Leiostyla anglica
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Leiostyla anglica |
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| ( A. Férussac , 1821) |
Leiostyla anglica is a terrestrial snail species from the family of lauriidae . The Lauriidae family belongs to the land snails (Stylommatophora).
features
The case is 3.1 to 3.7 mm high and 1.7 to 2.1 mm wide (thick). It is egg-shaped with a blunt apex. The 5 to 6½ turns are only slightly arched, the seam is not particularly pronounced. It is reddish-brown, the surface is matt and has very faint growth lines. The mouth is U-shaped with a rounded lower edge. The whitish edge of the mouth is thickened, especially in the middle of the outer lip, which is often slightly indented. Up to six lamellar teeth protrude into the mouth: an angular tooth, usually very clearly developed and connected to the outer lip, a parietal tooth, a columellar tooth and two palatal teeth, which extend into the last turn near the base.
The soft body of the animal is light, almost translucent, with a dark gray head and antennae. The upper antennae are long, the lower antennae very short, more like tubercles . In the male tract of the sexual apparatus, the thin sperm duct branches off from the egg duct (sperm duct) and opens apically into the very long epiphallus . This swells very quickly at the confluence of the vas deferens and then decreases again after about a quarter of the length of the epiphallus to less than half the diameter. A moderately long, thin, worm-shaped blind sac (penis caecum) attaches to the epiphallus / penis transition. After that, the penis first increases in thickness and then decreases again until the penile appendix branches off. After the branching off of the penile appendix, the penis swells again to form a spherical shape, only to decrease again to merge into the atrium. Overall, the epiphallus is almost twice as long as the penis. The penile appendix is extremely long, with a comparatively long, thickened basal part, a long, tortuous, thread-like central part and a slightly shorter, strongly thickened end part. In the female genital tract, the free fallopian tube is much longer than the short vagina. The stem of the sperm library is very long and strongly thickened in the upper part. The bladder extends to the protein gland and the sex gland.
Geographical distribution and habitat
The distribution of the species extends from Algeria , Madeira , western Spain and Portugal , western France (only one locality near Calais ) over the Channel Islands to England , Scotland and Ireland . Earlier records of the species from Bulgaria have turned out to be incorrect determinations.
The species prefers rather humid habitats in swamps and shady forests. In central and southern England, the species is even regarded as an indicator of original forest areas. It lives there in the leaf litter, under stones and in moss. The species seems to tolerate relatively high temperatures.
Taxonomy
The taxon was set up in 1821 by André Étienne d'Audebert de Férussac as Vertigo anglica . The type locality is Scarborough in Yorkshire, England. It is the best known species in the genus Leiostyla Lowe, 1852.
Hazard and protection
The populations of the species in central and southern England are in decline and endangered by deforestation of ancient forests. It is even more common in Cornwall , Wales , Northern England, Scotland and Ireland.
supporting documents
literature
- Michael P. Kerney, RAD Cameron & Jürgen H. Jungbluth: The land snails of Northern and Central Europe. 384 pp., Paul Parey, Hamburg & Berlin 1983 ISBN 3-490-17918-8
- Anatolij A. Schileyko: Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs, Part 1. Achatinellidae, Amastridae, Orculidae, Strobilopsidae, Spelaeodiscidae, Valloniidae, Cochlicopidae, Pupillidae, Chondrinidae, Pyramidulidae. Ruthenica, Supplement 2 (1) : 1–126, Moscow 1998 ISSN 0136-0027 (p. 83)
Individual evidence
- ^ AJ De Winter and TEJ Ripkent: Leiostyla anglica (Wood) on Madeira (Gastropoda Pulmonata, Pupillidae). Basteria, 53 (1-3): 47-48, 1989 ISSN 0005-6219
- ↑ Xavier Cucherat, Sylvain Demuynck: Catalog annote of Gastéropodes terrestres (Mollusca, Gastropoda) de la région Nord - Pas-de-Calais. Annotated checklist of the terrestrial gastropods (Mollusca, Gastropoda) from Nord - Pas-de-Calais region. MalaCo, 2: 40-91, 2006 PDF ( Memento of the original from July 21, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (P. 48)
- ↑ Atanas Irikov, Zoltán Eröss: An Updated and Annotated Checklist of Bulgarian Terrestrial Gastropods (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Folia Malacologica, 16 (4): 199-207, ISSN 1506-7629 PDF
- ↑ a b AnimalBase - Leiostyle anglica
- ↑ André Étienne d'Audebert de Férussac: Tableaux systématiques des animaux mollusques classés en familles naturelles, dans lesquels on a établi la concordance de tous les systèmes; suivis d'un prodrome général pour tous les mollusques terrestres ou fluviatiles, vivants ou fossiles. SI-XLVII, 1-27, 1-110, Paris, London, Bertrand & Sowerby, 1821–1822 [online at www.biodiversitylibrary.org] (p. 16)
On-line
Web links
- Molluscs of Central Europe
- Leiostyla anglica inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013.2. Posted by: Seddon, M., Killeen, I. & Moorkens, E., 2010. Retrieved February 16, 2014.