List of Etruscan words

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Inscription with Etruscan letters from the Tomba del Tifone of Tarquinia

The list of Etruscan words includes around 250 reliable translations from around 13,000 traditional texts of the Etruscans . These are predominantly short urn and sarcophagus inscriptions, which often contain the name of the deceased, the names of the parents, and in the case of women also the name of the spouse, biographical information about offices and the age of the deceased. There are also owner inscriptions from grave supplements and building inscriptions from graves. Consecration or dedication inscriptions on temple offerings are also relatively numerous. Due to the lack of bilingualism , numerous texts have only been partially deciphered.

Other sources are Roman and Greek glossaries , including the lexicon of the Greek language of Hesychios of Alexandria and the medieval Liber Glossarum , a Latin encyclopedia with alphabetical order. From some ancient writers such as Varro , Verrius Flaccus , Strabo and Dioscurides there are also indications and translations of Etruscan words, which were often given by the authors with Latin or Greek endings. The ancient glossaries are not always reliable, however.

From the 5th century onwards, internal vowels were not used in the Etruscan script and language . This often involved a shift in the word accent from the second to the first syllable . So the Etruscan adjective zamatic for golden changed over time to zamtic with an emphasis on the first syllable. With the shift in the word accent, the vowel a was often darkened to a u. The Etruscan verb amake for was or has been changed to amuce with an emphasis on the first syllable and finally to amce . In later times the letter k was no longer used. In this respect, spellings with more internal vowels, with a instead of u or with the letter k, are to be regarded as the older ones.

Etruscan characters

family

The word for husband is not recorded, nor is the word for sister.

Etruscan Latin German receipt
apa Father father 1 2 3
ati mater mother 1 2 3
ativu mummy 1 2 3
apa nacna, papa avus grandfather 2 3
ati nacna, theta, teta avia grandmother 1 2 3
ati nacnuva, nacnuva Great grandmother 2
ateri parentes parents 1
aterś, aturś, atrus, atrs Family, descendants 1 2
nacnvaiasi, nacnvaia maiores, patres ancestors 2
puia mulier, femina wife 1 2 3
tusurthiri, tuśurthir, tuśurthi sponsum Spouse, married couple 1 2 3
clan, clen filius son 1 2 3
cliniiar, cleniar, clenar filii Sons 1 2 3
clante, clanti adoptaticius Adopted son 1 2
six, śech, sec, śec filia daughter 1 2 3
husiur, husur, huśur liberi children 1 2 3
ruva frater Brothers 1 2 3
nefis, nefts, nefs nepos Grandson 1 2 3
papacs, papals Grandfather's grandson 1 2 3
tetals Grandmother's grandson 1 2
prumathne, prumaths, prums pronepos Great-grandchildren 1 2 3
sans, sians, sianś proavus Ancestor, ancestor 2

society

The Etruscan MACSTRE comes from the Latin MAGISTER.

Etruscan Latin German receipt
acil laboratory, opus, opera Work, work 1 2
acilu faber Craftsman 2
etera, eteri peregrinus, cliens Stranger, client 1 2 3
hilchva colonus Settlers 2
Lautun, lavtun, loud, lavtn familia, gens Family, clan 1 2 3
lautni, lavtni, latni libertus Domestics, freedman 1 2 3
lautenitha, lautnitha, lautnita, lavtnita liberta Domestikin, freedmen 1 2 3
lautneteri libertus Freedman 2
macstre magister Teacher, master 1
pava puer Boy 1
lethe Servant, slave 2
lethi, lethia Servant, slave 2
serve servus slave 2
snenath, snenat serva Slave girl 1 2 3
tesinth custos, curator Overseer 1 2 3

Culture

The Latin ATRIUM probably originated from the Etruscan ATHRE.

Etruscan Latin German receipt
athre aedificium building 1 3
cela cella room 1 3
is he histrio actor 1 3
math intoxicating drink 1 3
mathcva full of math 1
mlak, mlac, mlach pulcher beautiful 1
suplu subulo, tibicen Flute player 1 2 3
tanasar, thanasa actor, cantor actor 2
uinum, vinum, vinm vinum Wine 1 2 3
zamathi, zamth aurum gold 1 2
zamatic, zamtic, zamthic aureus golden 1 2
zic, zich signum, nota, liber Sign, writing, book 2
zichu notarius Clerk 2

origin

For their own origin, the Etruscans used the word RASNA, which probably means something like "the states" (the Etruscans).

