Larnax (genus)

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Larnax
Systematics
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Asterids
Euasterids I
Order : Nightshade (Solanales)
Family : Nightshade family (Solanaceae)
Genre : Larnax
Scientific name
Larnax
Miers

Larnax is a genus from the family of the nightshade family (Solanaceae), with about 16 types . The plants are mostly herbaceous, forming bushes or small trees. It is found in the mountainous and foothills of the wet forests of the Andes in South America, from Venezuela , Colombia and Ecuador to northern Peru .

description

Larnax are herbaceous or woody plants 0.5 to 2 (4) meter high, the stem axis is sometimes ribbed. The leaves are arranged alternately, narrowly ovate, elliptical to ovate, narrowly elliptical or rhombic-elliptical; the tip of the leaf is pointed, the base asymmetrical. The main leaves have a size of 8.5 to 15 (35) cm × 1.6 to 12 (15) cm; the stipules are (0.5) 2.5 to 5.5 (9) cm × (0.6) 2 to 4.8 cm in size. The petiole is usually (6) 10 to 12 (45) mm long, in exceptional cases significantly shorter (3 to 7 (10) mm).

The flowers usually appear in groups of 8 to 15 (30) in overgrown clusters, only rarely are fewer, sometimes even single flowers. The flowers are sometimes very small (4.6 to 7 mm long), but in some species they are also (8) 10 to 16 mm longer or even larger (13 to 22 mm). The petals are white, greenish, pale yellow or purple, sometimes with purple spots. The calyx is 1.5 to 3 mm long and cup or bell-shaped.

The fruits of the Larnax are berries , mostly round or flattened round, 7 to 12 (18) mm in diameter or more elliptical and 12 to 20 mm long. The juicy orange-red, red or greenish-yellow berries contain (30) 45 to 100 (150) kidney-shaped seeds with a size of (1.6) 2 to 2.8 (3.2) mm in diameter. The berries are completely enclosed by the enlarging, heart-shaped, bell-shaped or flattened, round calyx, which can either lie close to the berry or only loosely cover it.

Systematics

Within the genus Larnax , 26 validly described species are recognized:

Botanical history

The genus Larnax was proposed by John Miers in 1849 when he assigned the species previously described by Hipólito Ruiz López and José Antonio Pavón y Jiménez as Physalis subtriflora as Larnax subtriflora of the new genus. Initially, the genus status was not recognized, mainly because George Bentham saw it as a synonym for Athenaea and on the other hand Michel Félix Dunal united it with Withania . The genus was not reintroduced by Armando Hunziker until 1977 when he added three more to the three known species. Further species have been described since 1995, when previously unknown populations were found on extensive excursions through southern Ecuador and northern Peru. The genus status has long been questioned, often the genus has been assigned to the Deprea , but the majority of current authors recognize the validity of both genres.

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Individual evidence

Most of the information in this article has been taken from the sources given under literature; the following sources are also cited:

  1. ↑ Segundo Leiva González, Eric F. Rodríguez Rodríguez: Tres nuevas especies de Larnax (Miers) Hunziker (Solanaceae) del Departamento Amazonas, Perú . In: Arnaldoa , Volume 13, Issue 2, 2006. Pages 290-304.

literature

  • Armando T. Hunziker: The Genera of Solanaceae. ARG Gantner Verlag KG, Ruggell, Liechtenstein 2001, ISBN 3-904144-77-4 .