Rural community (local government)
A rural municipality , also a rural municipality and a rural municipality , is a political municipality in a rural area or at least of a rural , i.e. not urban, character.
The term is used on the one hand generally as a description in the sense of " village " or largely unpopulated (" scenic ") or by suburban communities in the suburbs of a metropolitan area, on the other hand as a category under municipal law to distinguish it from rural , small , medium- sized and large cities .
National
Germany
Today, “rural community” is used to delimit the city and community typification of German spatial observation. Historically there were the following written forms:
- Rural community in Bavaria, historically
- Rural community (Hamburg) , historically
- Rural community (Hohenzollern) , historically
- Rural community (Mecklenburg) , historically
- Rural community (Oldenburg) , historically
- Rural community (Prussia) , historically
- Rural community (Saxony) , historically, according to the Saxon rural community code of 1838
- Parish land municipality in some areas of Schleswig-Holstein
- Rural community (Thuringia) according to the Thuringian municipal code
Austria
Municipalities in Austria that have not been elevated to urban or market municipalities ("simple" municipalities, occasionally also rural municipalities) do not officially have a special designation in Austria.
Switzerland
In Switzerland, a rural municipality is an independent political municipality that is located outside the city of the otherwise predominantly urban cantons of Switzerland.
This is to be distinguished from the concept of the Landsgemeinde , the assembly of the electorate of a canton, district or district, the root form of the Swiss direct democratic self-image.
Further terms used in rural communities
- Gmina wiejska in Poland
- Kinotita (Koinotita) in Cyprus, Greece (historical)
- Mura / Son村 in Japan
- Maalaiskunta in Finland (historical)
- Općina in Yugoslavia (historical), Croatia, Bosnia, Opština in Serbia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Občina in Slovenia (rural association municipality, partly historical or today general municipality term)
- Pagasts (Novads pagasti) in Latvia
- Rajono savivaldybės in Lithuania
- Selskoye posselenije in Russia
- Vald in Estonia