Liebfrauenplatz (Mainz)

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Liebfrauenplatz and east facade of the cathedral at night

The Liebfrauenplatz in Mainz is the easternmost of the four squares around the Mainz Cathedral . It originally housed the Liebfrauenkirche , which was demolished at the beginning of the 19th century , the outline of which can still be seen on the square, and marks the transition between the cathedral and the Rhine towards the Fischtor .

history

The original Liebfrauenplatz, which is smaller than today, was located between the Liebfrauenkirche and the cathedral. On the square east of the Church of Our Lady was originally the Heumarkt, later called “Marché aux foins”. The Liebfrauenkirche, which previously shaped the square, was consecrated in 1069 by Archbishop Siegfried I and had to be rebuilt several times after fires between 1285 and 1793. After the church was torn down, today's much larger square was built east of the cathedral from 1807. The stone material from the old church was used to build the Kasteller fortress and to improve the Finther Landstrasse. In 1829 the square was given a clear contour when the Prussian main guard was built on the southern edge . This lost its military function in 1902; Today only the facade, which was restored in 2002, remains of the original building.

Trees at Liebfrauenplatz (2011)

The nail column was erected on Liebfrauenplatz in 1916 under Lord Mayor Karl Göttelmann .

After the bombing of the Second World War , part of the development on the edge of the square was missing, which led to a further expansion of the square. The house of the Roman Emperor , of which only parts existed, was rebuilt with a reconstructed facade; the place where the former house of the English King stood remained undeveloped and enlarged Liebfrauenplatz. At that time, the architectural historian Karl Gruber recommended delimiting the square by erecting two low-rise row buildings. Since such a plan was not feasible due to the already existing main guard of the garrison, Gruber developed an alternative concept with the planting of trees. Until 1963 the square belonged to the Mainz tram network .

To celebrate the millennium of the construction of the cathedral in 1975, Liebfrauenplatz was redesigned into a pedestrian zone. Part of the square is used as a public green area with changing flower plantings, while the rest of the space is dedicated to pedestrians and (apart from market days) bicycle traffic.

The Gutenberg Museum , founded in 1901 at the other location, has been located east of the square since the 1920s . From the house of the Roman Emperor, the museum was enlarged with a new building in 1962 based on plans by the architect Rainer Schell . The construction of an extension on Liebfrauenplatz, the so-called Bibel Tower , was planned since 2016 . On April 15, 2018, the realization of this plan was the first referendum of the city's history of 77% of voters rejected

Regular events

Couch at Midsummer Night, 2010

On a part of the Liebfrauenplatz there is part of the Mainz weekly market on Tuesdays, Fridays and Saturdays. Since according to the market regulations only the sale of goods and not the serving of alcoholic beverages is allowed, the so-called "market breakfast" takes place on Saturdays between spring and autumn as a special use of public traffic area , opposite the house Zum Römischen Kaiser . The members of the Mainz winegrowers' association pour from their own production on a weekly basis. The enjoyment of wine is supplemented by the consumption of sausage, cheese and baked goods as well as fruit and vegetables purchased at the neighboring market stalls.

The stage program of the Mainz Christmas market can be seen on Liebfrauenplatz during Advent . At the height of the Mainz Carnival , the Rose Monday procession crosses the square. Other regular events that take place on Liebfrauenplatz, among others, include the intercultural festival as part of the intercultural week and the Mainz Midsummer Night . During Midsummer Night , the so-called Gautschen , the traditional letterpress baptism , is carried out on the stage at Liebfrauenplatz.

Cultural monuments

The House of the Roman Emperor, which houses part of the Gutenberg Museum

Liebfrauenplatz is part of the monument zones in the southeastern old town and Domstraße. In addition to the nail column (completed in 1916), the following individual monuments from different epochs such as Romanesque, Gothic, late Renaissance / early baroque and classicism form the perimeter development:

  • Liebfrauenplatz 4: Mainz Cathedral, first construction after 975
  • Liebfrauenplatz 5: House of the Roman Emperor, completed after 1657
  • Liebfrauenplatz 7: hostel to Rothen Haus, completed in the 18th century
  • Liebfrauenplatz 8: Prussian main guard (today Haus am Dom), completed in 1829

Picture gallery

  • Market breakfast on Liebfrauenplatz

  • Ruin of the Liebfrauenkirche. On the right the house for the Black Forest and the house for the Roman emperor

  • Nail column

  • Liebfrauenplatz with cathedral, 1842. On the left the Prussian main guard.

  • Facade of the Prussian Hauptwache, 2016

literature

  • Andrew MacNeille: Between Tradition and Innovation - Historic Places in the Federal Republic of Germany after 1945. Dissertation, University of Cologne, 2004, pp. 233–238

Web links

Commons : Liebfrauenplatz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ " The guide de la ville de Mayence contenant la denomination de ses six sections, rues, maisons et de leurs numéros, ainsi que des habitans avec leurs qualités, états, professions ou métiers." Pfeiffer, Mainz to IX [= 1800]
  2. ^ Entry on the Prussian Hauptwache on regionalgeschichte.net
  3. ^ Nagelsäule in Mainz on regionalgeschichte.net
  4. ↑ On page 1202 of Mainz: The history of a city (published by Franz Dumont, Ferdinand Scharf, Friedrich Schütz on behalf of the city of Mainz, 1998) is a view of the Liebfrauenplatz where the House of the English King is visible to the left of the Roman Emperor .
  5. ^ MacNeille, p. 235
  6. ^ Wilhelm Jung : Monument of a Millennium, in: Helmut Beichert (Hrsg.): Mainz - Portrait of a reborn city , Verlag Dr. Hanns Krach, Mainz 1984, p. 99
  7. ↑ Gutenberg Museum: It will be a book tower - BI criticizes the award of contracts , mainzund.de , July 7, 2016
  8. ↑ The citizens of Mainz have decided - Bibelturm should not come , Allgemeine Zeitung Mainz, April 15, 2018
  9. ^ Weekly market in Mainz on Liebfrauenplatz
  10. ↑ Market organization and Appendix 3 "Main Market"
  11. ↑ Mainz market breakfast on the website of the state capital Mainz
  12. ↑ Mainz Christmas market on the website of the state capital Mainz
  13. ↑ Route of the Mainz Rose Monday procession on the website of the Mainz Carneval Association
  14. ^ Intercultural week on the website of the state capital Mainz
  15. ↑ Mainzer Johannisnacht ( Memento of the original from May 16, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on the website of the city of Mainz @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.mainz.de

Coordinates: 49 ° 59 ′ 56.8 ″  N , 8 ° 16 ′ 30.9 ″  E