Clump of bellflower

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Clump of bellflower
Cluster bellflower (Campanula glomerata)

Cluster bellflower ( Campanula glomerata )

Systematics
Asterids
Euasterids II
Order : Astern-like (Asterales)
Family : Bellflower family (Campanulaceae)
Genre : Bluebells ( campanula )
Type : Clump of bellflower
Scientific name
Campanula glomerata
L.

The cluster bellflower ( Campanula glomerata ), also known as cluster bellflower , is a species from the genus bellflowers ( Campanula ) in the bellflower family (Campanulaceae).

description

Ball-bellflower ( Campanula glomerata ) on the Swabian Alb
pollination

The cluster bellflower is a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 30 to 60 centimeters. The stem is angular, stiff and tinged with reddish, the basal leaves are stretched heart-shaped, the seated stem leaves broadly lanceolate and rough. The leaves are glabrous, their edge serrate or notched.

The flowers are in a dense cluster of up to 20 flowers at the end of the stem and in the upper leaf axils and are about 2 to 3 cm in size. The flower color is dark purple, white forms are rarely found. The petals are lashed long on the edge, there are three scars . The fruit is an upright capsule with capsule pores on its underside.

The flowering period extends from June to September.

The species chromosome number is 2n = 30 or 34.

Occurrence

The cluster bellflower occurs from Europe to Mongolia, the Caucasus and Iran . It colonizes dry and semi-arid grasslands and perennial borders in semi-sunny locations. In Central Europe it is a Festuco Brometea species. The subspecies Mealy Bellflower is a character species of the order Origanetalia. It likes to grow on summer-warm, moderately fresh, nutrient-rich, preferably calcareous, loose loam soils and roots there up to 50 cm deep.

In the Allgäu Alps, it rises in Vorarlberg on the Tristenkopf near the winter shrub up to 1700 m above sea level.

Systematics

There are about 15 subspecies:

  • Campanula glomerata subsp. caucasica (Trautv.) Ogan. : It occurs from northeastern Turkey to the Caucasus.
  • Bristly cluster bellflower ( Campanula glomerata subsp. Cervicarioides (Schult.) Arcang. ): It occurs in southern Europe and north to the western Alps.
  • Campanula glomerata subsp. daqingshanica D.Y. Hong & YZZhao : It occurs in Inner Mongolia.
  • Campanula glomerata subsp. elliptica (Kit. ex Schult.) Kirschl. (Syn .: Campanula elliptica Kit. Ex Schult. ): It occurs from Italy and Serbia to the Carpathian Mountains.
  • Mealy cluster bellflower ( Campanula glomerata subsp. Farinosa (Rochel ex Besser) Kirschl. ): It occurs from the Alps to Eastern Europe and Kazakhstan.
  • Campanula glomerata subsp. glomerata : It occurs from Europe to China.
  • Campanula glomerata subsp. hispida (Witasek) Hayek : It occurs from the northern Balkan Peninsula to Iran.
  • Campanula glomerata subsp. krylovii Olonova : Your home is western Siberia.
  • Campanula glomerata subsp. oblongifolia (Kharadze) Fed. : It occurs from eastern Turkey to northeastern Iran.
  • Campanula glomerata subsp. oblongifolioides (Galushko) ogan. : Your home is the Caucasus.
  • Campanula glomerata subsp. panjutinii (Kolak.) Victorov (Syn .: Campanula panjutinii Kolak. ): The homeland is the western Transcaucasia.
  • Late knot bellflower ( Campanula glomerata subsp. Serotina (Wettst.) O.Schwarz ; Syn .: Campanula serotina Wettst. ): Home is Tyrol and South Tyrol.
  • Campanula glomerata subsp. speciosa (Hornem. ex Spreng.) Domin : It occurs from southern Siberia to Japan.
  • Campanula glomerata subsp. subcapitata (Popov) Fed. : The home is the Eastern Carpathians.
  • Campanula glomerata subsp. symphytifolia (Albov) Ogan. : The homeland is the western Transcaucasia.

Common names

The other German-language trivial names exist or existed for the knot bellflower, in some cases only regionally : Büschelglocken ( Silesia ), Foxglove flower ( Eifel , Nuremberg ), Glöcklein ( Switzerland ) and Zafleinkraut (Switzerland).

literature

  • Hans Simon (Ed.): The free-range ornamental shrubs. Manual and lexicon of garden perennials . Founded by Leo Jelitto, Wilhelm Schacht. 5th completely revised edition. tape 1 : A-H . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2002, ISBN 3-8001-3265-6 , pp. 180 .
  • Erich Götz: Identify plants with the computer. Flora of Germany . CD-ROM. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8252-8168-X .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Stuttgart, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 2001. Page 892. ISBN 3-8001-3131-5
  2. ↑ Species profile at FloraWeb.
  3. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 550.
  4. ↑ Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Campanula - data sheet at World Checklist of Selected Plant Families of the Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Last accessed on August 7, 2015.
  5. ↑ a b David Aeschimann, Konrad Lauber, Daniel Martin Moser, Jean-Paul Theurillat: Flora alpina . Volumes 1 and 2. Bern, Stuttgart, Vienna Haupt-Verlag, 2004. ISBN 3-258-06600-0
  6. ^ Georg August Pritzel , Carl Jessen : The German folk names of plants. New contribution to the German linguistic treasure. Philipp Cohen, Hannover 1882, page 75. ( online ).

Web links

Commons : Ball-bellflower ( Campanula glomerata )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files