Etruscan Latin / Greek German receipt
campane campanus (lat.) Campanier 2
creice graecus (lat.) Greek, Greek 2 3
carthacia, carthasia carthago (lat.), karchedon (gr.) Carthage, Carthaginian 2
latine latinus (lat.) Latin, Latin 2
rasna etruscus, tuscus (lat.) Etruscan, Etruscan 1 2 3
rumach, rumathe, rumate romanus (lat.) Roman, Roman 1 2 3
truia, truials troia (gr.) Troy, Trojan 1
umprea, umrane umbria (lat.) Umbria, Umbrian 2

State

Etruscan boundary stone with the inscription TULAR RASNAL

LUCUMO is probably not an Etruscan word, but could be a Latinized form of the Etruscan LAUCHUME.

Etruscan Latin German receipt
canth, camthi censor censor 1 2
cecha lex, iudicium Law, judgment, ritual 1 2 3
cechase iudex Court, judge 1 2 3
lauchum, lauchumu, lauchume lucumo King, regent, consul 1 2 3
lauchumna concerning the government 1 3
maru, marunu maro Name of a magistrate 1 3
mech, mechlum, methlum civitas, regio Municipality, territory 1 2 3
naper Unit of measure, unit of area 1
parnich State office, priesthood 1 3
purthne, purth magistratus magistrate 1 3
purtsvau, purtśvana magistratus Magistrate 1 2
trace, trace urbs city 1 2 3
spurana, spureni urbicus urban 1 3
spurana, śpurana, śpurane civis City dwellers 2
tesne lex, iudex Law, judge 2
tevarath iudex, vindex Judge 1 2 3
tul Stone, limit 1 3
tular, tularu Boundaries, boundaries, territory 1 2 3
tular rasnal Borders, territory of the Etruscans 1
tular spural Boundaries, area of ​​the city 1
tuthi pagus Citizenship, community, state 1 3
tuthin, tuthina public, state 1 3
vachr contractus, pactum Contract, agreement 1
zilath, zilach, zilac, zilch, zilc consul, praetor Consul, Praetor 1 2 3
zilath mechl rasnal praetor etruriae Praetor of Etruria 1
milk cechaneri Praetor with sacred function 1 2

world

CEL is at the same time a mother goddess and namesake of the month of September. USIL and TIV also denote a sun and a moon deity.

Etruscan Latin German receipt
cel terra, tellus Earth, land 1
cel ati mother Earth 1 3
falatu caelum sky 1 3
neri aqua water 1 3
pulumchva stellae, astra Stars 1 2 3
tiur, tiu, tivr, tiv luna moon 1 2 3
usil Sol Sun 1 2 3
verse, uerse ignis Fire 1 3

time

THESAN is also the name of the goddess of the dawn depicted on the bronze mirror of Tuscania .

Etruscan Latin German receipt
avil annus year 1 2 3
avilchval perennis yearly 1 2
itus eidus, idus Iden 1
tiur, tiu, tivr, tiv mensis month 1 2 3
tin this Day 1 2 3
thesan mane Sunrise, morning 1 2
usli, uslane meridies, meridianus Noon, noon 1 2 3

Month names

The names of the months are predominantly passed down from Latin glossaries in Latinized form.

Etruscan Latinization German receipt
aniach January 2
? February
velchitne, velcitna Velcitanus March 1 2 3
capre Cabreas April 1 2 3
amphiles, ampiles, anpilie Ampiles May 1 2
acala, acale, acle Aclus June 1 2 3
turane, trane Traneus July 1 2
hermi Hermius, Ermius August 1 2 3
celi Caelius, Celius September 1 2 3
chosfer October 1 2 3
? November
masan, masn December 1 2

TURANE seems to have been the month of the love goddess Turan and HERMI the month of Hermes .

The harvest month CELI was probably named after the earth goddess Cel.

THUCTE also seems to be a month name, but has not yet been assigned to a month.

