Linda Aiken

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Linda Harman Aiken (* 29. July 1943 ) is an American nurse ( Registered Nurse) and nursing scientist . She is Director of the Center for Health Outcomes and Policy Research , Senior Fellow of the Leonard Davis Institute for Health Economics, and Claire M. Fagin Leadership Professor of Nursing Science and Professor of Sociology at the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing in Philadelphia .

Career

Aiken grew up in Gainesville , Florida. Gainesville is a university town and family life, accordingly, revolved around the activities of the University of Florida . Both her mother and father attended William and Mary College. Even as a child, she wanted to be a nurse. Her role model and mentor was Dorothy Smith , the dean of the School of Nursing.

Aiken received a Bachelor of Science degree in Nursing (BSN) "cum laude" from the University of Florida in 1964 . In 1966 she also completed her Master of Science in Nursing (MN) there. She then worked as a nurse at Shands Teaching Hospital for a few years . Aiken had met many influential sociologists during her studies and clinical work. She decided to return to university and received a PhD in Sociology from the University of Texas at Austin in 1973 . She then went to the University of Wisconsin at Madison and completed a postdoctoral fellowship in medical sociology in 1974 .

After completing her postdoctoral studies in 1974, Aiken worked for the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation in a variety of roles . In 1988 she joined the University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing , where she holds the Clare M. Fagin Senior Professorship in Nursing. She is also Professor of Sociology and Director of the Institute for Health Outcomes and Policy Research . In addition, she is a research fellow and part of the Action Committee of the Population Studies Center at the University of Pennsylvania and a Senior Fellow of the Leonard Davis Institute for Health Economics . Since 2011 she has been visiting professor at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven in Belgium and since 2016 assistant professor at the School of Nursing at the Queensland University of Technology in Brisbane.

research

Linda Aiken has worked in research for most of her career. Her research interests are the causes and effects of nursing staff shortages in the US and worldwide. She has also led major studies on the impact of professional care on the health outcomes of patients (including the elderly, minority patients, chronically ill patients, those in need of multiple surgeries, and those suffering from AIDS ).

Her research also examines the reasons for differences in treatment outcomes in different healthcare facilities (e.g. hospitals, rehabilitation centers) and the influence of the culture and organization of the work environment in healthcare organizations on patient outcomes, the impact on staff and costs.

Aiken was able to show in several large studies that the workload of nurses is directly related to the risk of death for patients. As the number of patients for whom a nurse is responsible increases, the risk of the patient dying within 30 days of hospital admission also increases. According to the large-scale RN4Cast study, which she co-directed and examined these relationships in 12 European countries, this increase is 7 percent. In contrast, the risk of death for patients decreases the better trained the nursing staff is: if the number of nurses with a bachelor's degree in nursing increases by 10 percent, the risk of death falls by 7 percent. In other countries, these results were confirmed in follow-up studies to RN4Cast, such as Portugal, Italy and Cyprus.

Aiken's other research areas include the relationship between patient satisfaction and nursing staff, the quality of the work environment for nurses and dissatisfaction with the job, the quality of the work environment and burnout.

Honors

Honorary doctorate:

  • Doctor of Science, Honoris Causa, Kings College London (2015)
  • Doctor of Science Honoris Causa, University of Maryland (2011)
  • Honorary Doctor of Science, University of Florida, Gainesville (2006)
  • Honorary Doctor of Humane Letters, State University of New York (2006)
  • Doctor of Science Honoris Causa, Emory University (2000)
  • Doctor of Science, Honoris Causa, Georgetown University (1999)
  • Doctor of Science, Honoris Causa University of Wisconsin, Madison (1993)

Linda Aiken has also been made an honorary member of several academies and has received various research prizes and awards.

She has been a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences since 1998 . In 2006 she received the William B. Graham Prize for Health Services Research , and in 2017 she was awarded the Christiane Reimann Prize at the conference of the International Council of Nurses ICN in Barcelona .

Publications (selection)

  • LH Aiken, DM Sloane, L Bruyneel, Van den K Heede, P Griffiths, R Busse, M Diomidous, J Kinnunen, M Kózka, E Lesaffre, McHugh MD, Moreno-Casbas MT, AM Rafferty, R Schwendimann, PA Scott, C Tishelman, T van Achterberg, Sermeus W; RN4CAST consortium: Nurse staffing and education and hospital mortality in nine European countries: a retrospective observational study . In: The Lancet , 2014, Volume 383, Issue 9931, 1824-1830, doi: 10.1016 / S0140-6736 (13) 62631
  • M. McHugh, L. Kelly, D. Sloane, L. Aiken: Contradicting Fears, California's Nurse-To-Patient Mandate Did Not Reduce the Skill Level of the Nursing Workforce in Hospitals . In: Health Affairs , Jul 2011, 30 (7): 1299-1306.
  • LH Aiken: Nurses for the Future . In: NEJM , Jan 20 2011, 364 (3), pp. 196-198.
  • M. Naylor, L. Aiken, E. Kurtzman, D. Olds, K. Hirschman: The Care Span: The Importance of Transitional Care in Achieving Health Reform . In: Health Affairs , Apr 2011, 30 (4), pp. 746-754.
  • DC Vahey, LH Aiken, DM Sloane, SP Clarke, D. Vargas: Nurse Burnout and Patient Satisfaction . In: Medical Care , 2004, 42 (2): Suppl, II57-66.
  • AE Rogers, WT Hwang, LD Scott, LH Aiken, DF Dinges: The Working Hours of Hospital Staff Nurses and Patient Safety . In: Health Affairs , 2004, 23 (4), pp. 202-212.
  • LH Aiken: Achieving an Interdisciplinary Workforce in Health Care . In: NEJM , 2003, 348 (2), pp. 164-166.
  • L. Aiken, S. Clarke, R. Cheung, D. Sloane, J. Silber: Educational Levels of Hospital Nurses and Surgical Patient Mortality . In: JAMA , 2003, 290 (12), pp. 1617-1623.
  • SP Clarke, LH Aiken: Failure to Rescue . In: American J of Nursing , 2003, 103 (1), pp. 42-47.
  • L. Aiken, S. Clarke, D. Sloane, J. Sochalski, J. Silber: Hospital Nurse Staffing and Patient Mortality. Nurse Burnout and Job Dissatisfaction . In: JAMA , 2002, 288 (16), pp. 1987-1993.
  • RA Cooper, LH Aiken: Human Inputs: The Health Care Workforce and Medical Markets . In: JHPPL , 2001, 26 (5), pp. 925-938.
  • L. Aiken, S. Clarke, D. Sloane, J. Sochalski, R. Busse, H. Clarke, P. Giovannetti, J. Hunt, A. Rafferty, J. Shamian: Nurses' Reports on Hospital Care in Five Countries . In: Health Affairs , 2001, 20 (3), pp. 43-53.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Linda H. Aiken. Retrieved January 31, 2018 .
  2. ↑ Nurse Zone. Retrieved January 24, 2015 .
  3. ↑ Linda H. Aiken. Retrieved January 31, 2018 .
  4. ↑ About. Retrieved February 2, 2018 .
  5. ↑ Linda H Aiken, Douglas M Sloane, Luk Bruyneel, Koen Van den Heede, Peter Griffiths: Nurse staffing and education and hospital mortality in nine European countries: a retrospective observational study . In: The Lancet . tape 383 , no. 9931 , p. 1824-1830 , doi : 10.1016 / s0140-6736 (13) 62631-8 .
  6. ↑ About RN4Cast. Retrieved February 2, 2018 .
  7. ↑ Linda H. Aiken, Douglas M. Sloane, Jane Ball, Luk Bruyneel, Anne Marie Rafferty: Patient satisfaction with hospital care and nurses in England: an observational study . In: BMJ Open . tape 8 , no. 1 , January 1, 2018, ISSN  2044-6055 , p. e019189 , doi : 10.1136 / bmjopen-2017-019189 , PMID 29326193 .
  8. Jump up ↑ Matthew D. McHugh, Lesly A. Kelly, Douglas M. Sloane, Linda H. Aiken: Contradicting fears, California's nurse-to-patient mandate did not reduce the skill level of the nursing workforce in hospitals . In: Health Affairs (Project Hope) . 30, No. 7, July 2011, ISSN  1544-5208 , pp. 1299-1306. doi : 10.1377 / hlthaff.2010.1118 . PMID 21734204 . PMC 3209821 (free full text).
  9. ↑ Linda H. Aiken: Nurses for the Future . In: New England Journal of Medicine . 364, No. 3, January 20, 2011, ISSN  0028-4793 , pp. 196-198. doi : 10.1056 / NEJMp1011639 . PMID 21158647 .
personal data
SURNAME Aiken, Linda
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Aiken, Linda Harman (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American nursing scientist
DATE OF BIRTH July 29, 1943