Leo Eitinger

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Leo Eitinger (born December 12, 1912 in Lomnitz , Moravia , Austria-Hungary ; died October 15, 1996 in Oslo ) was a Czechoslovak-Norwegian psychiatrist .

Life

Eitinger grew up in an Orthodox Jewish family and joined the socialist Zionists as a teenager. He studied Bohemian and German studies at the University of Brno, later medicine and philosophy, and after graduating in 1937 he was drafted into the Czechoslovak Air Force .

After the defeat of Czechoslovakia , he fled to Norway in November 1939 with the help of Odd Nansen and his Nansenhilfe . There she got a job in the psychiatric hospital of Bodø in Northern Norway. In April 1940 Norway was conquered by the German Wehrmacht , whereupon the occupation administration forbade him to practice medicine. Eitinger hid as a laborer in a mill in Nesjestranda on the Norwegian west coast, but he was imprisoned in March 1942 and deported to Auschwitz in February 1943 . At the end of the war he was liberated from the Buchenwald concentration camp , where other Norwegian concentration camp inmates had supported him. His father and sister were victims of the Holocaust . Of the total of 762 Norwegian Jews who were deported to the concentration camps, only 23 survived, Eitinger was one of them.

Eitinger returned to Norway, trained as a specialist in psychiatry, specialized in psychiatry after the extreme stress suffered by concentration camp inmates, and received his doctorate in 1958. Between 1952 and 1957 he was also the chief physician in the psychiatry of the Norwegian armed forces . From 1966 to 1983 he was Professor of Psychiatry at the University of Oslo and Director of the University Psychiatric Clinic. Eitinger played a major role in research into post-traumatic stress disorder . He later generalized his research approach and wrote articles for migration research : It can be stated without fear of exaggeration that dislocation - the moving from one place to another - is the basis of human civilization.

In 1978 he was appointed commander of the Royal Order of Saint Olav and received the Fritt Ord Prize in 1988 .

Eitinger was married to his childhood friend Lisl Kohn, who had fled to Sweden. In 1986, the University of Oslo endowed the Lisl and Leo Eitinger Prize for Human Rights (Universitetet i Oslos menneskerettighetspris), which was first awarded to Elie Wiesel , for their commitment against racism, for religious tolerance and for human rights .

Fonts

  • Leo Eitinger; Axel Strøm: Mortality and morbidity after excessive stress. A follow-up investigation of Norwegian concentration camp survivors , Oslo, Universitetsforlaget; New York, Humanities Press [1973].
  • Concentration camp survivors in Norway and Israel , Oslo, Universitetsforlaget [1964]
  • Studies in neuroses , Copenhagen: Munksgaard 1955
  • Leo Eitinger; Robert Krell; Miriam Rieck: The psychological and medical effects of concentration camps and related persecutions on survivors of the Holocaust: a research bibliography , Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 1985; first Ray D. Wolfe Center for Study of Psychological Stress, University of Haifa 1981.
  • Leo Eitinger; David Schwarz (Ed.): Strangers in the world , Bern [u. a.]: Huber, 1981.
  • Survival and long-term effects , Dachau: Verlag Dachauer Hefte, 1992.
  • with Hallvard Rieber-Mohn: Retten til å overleve. En bok om Israel, Norge og antisemittismen , 1976 ( The right to survive. A book about Israel, Norway and anti-Semitism )
  • Antisemitism in our time. A Threat against us all. Proceedings of the first international hearing on anti-Semitism. Oslo 7th-8th June 1983. Oslo: The Nansen Committee, 1984.
  • Leo Eitinger; Axel Strøm: Mennesker blant mennesker. En bok om anti-Semittism and foreign medhat. Oslo: Cappelen, 1985 ( People among people. A book on anti-Semitism and xenophobia )

literature

  • Uwe Henrik Peters : Psychiatry in exile: the emigration of dynamic psychiatry from Germany 1933–1939 , Kupka, Düsseldorf 1992, ISBN 3-926567-04-X .
  • Magne Skjæraasen: Lege for livet: en bok om Leo Eitinger . Oslo: Cappelen, 1988. ISBN 82-02-11952-9 [1] ( doctor for life )
  • Gertraud Rothlauf, From the shtetl to the polar circle. Jews and Judaism in Norwegian literature , Diss. Vienna 2009

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Uwe Henrik Peters: Psychiatry in Exile - the emigration of dynamic psychiatry from Germany 1933–1939 , p. 34.
  2. ↑ Oběť holokaustu i průkopník vědy , portal of the Lomnice Beautification Association (OSLO), online at: oslomnice.cz / ... (Czech)
  3. ^ Leo Eitinger; David Schwarz (Ed.): Strangers in the world . P. 11.
  4. ↑ UiOs menneskerettighetspris - Lisl og Leo Eitingers fund at uio
personal data
SURNAME Eitinger, Leo
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Czechoslovak-Norwegian psychiatrist
DATE OF BIRTH December 12, 1912
PLACE OF BIRTH Lomnice u Tišnova Okres Brno-venkov
DATE OF DEATH October 15, 1996
Place of death Oslo