Religion and cult

Inscription NETŚVIS TRVTNUT FRONTAC

The Romans borrowed the Latin TRIUMPH from the Etruscan TRIUMPE. Conversely, the Etruscan FANU comes from the Latin FANUM.

Etruscan Latin German receipt
ais, ice deus, caeles God 1 2 3
aiser, aisar, eisar, esari dei, caelites Gods 1 2 3
aisna, eisna, eisnar, eisnev divus, caeles divine 1 2 3
alpan, alpnu, alphaze donatio, donum Donation, gift 1 3
celu Priestly title 1 3
cipen, cepen, cepar cultor priest 2 3
cleva donatio, donum Victim 2 3
cvera, cver donatio, donum Donation, gift 1 2 3
cvil donatio, donum Gift, sacrifice 1
fanu, hanu fanum, templum Holy place, temple 1 2 3
flere numbers Deity 1 3
flereś Sacrificial statue, votive statue 1 3
flereri Sacrificial statues, votive statues 1
flerchva Ceremony, sacrifice 1 2
heramve, heramasva statua statue 2
kana, cana opus Portrait, work, work of art 1 2
luth Holy place 1 3
mulac, mulach, mlac, mlach oblatio Votive offering, donation 2 3
nethśrac auspicium Auspicium 2
netśvis, netsviś haruspex Haruspex 1 2
nuna, nunar donatio, donum Donation, gift 1 2 3
sacni sacer, sacrum holy, sanctuary 1 2 3
sacnicn, sacnitn sacerdos priest 1
sacnicleri, śacnicleri sacrum, sacrificium Victim 2
sran, sren scaena Ornament, picture, figure 1 2 3
srencva full of ornaments 1 2
timia, tmia templum Temple, holy place 1 3
tinscvil Votive offering 2
triumph triumph Triumphal procession 1
truth, trut Sacred act 1 2 3
trutnvt frontac fulgurator, fulguriator Lightning watchers 1 2 3
tura do incense 1 3
turza donum Offering 1 3
vacil, vacal, vacl libatio Ritual, libation 1 3

Funeral culture

Inscription ŚUTHINA (belonging to the tomb) on an Etruscan mirror

The word PERSON can be traced back to the Etruscan PHERSU via the Latin PERSONA.

Etruscan Latin German receipt
capra urna, arca Urn, sarcophagus 1 2 3
celati in the grave, in the burial chamber 1 2
hinth, hinthi, hinthia infra down, down 1 2 3
hinthial animus Mind, soul, shadow 1 2 3
hinthiu underground, in the underworld 1 2
mani manes Deceased, Manen 1 3
manim Tomb, monument 1 2
murs, murs arca, urna Coffin, urn 1 2 3
mutana, mutna, mutne monumentum Grave, sarcophagus 2 3
penthuna, penthna cippus Gravestone, Cippus 1 2 3
phersu persona Mask, person 1
śuthi, suthi, suti sepulcrum dig 1 2 3
śuthina belonging to the grave 1 2 3
śuthithi, śuthith in the grave 1 2
thaurch sepultura funeral 1 2 3
thaure, thaura sepulcrum dig 1 2 3
do Burial niche 1 3

Objects

The Etruscans adopted numerous names for vessels of all kinds from Greek and adapted them to their language. With this borrowing the letter O, unknown in Etruscan, was converted into a U. For example, the Greek KOTHON changed to the Etruscan QUTUN .

The word CLETRAM seems to be borrowed from the Umbrian language .

Etruscan Latin / Greek German receipt
aska askos (gr.) vase 1 2 3
aska eleivana askos elaion (gr.) Oil vessel 1 2 3
chulichna, culichna kylix (gr.) Drinking vessel, mug 1 2 3
cletram kletra (umbr.) Basket, stretcher for offerings 1 2 3
cupe cuppa (lat.) Drinking bowl 1 3
lechtum lekythos (gr.) vase 1 3
lechtumuza small vase 1 2 3
malena, malana, malna, malstria mirror 1 2 3
patna patane (gr.) Drinking vessel 1 2 3
pruchum prochous (gr.) jug 1 2 3
putiza potos (gr.) Chalice 2
qutum, qutun kothon (gr.) Mug, jug 1 2 3
qutumuza small mug, small mug 1 2
spanti Plate 2
suntheruza small container 1
tafina Bowl 2
thapna, thavhna, thafna Chalice 1 2 3
thina, tina thinos (gr.) Wine vessel 1 2 3
ulpaia olpe (gr.) Wine goblet 1 2 3
zavena vessel 1 2
zavenuza small vessel 1 2

The suffix -UZA is probably the grammatical diminutive of nouns ( diminutive ).

