Bohemianism

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Under Bohemistik (also Czech Philology called) is defined as the scientific study of the Czech language (linguistic Bohemistik) and the Czech literature (literary Bohemian).

Complementary sub-areas of linguistic bohemistics are 'synchronous' bohemistics (explores the language in a certain period of time, e.g. today's language) and 'diachronic' bohemistics (examines the historical development of language). Today, bohemian linguistic studies are also devoted to different aspects of the structure of language as well as the connection and co-reference , text genres , dialogues and other areas. The perception of language as an interactive system is typical for this. Didactic Bohemian Studies is oriented towards school service at all levels as well as Czech as a foreign language. In a broader sense, modern cultural studies that deal with the Czech nation and its history are now part of Bohemian Studies. Other areas of bohemianism are language culture and language education , language advice and the like. a. This also includes the scientific description of Czech grammar and its development as well as the writing of dictionaries . Outside the Czech Republic , bohemian studies are usually understood as part of Slavic studies . The German Bohemian literature is usually as part of the German treats.

Word origin

“Bohemia” is the traditional Latin name for the Kingdom of Bohemia (Corona Bohemiae), the core state of Czech history . The entire territory of today's Czech Republic belonged to this kingdom . The old Slavonic translation of the word “Bohemia” was called “Czechy”, derived from the self-designation of the “Czechen” (Czechs), the first state-supporting nation of this kingdom.

history

Having since 1746 at the Vienna Theresianum at and since 1752 Theresa Military Academy in Wiener Neustadt was taught Czech, commissioned the Empress Maria Theresa in 1775 Josef Valentin Zlobický as the first professor of Czech language and literature at the University of Vienna . It was the world's first chair for bohemian studies and the first teaching of a foreign language in Vienna. Zlobický propagated the method, which was unusual for his time, of teaching students not only grammar but also regional and literary studies as well as applied language practice. In 1849, Bohemian Studies was incorporated into the newly founded Viennese Slavic Studies. Czech classes began in Prague at the end of the 18th century. Academic preoccupation with the Czech language and culture was for a long time limited to the Habsburg monarchy .

In Germany, bohemian studies only became more important within German Slavic studies after the First World War as a result of the constitution of the Czechoslovak state . At the chairs for Slavic Philology , the Czech language and literature were included to a greater extent.

scientist

Considered as important bohemists

literature

  • Stefan Michael Newerkla : Czech (and Slovak) classes in Austria from its beginnings to the present day. Zeitschrift für Slawistik 52/1, 2007, pp. 52–75.
  • Stefan Michael Newerkla , Hana Sodeyfi & Jana Villnow Komárková (eds.): Miscellanea Vindobonensia Bohemica. In memory of the 200th anniversary of the death of Josef Valentin Zlobický , Holzhausen, Vienna 2012 (= Bohemoslavica abscondita 1). ISBN 978-3-90286-800-8 .
  • Edith Ecker, Karl Krieg & Bernhard Setzwein (eds.): Czech contemporary literature. Special issue of the Zs. “Passauer Pegasus. Journal for Literature. ”Issue 27–28, Volume 14. Karl Krieg, Passau 1996. ISSN  0724-0708 .
  • Wolfgang F. Schwarz, Andreas Ohme & Jan Jiroušek (eds.): Approaches to Bohemian Studies in Literature and Cultural Studies , 2 vols. Olms, Hildesheim / Zurich / New York 2017–2018 (= westostpassagen, 22.1-2). ISBN 978-3-487-15574-6 , ISBN 978-3-487-15575-3 .
  • Wilhelm Zeil: Slavic Studies in Germany. Böhlau, Vienna 1994. ISBN 3-412-11993-8 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Historical Institute for Slavic Studies, University of Vienna
  2. ↑ Via Artothek Ostbayern, Bräugasse, 94032 Passau