László Makra

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László Makra

László Makra (born June 5, 1952 in Siklós , Hungary ) is a Hungarian climatologist and university professor . His area of research is the pollen climate, especially the study of the relationship climatic systems of ragweed pollen, as well as the investigation of the ratio of the concentration of pollen and the diseases of the respiratory tract .

Life

In 1970 Makra graduated from high school in Komló, then in 1971 he was enrolled at the Attila József University in Szeged , Faculty of Natural Sciences, specializing in mathematics and geography . Here he got his diploma in 1976. Then he became an assistant at the chair for climate science at the university. From 1996 he became a university lecturer there, and since 2015 he has been working at the Faculty of Agriculture of the University of Szeged , in the Institute for Management and Rural Development in Hódmezővásárhely . He has been a university lecturer since 2016.

He defended his doctoral thesis in 1978, his Ph.D. dissertation in 1995, and completed his habilitation in 2004 at the University of Debrecen . Study trips lasting several weeks took him to Indonesia ( Yogyakarta , 1989), China Beijing , 1993; Guangzhou (Canton), 1995 and the Czech Republic ( Brno , 1996). He is on the editorial board of several domestic periodicals; Editor of an international magazine; Member of the editorial board of seven international magazines and member of the executive board of the International Ragweed Society (2014–)

Research activity

His main area of ​​research is the background of aerosol and bio-aerosol, within the latter the climatic relationship system of pollen: pollen climatology. This is a relatively new field of science in the international literature, and in Hungary it is a completely new field. The research activity within pollen climatology is pollen statistics; modeling of pollen transport; the prediction of the pollen concentration; the study of pollen levels and respiratory diseases; the investigation of the climate sensitivity of various taxa; furthermore the expected pollen concentration in connection with the climate change.

Most significant results

Makra led successful instrumental field research expeditions in Central Asia (China, Xinjiang , 1990, 1994), Indonesia ( Java , Bali , 1996) and South America ( Brazil , 1998) to determine the regional background of the elemental composition of aerosol. He processed the air samples he collected with his colleagues from the Institute for Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in Debrecen.

Main results of the expeditions

1st and 2nd expedition in China (1990, 1994)

(a) the high sulfur and chlorine content of the regional aerosol is of natural origin ( rock salt , Glauber's salt , gypsum ), and this is the result of the extensive and intensive salt accumulation in the dry, drainless Tarim basin;
(b) The Si / Fe or Ca / Fe elementary ratios from the Takla Makan area can be used as markers for the long-term transport of the aerosol from Takla Makan for tracking purposes (see: “yellow wind” phenomenon over central and eastern China , "KOSA" - phenomenon over Japan , the Pacific Ocean , or over North America ).

Expedition to Indonesia (1996)

(a) Chlorine , sulfur , copper , zinc and chromium are significantly enriched in the atmospheric aerosol on both the island of Java and the island of Bali ;
(b) most of the chlorine is of oceanic origin (ocean spray);
(c) the sulfur is partly of anthropogenic origin, partly it comes from the biogenic emissions of the sea;
(d) Copper, zinc and chrome are believed to be the origin of the soil.

Pollen climatology

László Makra is the creator of Hungarian pollen climatology. He is an internationally recognized researcher on the transport of dust and bio-aerosol. He identified the most important source areas for long-distance pollen transport in the Carpathian Basin . He developed a method for separating dust and pollen in long-distance and regional transport, and also determined the relative quantities of transport components and net transport in the Carpathian Basin. In cooperation with national data carriers, he created the largest ragweed pollen databases in Europe to date, which formed the basis of the first comprehensive, continental ragweed pollen studies. With his colleagues, he developed several models for predicting the daily ragweed pollen forecast. The new methods in the literature have been applied to respiratory diseases based on the study of meteorological, chemical and biological variables. On the basis of the climate change predicted by the international specialist literature, he determined which taxa have a significant pollen-scattering increase in the Carpathian Basin. For the quantitative and phenological parameters he created the most comprehensive and detailed maps to date, and for the latter the first maps of Europe .

He is the author or co-author of more than three hundred scientific publications.

