Coming Jemgum

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The Coming Jemgum was a branch of the Order of St. John . It was in the west of today's village of Jemgum in East Friesland . With her extensive land holdings, the Kommende occupied a prominent position among the East Frisian houses of the order. Jemgum has probably been a double since it was founded, even if the existence of nuns has only been assured since 1456.

history

Johanniter from the Kommende Steinfurt founded the branch in Jemgum as a double monastery around the middle of the 13th century . The settlement is possibly related to the fifth crusade , during which the Frisians learned to appreciate the work of the order and the Johanniter had given donations for it before 1240. The coming one was thus one of the oldest of the Order of St. John in East Friesland. It was first mentioned in a document in 1284/85. At that time, the Commander-in-Chief of Steinfurt acquired the rights to the church of Holtgaste for the coming and had an outwork built there. Originally the property was probably very small. However, this was gradually expanded considerably. The location on the Ems also favored economic growth. The livestock industry was probably the main source of income for the coming.

Jemgum gradually developed a prominent position among the East Frisian comedians. The Jemgum Komtur was the only East Frisian order representative who participated in the settlement of a dispute between Groningen and Friesland in 1338. Jemgum also provided the Frisian Commissioner twice. In 1401, the parish church in Jemgum was incorporated with all of its lands. In 1482 Jemgum hosted the Frisian provincial chapter, the assembly of all Frisian committees.

Nuns are first mentioned in Jemgum in 1456. In 1496 (around 1500) the monastery is said to have been moved to the Jemgumkloster, three kilometers away. After the introduction of the Reformation, the Church of St. John in Jemgum stood empty. In 1528 the East Frisian Count Enno II appropriated Jemgum as well as the other branches of the Order of St. John in East Frisia. During the first battle of Jemgum , soldiers of the Duke of Geldern set fire to the coming and drove out the last remaining religious, who then fled to the coming moo . Former inmates from Jemgum up to 1540 can be traced there. Muhde also took over the preserved works in Holtgaste, but sold it in 1561.

Buildings

The oldest parts of the Holtgast church date from the 13th century, when it was sold to the future.

The monastery church was probably built in the 13th century. Another chapel maintained the monastery in the village. This was ceded to the parish of Jemgum in 1402 with the condition that the monastery should no longer contribute anything to the maintenance of this church. There are indications that there was a sister house for the nuns in the immediate vicinity of the monastery complex, which was spatially clearly separated from the priest's house of the coming. A Vorwerk is occupied for Holtgaste .

The order church next to the sister house was probably built in the 13th century.

The former chapel, which was handed over to the Jemgum parish in 1402, is now part of the Reformed Church . It was rebuilt after a fire in 1930 and burned down again on May 12, 2004. In the same year, the building was restored in the expressionist style of 1930.

The Liudgeri Church in Holtgaste, a Benedictine building from the first half of the 13th century, was sold in 1284 by the Bishop of Münster to the Order of St. John, who then took over the canonical direction. Later the church belonged to the Propstei Hatzum in the diocese of Münster .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Marc Sgonina: Jemgum - Johanniter-Doppelkommende . In: Josef Dolle with the collaboration of Dennis Kniehauer (Ed.): Lower Saxony Monastery Book. Directory of the monasteries, monasteries, comedians and beguinages in Lower Saxony and Bremen from the beginnings to 1810 . Part 1-4. Bielefeld 2012, ISBN 3-89534-956-9 . Pp. 1-3.
  2. ↑ a b Gerhard Streich: Monasteries, stifts and comers in Lower Saxony before the Reformation in: Publications of the Historical Commission for Lower Saxony and Bremen ;, 2, Studies and preliminary work for the Historical Atlas of Lower Saxony ;, Issue 30, Hanover 1986 ISBN 3-7848-2005 -0 , p. 96
  3. ↑ a b Gerhard Kronsweide, local chronicle of the East Frisian landscape: Jemgum, community Jemgum, district Leer (PDF; 553 kB).
  4. ^ Hemmo Suur: History of the former monasteries in the province of East Friesland , Emden 1838, p. 118.


Coordinates: 53 ° 15 ′ 52.4 "  N , 7 ° 23 ′ 15.2"  E