Coming Hesel

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The Heseler Vorwerk (2012).

The Coming Hesel (also called Hesel Monastery ) was an East Frisian order house of the Johanniter . It was located southwest of Hesel in the Moormerland and was first mentioned in a document in 1319 in the so-called Groninger settlement , incorporated in Hasselt in 1495 , but mentioned as an independent commander in 1499 .

history

Little is known about the story of the Coming. The archive and library were lost after the Reformation and the desolation of the order settlement has not yet been archaeologically examined. It was first mentioned in a document in 1319 in the so-called Groninger comparison. It is not known whether the name of the house, Holse , goes back to the neighboring Holtland , or whether it was named after the village of Hesel. It is possible that it and the associated land passed to the Order of St. John in 1290, when they bought the village of Hesel from the Werden monastery . The church of the convent stood on the site of today's Heseler Vorwerk . It was probably a granite ashlar church that was built before 1250. It had a cruciform floor plan, which was closed with a semicircular apse to the east.

The economic base of the coming was modest. The surrounding lands consisted mainly of ash or sandy forest soils, as well as low-lying lands that were often flooded. The yields remained correspondingly low. Possibly that is why the house and its Vorwerk in Stikelkamp were incorporated in Hasselt in 1495. But it is still mentioned in 1499 as an independent coming.

After the Reformation , all Johanniter branches in East Friesland were expropriated by the counts . The counts apparently used an older sovereign protective power over the order, which in 1549 led to several trials before the Imperial Court of Justice.

On September 3, 1574, both parties agreed on a settlement. The then ruling Countess of East Friesland Anna had to return the monastic estates Langholt and Hasselt "with all the works, validities, pensions and other accessories". These were then given by the order, represented by the Johanniter Commandery in Burgsteinfurt , to hereditary tenants and later sold to them. However, the buildings deteriorated more and more and were partly used as a quarry. The last structural remains of the church in the Heseler Vorwerk were removed in 1852. Today nothing is left of what is to come.

literature

  • Marc Sgonina: Hesel . In: Josef Dolle with the collaboration of Dennis Kniehauer (Ed.): Lower Saxony Monastery Book. Directory of the monasteries, monasteries, comedians and beguinages in Lower Saxony and Bremen from the beginnings to 1810 . Part 2, Bielefeld 2012, ISBN 3-89534-958-5 , pp. 649–650.
  • Enno Schöningh: The Order of St. John in Ostfriesland , vol. LIV in the series of treatises and lectures on the history of East Friesland (published by the East Frisian landscape in connection with the Lower Saxony State Archives Aurich), Aurich 1973.
  • Franz Körholz (Ed.): The land register of the Werden abbey an der Ruhr , Bonn 1950.
  • Hemmo Suur: History of the former monasteries in the province of East Friesland: An attempt . Hahn, Emden 1838, p. 121 (reprint of the edition from 1838, Verlag Martin Sendet, Niederwalluf 1971, ISBN 3-500-23690-1 ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Marc Sgonina: Hesel . In: Josef Dolle with the collaboration of Dennis Kniehauer (Ed.): Lower Saxony Monastery Book. Directory of the monasteries, monasteries, comedians and beguinages in Lower Saxony and Bremen from the beginnings to 1810 . Part 2, Bielefeld 2012, ISBN 3-89534-958-5 , pp. 649–650.
  2. ^ Heinrich Schmidt: Political history of East Frisia . Rautenberg, Leer 1975 (Ostfriesland in the protection of the dike, vol. 5), p. 171.
  3. ↑ Ortschronisten der Ostfriesischen Landschaft: Langholt, municipality Ostrhauderfehn, district Leer (PDF; 553 kB).
  4. ↑ Paul Weßels (local chronicle of the East Frisian landscape): Hesel, Samtgemeinde Hesel, district of Leer (PDF; 911 kB), accessed on October 13, 2012.

Coordinates: 53 ° 18 ′ 10.2 "  N , 7 ° 35 ′ 10.7"  E