Deprea
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Deprea is a plant genus of the family of nightshade family (Solanaceae). The neotropically occurring genus consists of about six species.
description
Vegetative characteristics
The Deprea species are 0.6 to 2, rarely 4 m high herbaceous plants or shrubs . The shoot axes are hollow, straight to curved, strongly ribbed, hairless or provided with glandular or non-glandular trichomes .
The leaves are single, rarely in pairs, the leaf areas are usually small to medium-sized with an area of (2.1) 3.8 to 8.5 (10) × (1.2) 2.8 to 4.5 cm. Large leaves are only rarely found, they then have a leaf area of 11 to 16.5 × 4.5 to 8.5 cm. The leaves are ovate, elliptical or narrowly elliptical, membranous or leathery, hairless or hairy. The tip of the leaf is pointed or pointed, the base of the leaf descends on the petiole and is often asymmetrical. The petioles are usually short, 8-18 mm long, but also long and then with a length of up to 55 mm.
Flowers and inflorescences
The flowers are axillary, mostly in groups of 2 to 6, rarely also individually. The flower stalk is 10 to 45 mm long. The cup-shaped calyx is (3.2) 4 to 5 (8) mm long, the calyx tube is 2.5 to 3 times longer than the five adjoining calyx lobes. These are triangular, blunt, sometimes unequal, traversed by three large nerves, a main nerve and two secondary nerves, which in turn are connected by a network of tertiary nerves. The crown is funnel-shaped or urn-shaped, yellow, orange or completely purple due to pigments made from anthocyanins, or provided with points or spots. The five-fold crown is 9 to 16 (23) mm long, the corolla lobes are triangularly elongated and 1.5 to 3 times shorter than the corolla tube.
The anthers are fixed dorsally at the base, usually 0.8 to 1.8 (2) mm long, only in two ways are they slightly longer at 2 to 3 mm. The two counters of a dust bag are the same size, in the lower quarter they are separated from each other. The hairy or hairless stamens are usually 2.5 to 6 times longer than the anthers , with the exception of the species Deprea paneroi , in which the anthers are the same length or slightly shorter than the stamens. The gynoeceum is hairless, on the ovary there are clearly visible nectaries in a ring . The stylus is long, the scar is flattened, disk-shaped or slightly saddle-shaped.
Fruits and seeds
The fruits are multi-seeded, almost spherical berries with a diameter of 6 to 8 mm, sometimes more elongated with up to 8 mm in length. The calyx, which is 8 to 10 mm in diameter, is loosely placed around the berry. There are up to 45 stone cells in the pericarp of the berry, but they are also absent in some species. The seeds are almost kidney-shaped, indented, 1.75 to 2 mm or in some species 3.2 to 4 mm long. The seed surface is honeycomb, the embryo strongly curved, the cotyledons are shorter than the rest of the embryo.
Systematics
Six species are distinguished within the genus
- Deprea bitteriana (Werderm.) NWSawyer & Benítez
- Deprea cardenasiana Hunz.
- Deprea ecuatoriana Hunz. & Barboza
- Deprea nubicola N.W.Sawyer
- Deprea orinocensis (HBK) Raf.
- Deprea paneroi Benítez & M.Martínez
Botanical history
The genus Deprea was first described by Constantine S. Rafinesque-Schmaltz in 1838 , but the description was not recognized for a long time and was hardly distributed. It was not until 1973 that William D'Arcy re-introduced the genus, but stated that the genus could possibly be combined with the bladder cherries ( Physalis ). Later (1993) he proposed a union with the genus Larnax , but the genus is now considered to be independent.
A treatise on the taxonomy of the genus by Barboza and Armando Hunziker in 1994 recognized six species. The same authors described another species with Deprea ecuatoriana in 1996. In 1998, Neil Sawyer and Benítez de Rojas described Deprea bitteriana and at the same time made Deprea granulosa a synonym for Deprea orinocensis . In 2007, Neil Sawyer assigned two species that had previously been assigned to Deprea to the genus Larnax , followed in 2007 by Deprea nubicola, another species described by Sawyer.
literature
- Armando T. Hunziker: The Genera of Solanaceae. ARG Gantner Verlag KG, Ruggell, Liechtenstein 2001. ISBN 3-904144-77-4 .