Crime-laden place

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A crime- laden place (abbreviation: kbO ) is a geographically defined area in Berlin in the parlance of the Berlin police , in which crimes of considerable importance such as robbery , arson , dangerous physical harm , pickpockets in the context of organized crime or drug trafficking are committed. The police are empowered to act regardless of suspicion at locations with high levels of crimeChecking identification documents and searching people and property. In other federal states there are sometimes similar legal constructions of a “dangerous place”, each with different names.

history

The classification as places prone to crime , previously called dangerous places , has been taking place in Berlin since 1994. A corresponding categorization is based on the joint assessment of the State Office of Criminal Investigation , the Justice Council and the Chief of Police's staff . The boundaries of the affected areas are checked at least once a month and adapted to the current situation.

The number of kbOs fluctuated between 20 and 25 until 2014. In the following, the number of areas assessed in this way fell to eight at last (as of June 2018) because the criteria for classification as kbO no longer met when assessed under strict criteria were. The police union demanded in June 2017 that more areas should be classified as organic again.

For tactical reasons and in order not to unnecessarily stigmatize the area, the list of places exposed to crime was not kept public. In 2014, the then police chief Klaus Kandt confirmed the decision of the Berlin police not to publish the list of the kbO. Mentioning the locations would also have "no informational value or practical use for the general public". The SPD and CDU coalition parties at the time agreed with this assessment , while Die Linke and the Pirate Party came out in favor of abolishing the list due to the risk of racial profiling . Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen questioned the usefulness of the list and asked for its publication and evaluation . In mid-2017, the red-red-green coalition decided to publish the places classified as having a high crime rate. In order to prevent criminals from evading suspicion-independent control, for example by changing the side of the street, the exact boundaries of the crime-prone locations are still not publicly named.

From 2005 to 2016 there was a comparable regulation in Hamburg, the corresponding locations were named danger areas .

Legal bases

The corresponding provisions that regulate the police's special right to intervene in these locations are set out in Paragraphs 21, 34 and 35 of the General Safety and Order Act (ASOG).

Current list of kbO

As of February 2019, the Berlin police carried out the following kbO:

In May 2018, the Kleine Tiergarten and Leopoldplatz were removed from the list, since the end of January 2019 Schöneberg-Nord in the area of Nollendorfplatz and parts of the so-called “Regenbogenkiez” is no longer classified as organic. The number and severity of the offenses identified there had fallen below the specified threshold.

criticism

According to Ullrich and Tullney, places designated as dangerous are “not necessarily objectively dangerous, but rather the product of complex processes of visualization, thematization and thus ultimately the social construction of threats”. For example, according to the authors, in addition to fighting and preventing crime, it is also about creating order against “political and subcultural dissidence ”. Your criticism is also directed at the media:

"The tabloid press in particular repeatedly picks up on the 'dangerous places', occasionally simplifying the complex social contexts into horror scenarios, not infrequently mixed with racist and classicist undertones - and thus reacts on the one hand to police classifications, on the other hand, intensifies the associated discourses of danger."

- Peter Ullrich, Marco Tullney

The introduction of a locally bound general suspicion fits "seamlessly into general tendencies of legal development and in particular criminal policy in the 'security society' [...] or the 'culture of control' [...]", so part of Ullrich's conclusion and Tullney.

literature

  • Peter Ullrich , Marco Tullney: The construction of 'dangerous places'. A problematization with examples from Berlin and Leipzig . In: Sozialraum.de . tape 4 , no. 2 , 2012 ( Sozialraum.de [accessed on November 13, 2018]).
  • Peer Stolle, Ronald Hefendehl: Dangerous places or dangerous cameras? Video surveillance in public spaces . In: Criminological Journal . tape 34 , 2002, ISSN  0341-1966 , p. 257-272 .
  • Bernd Belina, Jan Wehrheim: 'Danger areas'. By abstracting from the social to reproduce social structures . In: Social Problems . tape 23 , 2011, ISSN  0939-608X , p. 207-230 .
  • Author collective Gras & Beton: Dangerous Places. Out and about in Kreuzberg . Association A, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-86241-463-5 .

See also

Web links

  • Crime Atlas Berlin 2015 (PDF; 17800 KB) In: berlin.de. The police chief in Berlin, 2015, accessed on November 13, 2018 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e berlin.de: Crime- laden places in Berlin , accessed on November 12, 2018.
  2. ↑ a b c d e Peter Ullrich , Marco Tullney: The construction of 'dangerous places'. A problematization with examples from Berlin and Leipzig . In: Sozialraum.de . tape  4 , no. 2 , 2012 ( Sozialraum.de [accessed on November 13, 2018]).
  3. ↑ a b c Hasan Gökkaya: Criticism of places exposed to crime . In: Der Tagesspiegel Online . June 8, 2017, ISSN  1865-2263 ( tagesspiegel.de [accessed October 12, 2018]).
  4. ↑ a b Jörn Hasselmann: Police do not want to publish a list of the most dangerous places . In: Der Tagesspiegel Online . January 31, 2014, ISSN  1865-2263 ( tagesspiegel.de [accessed October 12, 2018]).
  5. ↑ welt.de: Eight places with a lot of crime: mobile police stations are coming , June 11, 2018, accessed on November 12, 2018.
  6. ↑ a b berliner-zeitung.de: “Places with criminality” - The dealers are moving , June 11, 2018, accessed on November 12, 2018.
  7. ^ Red-red-green coalition agreement 2016. In: www.berlin.de. Retrieved October 12, 2018 .
  8. ↑ berliner-zeitung.de: Hohe Kriminalität - Police publishes list of the most dangerous places in Berlin , June 7, 2017, accessed on November 12, 2018.