  • Inscription MI QUTUM KARKANAS on a jug from the 7th century BC Chr.

  • Inscription MI SUNTHERUZA SPURIAS MLAKAS on a vessel from the late 7th century BC. Chr.

  • Inscription MI LARTHAIA TELICLES LECHTUMUZA on a vase from the 6th century BC Chr.

Animals

Some animal names come from glossaries, often with Latin or Greek endings.

Etruscan Latin / Greek German receipt
arac ierax (gr.) Falcon 1 3
arim simia (lat.) monkey 1 3
hiuls ulula (lat.) owl 1
leu, lev leo (lat.) lion 1 2 3
ruze porcus, sus (lat.) pig 2
scurfiu scorpio (lat.) Scorpio 2
thamna, tamna ippos (gr.) horse 2
thevru taurus (lat.) bull 1

Numerals

Inscription HUT as a numerical word for 4 or 6 on the Cippus Perusinus
Etruscan Latin German receipt
thu unus one 1 2 3
zal duo two 1 2 3
ci tres three 1 2 3
śa quattuor four ? 1 2 3
do quinque five 1 2 3
huth sex six? 1 2 3
semph septem seven 1 2 3
cezp octo eight 1 2 3
nurph novem nine 1 2 3
śar decem ten 1 2 3

pronoun

In Etruscan there is no distinction between pronouns according to gender . Articles were rarely used.

Etruscan Latin German receipt
mi ego I 1 2 3
minpi, mini, mipi me me me 1 2 3
une, un te you, you 1
an, ana, ane, anc, ancn, ananc is, ea, id he, she, it (personal) 1 2 3
in, inc, ininc id it (real) 1 3
ika, ica, eca, ca, ita, ta ecce this, this, this (nom.) 1 2 3
cal, cla, tla this, this, this (Gen.) 1 2
ikan, ecn, can, cen, cn
itan, itun, etan, tn		 this, this, this (acc.) 1 2
cei, part these (nom. pl.) 1 2
clal this (Gen. Pl.) 1 2
cnl these (acc.pl.) 1 2
ipe, ipa quis, quid, ubi who what where 1 2 3

Particles

Conjunctions like AND were often left out in Etruscan.

Etruscan Latin German receipt
-C -Que and 1 2 3
ei, en non Not 1 2
enach, enac tunc then afterwards 1 2 3
epl, pi, pul etiam up to 1 3
etnam etiam and, and also 1 2 3
hanthin ante before, before 2 3
hen hic here 1
ic, me, ichnac ac, cum as, there, if, how 1 2 3
laive sinister Left 1 2
–M, –um -Que and 1 2 3
matam, matan ante about, before, before 1 2 3
nac quod like because 1 2 3
namphe dexter right 1
sve tum, etiam likewise, likewise 1 3
thar ibi there, there 1
thui hic, nunc here now 1 2 3

Verbs

Verbs have been handed down in the indicative present , past or perfect , future , active and passive, in the imperative and as a participle .

