List of apple varieties / L

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Explanations and sources: See main article!

Apple variety image Crossing off First appearance Remarks swell
Lacker
Pomological Watercolor POM00002451.jpg
Lädericher
Malus-Lädericher1.JPG
18th century, Canton of Valais , Switzerland O
Ladies' sweet h (No. 305, p. 342)
Ladies' sweeting
Ladina
Ladina (apple) jm122925.jpg
Topaz x Fuji Switzerland O
lady See: Api
Lady (crab apple)
Pomological Watercolor POM00003585.jpg
Crab apple variety
Lady Alice
Lady Alice apple from supermarket in Seattle.jpg
1979 in Washington, USA c
Lady Apple See: Api
Lady Apple Of The Americans See: Api
Lady Hennicker See: Lady Henniker
Lady Henniker (or: Henniker, Lady Hennicker, Ledi Genniker)
Cross section of Lady Henniker, National Fruit Collection (acc. 2000-056) .jpg
a, e, f, g (p. 233), h (No. 271, p. 303)
Lady Hollendale
Lady Hollendale on tree, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1965-012) .jpg
a, f
Lady Hopetown
Cross section of Lady Hopetown, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1950-086) .jpg
f
Lady In Red Sport of Cripps Pink a
Lady Isabel
Cross section of Lady Isabel, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1949-072) .jpg
f
Lady Lambourne
Lady Lambourne (EMLA1) on tree, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1977-148) .jpg
f
Lady Northcliffe description
Lady Of The Lake
Cross section of Lady of the Lake, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1958-021) .jpg
f
Lady Of The Wemyss
Cross section of Lady of the Wemyss, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1949-286) .jpg
f
Lady Sandwick
Lady Sudeley
Cross section of Lady Sudeley, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1941-029) .jpg
a, f, j
Lady Suffield See: Lord Suffield
Lady Sweet
Pomological Watercolor POM00000549.jpg
Lady Williams
'Lady Williams' apples.jpg
around 1930 in Western Australia a, f, j
Lady's Delight f
Lady's Finger Of Offaly
Cross section of Lady's Finger of Offaly, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1950-080) .jpg
f
Lafayette
Lafayette (apple) jm120613.jpg
Goldrush x Pristine Dr. Janick
Lagree
Cross section of Lagree (Loire Atlantique), National Fruit Collection (acc. 1948-292) .jpg
f
Lakeland
Lakeland on tree, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1951-063) .jpg
a, f
Lake's kernel
Cross section of Lake's Kernel, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1950-027) .jpg
f
Lalla Red Delicious e
Lamb-Abbey-Parmäne (or: Lamb Abbey Pearmain)
Pomological Watercolor POM00000229.jpg
a, e, f, o
Lamb Abbey Pearmain See: Lamb-Abbey-Parmäne
Lambourgueur
Lambourgueur, Mons-Boubert, Somme, Fri, expo du 29-10-2017 (57) .jpg
Lambron O
Lambrook Pippin e
Lamb's Seedling
Lamb's Seedling on tree, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1933-003) .jpg
f
Lana Böhmer h (No. 194, p. 216)
Lana sweetie O
Lancashire Pippin f
Lancelot O
Lancraig
Cross section of Lancraig, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1999-023) .jpg
f, g (p. 205)
Landsberg See: Landsberger Renette
Landsberger See: Landsberger Renette
Landsberger Reinette See: Landsberger Renette
Landsberger Renette (or: Landsberg, Landsberger, Landsberger Reinette, Landsberska Reneta)
LandsbergerRenette073.JPG
Around 1850 in Landsberg, Poland description f, h (No. 490, p. 543 and No. 442, p. 494), j, o
Landsberska Reneta See: Landsberger Renette
Landskrona
Landskronaapple1.jpg
Lane's Oakland Seedling See: Ball's Pippin
Lane's Prince Albert See: Lanes Prince Albert
Lanes Prince Albert (or: Albert, Lane's Prince Albert, Prince Albert)
Lane's Prince Albert.jpg
1841 in England a, c, e, f, j, o
Long red striped green reinette See: Carmelite Renette
Long red-striped renette See: Carmelite Renette
Langeland apple h (No. 72, p. 81)
Langer Bellefleur (or: Belle-Fleur De France, Belle-Fleur Double, Double Bon Pommier, Double Bonne Ente, Franc Bon Pommier, Franc Croquet, Franse Belle Fleur)
Belle Fleur Double, Mons-Boubert, Somme, Fri, expo du 29-10-2017 (108) .jpg
described before 1859 description e, f, o
Long Green Gulderling h (No. 120, p. 134), j, o