Main publications

  • Enrichment of desert soil elements in Takla Makan dust aerosol (co-author, 2002)
  • Meteorological variables connected with airborne ragweed pollen in Southern Hungary (co-author, 2004)
  • Selections from the history of environmental pollution, with special attention to air pollution (co-author, 2004)
  • The history and impacts of airborne Ambrosia (Asteraceae) pollen in Hungary (co-author, 2005)
  • Airborne pollen in three European cities: Detection of atmospheric circulation pathways by applying three-dimensional clustering of backward trajectories (co-author, 2010)
  • Forecasting ragweed pollen characteristics with nonparametric regression methods over the most polluted areas in Europe (co-author, 2011)
  • Monitoring the long-range transport effects on urban PM10 levels using 3D clusters of backward trajectories (co-author, 2011)
  • Multivariate analysis of respiratory problems and their connection with meteorological parameters and the main biological and chemical air pollutants (co-author, 2011)
  • Assessment of the Daily Ragweed Pollen Concentration with Previous-Day Meteorological Variables Using Regression and Quantile Regression Analysis for Szeged, Hungary (co-author, 2011)
  • Trends in the characteristics of allergenic pollen circulation in Central Europe based on the example of Szeged, Hungary (co-author, 2011)
  • Association of allergic asthma emergency room visits with the main biological and chemical air pollutants (co-author, 2012)
  • Climate sensitivity of allergenic taxa in Central Europe associated with new climate change - related forces (co-author, 2013)
  • Characterizing and evaluating the role of different transport modes on urban PM10 levels in two European cities using 3D clusters of backward trajectories (Mitverfasser, 2013)
  • Predicting daily ragweed pollen concentrations using computational intelligence techniques over two heavily polluted areas in Europe (co-author, 2014)
  • Association of allergic rhinitis or asthma with pollen and chemical pollutants in Szeged, Hungary, 1999-2007 (co-author, 2014)
  • Ragweed in Eastern Europe. Invasive Species and Global Climate Change (co-author, 2014)
  • A new approach used to explore associations of current Ambrosia pollen levels with current and past meteorological elements (co-author, 2015)
  • Anthropogenic Air Pollution in Ancient Times. History of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Toxicology in antiquity. (2015)
  • The history of ragweed in the world (co-author, 2015)
  • Modeling the introduction and spread of non-native species: International trade and climate change drive ragweed invasion (co-author, 2016)
  • Biogeographical estimates of allergenic pollen transport over regional scales: common ragweed and Szeged, Hungary as a test case (co-author, 2016)

Guest editorial

  • International Journal of Environment and Pollution, Special Issue: "Air Pollution" (2007-2009).

Member of the editorial board

  • Acta Climatologica et Chorologica, Universitatis Szegediensis (1995-)
  • International Journal of Biometeorology (2012)
  • Annals of West University of Timişoara, Series of Biology (Timişoara, Romania, 2013-)
  • Journal of Climatology (2013-)
  • Archives of Otolaryngology and Rhinology (2014-)
  • Science, Technology and Development (2015-)
  • Journal of Natural Products Research Updates (2015-)
  • Advances in Modern Oncology Research (2015-).

Awards, recognitions

  • Széchenyi István Scholarship (2001)
  • “Pro Meteorologie” commemorative plaque (2002)

literature

  • Szegedi egyetemi almanac: 1921-1995. I. köt. (1996). Szeged, Mészáros Rezső. 559 p. ISBN 963-482-037-9 Makra László Biographia see 362. p.

Web links

Commons : László Makra  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Title of the dissertation: "Secular time array and periodical components of large-scale weather situations in Hungary." József Attila University, Szeged, 1978.
  2. ^ Title of the dissertation: "Analysis of statistical characteristics of the sea-level pressure field for the whole Earth." József Attila University, Szeged, 1995.
  3. ↑ Title of the dissertation: "Regional and local scale air pollution researches." University of Debrecen; Debrecen, 2004.
  4. ↑ International Ragweed Society
  5. ↑ Public board member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences
  6. ↑ Gelencsér László, Az MTA doktora, egyetemi tanár: Bírálat Makra László "Különböző taxonok pollenjeinek complex statisztikai elemzése a meteorológiai elemekkel összeugtgésben, különék tekintezí ajlőte." Veszprém, 2013. január 11.
  7. ↑ Válasz Dr. Gelencsér András bírálatára, melyet a “Különböző taxonok pollenjeinek complex statisztikai elemzése a meteorológiai elemekkel összeugtgésben, különös tekintettel a parlagfű pollenjére” c. MTA doktori értekezésemre készített.
  8. ↑ Dr. Práger Tamás: HIVATALOS BÍRÁLAT Dr. Makra László a “Különböző taxonok pollenjeinek complex statisztikai elemzése a meteorológiai elemekkel összeugtgésben, különös tekintettel a parlagfű pollenjére” c. MTA doktori disszertációjáról. Szentendre, 2013. március 5.
  9. ↑ Makra László: Válasz Dr. Práger Tamás bírálatára, melyet a “Különböző taxonok pollenjeinek complex statisztikai elemzése a meteorológiai elemekkel összeugtgésben, különös tekintettel a parlagfű pollenjére” c. MTA doktori értekezésemre készített.
  10. ^ László Makra's publications , accessed on December 13, 2016.
  11. ↑ Lists see Curriculum Vitae, 2016
personal data
SURNAME Makra, László
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Hungarian climatologist and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH 5th June 1952
PLACE OF BIRTH Siklós , Hungary