Etruscan German receipt
acazrce, acasce did / did 1 2
acilune will do 1 2
acnanasa, acnanas had 1 2
alice gave / gave 1 2
aliqu given 1 2
ama is 1
amake, amuce, amce has been / was 1 2
anavence gave birth / gave birth 1
arce did / did 1 2
canthce held the office of censor 1 2
capi take 1
cerichunce, cerchunce has built / built 1 2
cesu lying 1 2
ersce went / went 1 2
farthnache created / brought forth 1 2
flerthrce has sacrificed / sacrificed 1 2
hece did / did 1 2
lucairce has led / ruled 1 2
lupu deceased 1 2
lupuce passed away 1 2
menache was given 1 3
menece gave / gave 2
mulenike has donated / donated 1
mulu donated 1 2
muluveneke, muluvenike, muluvaneke, muluvanike, muluvanece, muluvanice has donated / donated 1 2
murce has lived / lived 1 2
rachth prepare 1 2
sacniśa, sacnisa consecrating, sacrificing, giving 1 2
ścune will bring 1 2
śucri prepare 1
svalasi, svalas live 1 2
svalce has lived / lived 1 2
svalthas lived 1 2
tece has set up 1 2
tenthas exercised 1 2
turuke, turuce, turke, turce has given / donated 1 2
turune will give / donate 1 2
thamuce has provided / provided 1 2
thezeri perform 1 2
thrasce has sucked / sucked 1 2
tva shows 1
urthanike did / did 1
zinaku made 1
zinake, zineke, zinace did / did 1 2
draw is written down 1
zichri write down / mark 1 2
zichuche was written down 1 2
zichunce wrote (down) 1
zilachnuce, zilachnce, zilace has exercised the office of praetor 1 2
zilachnthas Been praetor 1 2

swell

Inscriptions

The Etruscans wrote their inscriptions mostly with mirror-inverted letters to the left, i.e. H. from right to left. In the early inscriptions from the 7th and 6th centuries BC The individual words were not delimited from one another. So there was one letter after the other. Only later was the inscriptions broken down into individual words. Dots, colons or three dots on top of each other were often used to separate the words in the text.

