Bulbous comfrey
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Bulbous comfrey ( Symphytum bulbosum ) |
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The bulbous comfrey or small-flowered comfrey ( Symphytum bulbosum ) is a plant from the family of the predatory plants (Boraginaceae). It is native to the Mediterranean area and only naturalized in a few places in southwest Germany .
description
Vegetative characteristics
The tuber comfrey grows as a perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 15 to 50 centimeters. There are offshoots formed. Roundish tubers sit on the thin rhizomes as persistence organs , which have led to the common names Knollen-Comfrey and specific epithet bulbosum . In contrast to the common comfrey , the rough, hairy, oval and lanceolate, pointed leaves do not run down the stem .
Generative characteristics
The flowering time in Central Europe is between May and June, in the Mediterranean area it begins from March. The flowers are about 1 inch long. The petals are pale yellow. The gullet scales, which are found in many predatory leaf plants, are white here and protrude from the corolla . The very similar knot comfrey ( Symphytum tuberosum ) has larger flowers from which the pharyngeal scales do not protrude.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 84.
Occurrence and endangerment
The tuber comfrey occurs mainly in the northeastern Mediterranean and the Balkans . In the west their area extends to southern France , Corsica and Sardinia , in the south to Turkey . In Germany it is introduced only in a few places in Baden-Württemberg . In Austria it colonizes all federal states as a naturalized species.
The tuber comfrey thrives on fresh, nutrient-rich and mostly low-lime, sandy or pure clay or loam soils . It grows in warm, partially shaded locations on the edges of forests, near rivers or streams, in parks or gardens. It occurs in Aegopodion societies in southern Germany, but thrives in fresh Orno-Ostryon societies in its homeland in south-eastern Europe.
In Baden-Württemberg, the tuber comfrey is listed as endangered on the Red List of Endangered Plant Species.
swell
- Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora . With the collaboration of Theo Müller. 7th, revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1994, ISBN 3-8252-1828-7 .
- Werner Rothmaler: Excursion flora for the areas of the GDR and the FRG . Volume 2: Vascular Plants, 14th Edition. People and knowledge, Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-060-12539-2 .
- Otto Schmeil , Jost Fitschen, Werner Rauh: Flora of Germany and its adjacent areas . 84th edition, Quelle & Meyer, Heidelberg 1968.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 788 .
- ^ Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 695 .
- ↑ Lost and Endangered Plants in Baden-Württemberg Red List of Ferns and Flowering Plants (2nd version. As of May 1, 1983); Internet processing: April 19, 1997, Stephan Schöbel.
Web links
- Pointer values according to ELLENBERG - Symphytum bulbosum .
- Symphytum bulbosum Schimp., Tuber Comfrey. In: FloraWeb.de.
- Bulbous comfrey . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
- Symphytum bulbosum KF chimp. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved February 10, 2016.
- Thomas Meyer: Comfrey data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia ).