List of domes in Rome

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Domes of Rome

Below is a list of the domes in the Italian capital, Rome, from ancient times to modern times . All sizes are given in meters (m).

Antiquity

All diameters are clear dimensions, with polygonal domes the inscribed diameter measured between the sides applies. The main source is Jürgen Rasch's study of the Roman domed structure.

Couple

Diameter  ø Name,
component
Built Dome shape,
floor plan
Material,
roof construction
Shell
thickness (SD)
SD to  ø
Ring wall
thickness (RD)
RD to  ø
Diameter Opaion (DO)
DO to  ø
Comments /
other characteristics
≈ 43.45 Pantheon ~ 2nd century rotunda Concrete ,
lead plate cover
≈ 1.35 1:32
~
≈ 5.93 1: 7.3
~
~ 8.95 1: 4.9
~
largest dome in the world until 1881 ; largest non-reinforced concrete dome up to the present day; Model character for western domed architecture up to the 20th century.
≈ 35.08 Baths of Caracalla ,
Caldarium
~ 3rd century nested amphorae eight pillars; largest dome in the world made of hollow clay bodies
~ 25.04 Maxentius mausoleum ~ 4th century
~ 25.00 Agrippathermen ,
'Arco della Ciambella'
1st century BC Chr. rotunda first thermal bath in Rome with domed central building; largest dome in the world
~ 23.65 ' Temple of Minerva Medica ' ~ 4th century decagon Concrete with brick ribs ~ 0.56 1:42
~
≈ 2.60 1: 9.1
~
Outer wall pillars
≈ 22.00 Baths of Diocletian ,
San Bernardo alle Terme
≈ 300 Concrete with brick ribs
~ 21.65 or
~ 21.25
Baths of Diocletian ,
'Planetarium'
≈ 300 Umbrella dome,
octagon
Concrete with brick cladding inside ~ 4.20 1: 5.1
~
~ 20.18 Helena's mausoleum ~ 4th century Clay amphorae in the dome base ~ 0.90 1:22
~
~ 2.40 1: 8.4
~
≈ 19.80 Baths of Caracalla ,
flanking structures
~ 3rd century Octagon Preliminary stage of the pendentive dome
~ 19.30 Baths of Diocletian ,
tepidarium
≈ 300 ~ 3.68 1: 5.2
~
~ 14.70 'Romulusheroon' at the Roman Forum ~ 4th century Lead plate cover ~ 0.90 1:16
~
≈ 1.80 1: 8.2
~
~ 3.70 1: 4.0
~
~ 13.48 Domus Aurea ~ 1st century Monastery vault ,
octagon
concrete ~ 5.99 1: 2.3
~
first dome over octagonal plan; earliest in palace architecture
~ 11.10 Gordian's villa ~ 3rd century Octagon ~ - ≈ 1.35 1: 8.2
~
Preliminary stage of the pendentif dome ; eight oculi at the base of the dome
≈ 10.80 Gaul mausoleum ~ 3rd century Rotunda with six niches ~ - ≈ 1.60 1: 6.8
~
≈ 9.50 Praetextat catacomb ,
'Calventiergrab'
~ 3rd century Rotunda with six niches
≈ 8.50 Domus Augustana ~ 1st century Monastery vault ,
octagon
one of the earliest monastery vaults over an octagonal substructure
~ 8.10 'Torraccio del Palombaro' ≈ 4th century ≈ 0.90 1: 9
~
~ 2.30 1: 3.5
~
≈ 1.50 1: 5.4
~
≈ 7.70 Maxentiusthermen ~ 4th century Umbrella dome,
octagon
~ 7.60 Domus Flavia ~ 1st century
~ 5.20 'Sedia del Diavolo',
grave building
~ 2nd century square
≈ 4.70 Tabularium 1st century BC Chr. Monastery vault ,
square
first monastery vault
≈ 4.00 Grave construction at Casal de 'Pazzi ~ 2nd century In-circle dome,
square
concrete Preliminary stage of the pendentif dome ; Cavity system

Half domes

Diameter  ø Name,
component
Built Dome shape,
floor plan
Material,
roof construction
Shell
thickness (SD)
SD to  ø
Ring wall
thickness (RD)
RD to  ø
Comments /
other characteristics
≈ 30.00 Thermae of Trajan ~ ? Largest dome (s) in the world
≈ 22.00 Baths of Diocletian ,
two apse halls
≈ 300
≈ 18.50 Trajan's Forum ~ ?
≈ 15.80 Santi Cosma e Damiano ,
apse
~ 6th century
≈ 5.70 Pantheon ,
front niches
~ 2nd century


Modern times

Diameter  ø Name,
component
Built Dome shape,
floor plan
Material,
roof construction
Shell
thickness (SD)
SD to  ø
Ring wall
thickness (RD)
RD to  ø
Diameter Opaion (DO)
DO to  ø
Comments /
other characteristics
42.3 St. Peter's Basilica

Modern

Diameter  ø Name,
component
Built Dome shape,
floor plan
Material,
roof construction
Shell
thickness (SD)
SD to  ø
Ring wall
thickness (RD)
RD to  ø
Diameter Opaion (DO)
DO to  ø
Comments /
other characteristics
100.6 Palazzo dello Sport Reinforced concrete

Remarks

  1. All information in the individual columns comes from Rasch (1985), unless other sources are listed. The "Diameter" column, because of its orderly character for the table, also contains individual references, in the case of "Comments / other characteristics" the documents are limited to statements of greater significance.

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d Jürgen Rasch (1985), p. 119
  2. Romanconcrete.com
  3. ^ Robert Mark, Paul Hutchinson (1986), p. 24
  4. Werner Müller (2005), p. 253
  5. a b Erwin Heinle, Jörg Schlaich (1996), p. 27
  6. a b Jürgen Rasch (1985), p. 123
  7. a b Werner Heinz (1983), pp. 60-64
  8. a b c d e Jürgen Rasch (1985), p. 129
  9. pillar
  10. Jürgen Rasch (1985), p. 138
  11. a b c d e Jürgen Rasch (1985), p. 130
  12. a b Jürgen Rasch (1985), p. 136
  13. a b Jürgen Rasch (1985), p. 118
  14. a b c Jürgen Rasch (1985), p. 128
  15. corners
  16. a b c d e Jürgen Rasch (1985), p. 127
  17. Jürgen Rasch (1985), p. 126
  18. Jürgen Rasch (1985), p. 124

literature

  • Erwin Heinle, Jörg Schlaich: domes of all times, of all cultures , Stuttgart 1996, ISBN 3-421-03062-6 , p. 27
  • Werner Heinz: Roman thermal baths. Bathing and bathing luxury in the Roman Empire , Munich 1983, ISBN 3-7774-3540-6 , pp. 60–64
  • Robert Mark, Paul Hutchinson: On the Structure of the Roman Pantheon , in: Art Bulletin , Vol. 68, No. 1 (1986), pp. 24-34
  • Werner Müller: dtv-Atlas Baukunst I. General part: Building history from Mesopotamia to Byzantium , 14th edition dtv, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-423-03020-8 , p. 253
  • Jürgen Rasch: The dome in Roman architecture. Development, Shaping, Construction , in: Architectura , Vol. 15 (1985), pp. 117-139
  • Jakob Straub, Mark Gisbourne, Roma Rotunda . Hatje Cantz Verlag (Ostfildern). ISBN 978-3-7757-3975-7 . [English and German, a kind of leporello with 37 photos of Roman domes from antiquity to the present day, photos by Straub, text by Gisbourne]

See also

Web links