  • APAC ATIC
Father and mother.
  • VEL LEINIES LARTHIAL RUVA ARNTHIALUM CLAN VELUSUM PRUMATHŚ
Vel Leinies, brother of Larth and son of Arnth and great-grandson of Vel.
  • L (A) RIS PULENAS LARCES CLAN LARTHAL PAPACS VELTHURUS NEFTS PRUMS PULES LARISAL CREICES
Laris Pulena (s), son of Larce, grandson of Larth, grandson of Velthur, great-grandson of Laris Pule Creice.
  • MLAKAS SELA (S) ASKA MI ELEIVANA
I (am) the oil vessel of the beautiful Sela.
  • TO CN ZICH NETHŚRAC ACASCE
He made this book on auspices.
  • VELTHINA ACILUNE TURUNE ŚCUNE
Velthina will do, will bring, will donate.
  • PAPALSER ACNANASA VI MANIM ARCE
Having had six grandchildren, he made the monument.
  • MINI ALICE VELTHUR
Velthur gave me (a Bucchero vase).
  • MI SPURIEISI TEITHURNASI ALIQU
I given (a Bucchero mug) to Spurie Teithurna.
Inscription MI SPURIEISI TEITHURNASI ALIQU on a Bucchero cup from the late 7th century BC Chr.
  • IPA AMA HEN NAPER XII
Which is 12 square meters here.
  • METLI ARNTHI PUIA AMCE SPITUS LARTHAL SVALCE AVIL LXIIII CI CLENAR ANACNAS ARCE
Arnthi Metli was the wife of Larth Spitu, she lived 64 years, had three children, she made (this grave).
Inscription METLI ARNTHI PUIA AMCE SPITUS LARTHAL SVALCE AVIL LXIIII CI CLENAR ANACNAS ARCE in a burial chamber near Tarquinia from the 3rd century BC Chr.
  • SEMNI RAMTHA SPITUS LARTHAL PUIA AMCE LUPU AVILS XXII HUŚUR CI ACNANASA
Ramtha Semni was the wife of Larth Spitu, who died at the age of 22 and had three children.
  • RAMTHA MATULNAI CI CLENAR ANAVENCE LUPUM AVILS MACHS ŚEALCHLS
Ramtha Matulnai gave birth to three sons and died at the age of 45.
  • EI MINPI CAPI MI NUNAR
Don't take me (a drinking vessel), I (am) a gift.
  • TO CN ŚUTHI CERICHUNCE
He built this grave.
  • VEL ATIES VELTHURUS LEMNIŚA CELATI CESU
Vel Aties, son of Velthur and Lemni, lying in this grave.
Inscription VEL ATIES VELTHURUS LEMNIŚA CELATI CESU in a burial chamber near Tarquinia from the 3rd century BC Chr.
  • LARTH VELCHAS THUI CESU
Larth Velchas lying here.
Inscription LARTH VELCHAS THUI CESU in the church of Santa Maria in Castello in Tarquinia
  • ALCSTI ECA ERSCE NAC ACHRUM FLERTHRCE
Alcestis, she went and then sacrificed her to Acheron.
  • THANCHVIL TARNAI AT FARTHNACHE MARCES TARNES RAMTHESC CHAIREALS
Thanchvil Tarnai. It was produced by Marce Tarna and Ramtha Chairei.
Inscription THANCHVIL TARNAI AN FARTHNACHE MARCES TARNES RAMTHESC CHAIREALS on a sarcophagus from Vulci from the 4th century BC Chr.
  • ARNTH LARTH VELIMNAŚ ARZNEAL HUSIUR SUTHI ACIL HECE
Arnth (and) Larth Velimnas, children of Arzni, made this grave as a work.
  • SPURENI LUCAIRCE
The city that he ruled.
  • LARTH ALETHNAS AVILS LX LUPUCE
Larth Alethnas died at the age of 60.
  • MI TITASI CVER MENACHE
I (a mirror) was given as a donation by Tita.
  • MI LICINESI MULU HIRSUNAIEŚI
I (a vessel) donated by Licine Hirsunaie.
Inscription MI LICINESI MULU HIRSUNAIEŚI on an alabastron
  • MI MULU VENELASI VELCHAESI RASUNIESI
I (a goblet) donated by Venela and Velchae Rasunie.
Inscription MI MULU VENELASI VELCHAESI RASUNIESI on a chalice from the 7th century BC Chr.
  • MINI USILE MULUVANICE
Usil donated me (an amphora).
Inscription MINI USILE MULUVANICE on an amphora from the 7th century BC Chr.
  • MINI MULUVANECE AVILE VIPIIENNAS
Avile Vipiiennas donated me (a Bucchero jar).
  • ROCKNAS LA (RIS) LETHES SVALCE AVIL CVI MURCE CAPUE TLECHE HANIPALUSCLE
Laris Felsnas, (son) of Lethe, lived 106 years, lived in Capua, fought (?) For (or against) Hannibal.
So-called. Hannibal inscription from the 2nd century BC Chr.
  • RACHTH TURA
Prepare the incense.
  • RAVNTHU SEITITHI ATIVU SACNIŚA ATURŚ
Ravnthu Seitithi, the mother, dedicating (a cippus) to the descendants.
  • CELI HUTHIŚ ZATHRUMIŚ FLERCHVA NETHUNSL ŚUCRI THEZERIC
On September 26th, the sacrifices for (the deity) Nethuns are to be prepared and carried out.
  • LARISAL HAVRENIEŚ ŚUTHINA
Belonging to the grave of Laris Havrenie.
Inscription LARISAL HAVRENIEŚ ŚUTHINA on a wine crater from the 4th century BC Chr.
  • ARNTH APUNAS MACH CEZPALCH AVIL SVALCE
Arnth Apunas lived 85 years.
  • VELTHUR PARTUNUS ZILCH CECHANERI TENTHAS AVIL SVALTHAS LXXXII
Velthur Partunus, held the office of praetor with a sacred function, lived for 82 years.
  • AULEŚI METELIŚ VE [LUS] VESIAL CLENŚI CEN FLEREŚ TECE SANŚL TENINE TUTHINEŚ CHISVLICŚ
In honor of Aule Meteli, the son of Vel and Vesi, Tenine (?) Erected this statue as a votive offering for Sans after consultation with the community.
Inscription on the bronze statue of Arringatore from the late 2nd century BC. Chr.
  • CN TURCE MURILA HERCNAS THUFLTHAS CVER
This gave Murila Hercnas (the deity) Thufltha as a gift.
Inscription CN TURCE MURILA HERCNAS THUFLTHAS CVER from the 3rd century BC Chr.
  • TITE CALE ATIAL TURCE MALSTRIA CVER
Tite Cale gave / donated the mirror as a gift for (his) mother.
Inscription TITE CALE ATIAL TURCE MALSTRIA CVER on a bronze mirror from the late 4th century BC. Chr.
  • V (ELIA) CVINTI ARNTHIAŚ CULŚANŚL ALPAN TURCE
Velia Cvinti, Arnthias (daughter), gave this donation for (the deity) Culsans.
  • MI CANA LARTHIAŚ ZANL VELCHINEI SETHRA TURCE
I (am) the portrait of Larthia Zan. Velchina Sethra gave (me).
  • ITUN TURUCE VENEL ATELINAS TINAS CLINIIARAS
Venel Atelinas gave this to Tinia's son.
Inscription ITUN TURUCE VENEL ATELINAS TINAS CLINIIARAS on the underside of a cylix of 500 v. Chr.
  • ECA SREN TVA ICHNAC HERCLE UNIAL CLAN THRASCE
This picture shows how Hercle, the son of Unis, suckled (milk).
  • MINI URTHANIKE ARANTHUR
Aranthur made me (a Bucchero vessel).
  • MI ZINAKU LARTHUZALE KULENIIEŚI
I made by Larthuza Kuleniie.
Inscription MI ZINAKU LARTHUZALE KULENIIEŚI from the late 7th century BC Chr.
  • MI QUTUN LEMAUSNAŚ RANAZU ZINAKE
I (am) the mug of Lemausna, Ranazu made (me).
  • ZICHRI CN
Write this down.
  • CECHA ZICHUCHE
The verdict was written down.
  • LARTH CEISINIS CIZI ZILACHNCE METHLUM NURPHZI CANTHCE
Larth Ceisinis has held the office of praetor in the district three times and that of censor nine times.
  • LARTH ARNTHAL PLECUS CLAN RAMTHASC APATRUAL ESLZ ZILACHNTHAS AVILS THUNEM MUVALCHLS LUPU
Larth, son of Arnth Plecu and Ramtha Apatru, twice praetor, died at the age of 49.

