinance on the implementation of the German Courts Constitution Act and the Introductory Act to the Courts Constitution Act of May 14, 1879 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1879 no. 15 , p. 197–211 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 17.8 MB ]).