Glosses

  • Lucumones, qui reges sunt lingua Tuscorum.
Lucumones, which are in the language of the Etruscan kings.
  • Velcitanus Tuscorum lingua Martius mensis dicitur.
The month of March is called Velcitanus in the Etruscan language.
  • Cabreas Tuscorum lingua Aprilis mensis dicitur.
The month of April is called Cabreas in the language of the Etruscans.
  • Ampiles Tuscorum lingua Maius mensis dicitur.
The month of May is called Ampiles in the Etruscan language.
  • Aclus Tuscorum lingua Junius mensis dicitur.
The month of June is called Aclus in the Etruscan language.
  • Traneus Tuscorum lingua Iulius mensis dicitur.
The month of July is called Traneus in the Etruscan language.
  • Hermius Tuscorum lingua Augustus mensis dicitur.
The month of August is called Hermius in the Etruscan language.
  • Celius Tuscorum lingua September mensis dicitur.
The month of September is called Celius in the language of the Etruscans.
  • Chosfer Tuscorum lingua October mensis dicitur.
The month of October is called Chosfer in the Etruscan language.
  • Falado, quod apud Etruscos significat coelum.
Falado, which means heaven to the Etruscans.
  • Subulo tusce tibicen dicitur.
A flute player is called a subulo by the Etruscans.
  • αρακος: ιεραξ. Τυρρηνοι.
arakos: falcon. With the Etruscans.
  • αριμος: πιθηκος.
arimos: monkey.
  • δαμνος: ιππος. Τυρρηνοι.
damnos: horse. With the Etruscans.
  • αισοι: θεοι υπο Τυρρηνοι.
aisoi: gods among the Etruscans.

See also

literature

  1. Giuliano Bonfante , Larissa Bonfante : The Etruscan Language. An Introduction. 2nd Edition. Manchester University Press, Manchester / New York 2002, ISBN 0719055407 .
  2. Massimo Pittau : La Lingua Etrusca: Grammatica e Lessico. Insula Edizioni 1997, ISBN 9788886111072 .
  3. James Thomas Hooker (Ed.): Reading the Past: Ancient Writing from Cuneiform to the Alphabet . University of California Press, Berkeley 1990, ISBN 0520074319 .

Web links