Long raspberry apple h (No. 39, p. 43), o
Long gold pepping h (No. 359, p. 406)
Lange's Perfection
Cross section of Lange's Perfection, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1983-075) .jpg
f
Langley Pippin
Langley Pippin on tree, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1978-272) .jpg
Cox Orange × Unknown f
Langsur
Langsur jm55221.jpg
Slow sweeter See: Pommerscher Langsüßer
Langton's nonsuch See: Sanspareil
Langton's special equals See: Sanspareil
Langton's special equals See: Sanspareil
Langworthy e, f
Lankford
Pomological Watercolor POM00002520.jpg
Lansingburg
Pomological Watercolor POM00002514.jpg
Lantun Talvi O
Lappio
Cross section of Lappio, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1958-130) .jpg
f
Large mouche See: Brabanter Bellefleur
Large Red Flesh Siberian Crab e
Large Red Siberian
The apples of New York (1905) (19738939222) .jpg
Leave O'Gowrie
Cross section of Lass o 'Gowrie, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1949-272) .jpg
f
Late Harrison a
Late strawberry
Pomological Watercolor POM00002605.jpg
Lantern apple h (No. 645, p. 716)
Lukewarm apple O
Whimsy e
Laurence apple See: Danzig Kantapfel
Lusatian clove apple
Old model of a Lausitz clove apple.jpg
Upper Lusatia around 1750 Taste sweet and sour and slightly spicy. Tree: weak to medium strong growth, broad pyramidal crown h (No. 101, p. 115), j, o
Lautertal forest apple j, o
Lavanttaler banana apple
Malus mother apple.jpg
America description
Lavigne O
Lavina
Cross section of Lavina, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1958-143) .jpg
f
Lawfam
Cross section of Lawfam, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1925-014) .jpg
f, o
Lawver
Pomological Watercolor POM00002524.jpg
Lawyer h (No. 436, p. 488)
Lawyer Nutmeg
Cross section of Lawyer Nutmeg, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1975-013) .jpg
f
Laxton Superb See: Laxton's Superb
Laxton's Advance 1908 in Bedfordshire b
Laxton's Early Crimson
Laxton's Early Crimson (LA 69A) on tree, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1975-304) .jpg
Worcester Pearmain x Gladstone 1931 in Bedfordshire b, f
Laxton's Epicure in UK a, c, e
Laxton's Exquisite 1902 in Bedfordshire b
Laxton's Favorite
Laxton's Favorite on tree, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1949-290) .jpg
Cox Orange × Unknown 1925 in Bedfordshire b, f
Laxton's Fortune See: Fortune
Laxton's Herald
Laxton's Herald on tree, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1938-007) .jpg
1906 in Bedfordshire b, f, j
Laxton's Leader
Laxton's Leader on tree, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1957-245) .jpg
1905 in Bedfordshire b, e, f
Laxton's Pearmain Cox Orange × Unknown 1897 in Bedfordshire b, f
Laxton's Peerless
Laxton's Peerless on tree, National Fruit Collection (acc. 2000-059) .jpg
1900 in Bedfordshire b, f
Laxton's Pioneer 1934 in Bedfordshire b, f
Laxton's rearguard
Cross section of Laxton's Rearguard, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1949-291) .jpg
1907 in Bedfordshire b, f
Laxton's Reward
Cross section of Laxton's Reward, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1949-292) .jpg
1925 in Bedfordshire b, e, f
Laxton's Royalty
Cross section of Laxton's Royalty, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1949-098) .jpg
Cox Orange × Unknown 1908 in Bedfordshire b, f
Laxton's Superb See: Laxton's Superb
Laxton's Superb (or: Laxton Superb, Laxtons Superb, Superb)
Cross section of Laxton's Superb (EMLA 1), National Fruit Collection (acc. 1979-170) .jpg
Cox Orange × Unknown 1897 in Bedfordshire , England a, b, c, e, f, j, o
Laxton's triumph
Cross section of Laxton's Triumph, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1931-004) .jpg
Cox Orange × Unknown 1902 in Bedfordshire b, f, j
Laxton's Victory Cox Orange × Unknown 1926 in Bedfordshire b, f
Le Bret See: Bret
Le Lectier See: Lectier
Lead
Leardman Derfordshire O
Leather Coat (or: Leathercoat) a
Leather jacket
Cross section of Leather Jacket, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1983-011) .jpg
f
Leather coat See: Leather Coat
Leathercoat Russet
Cross section of Leathercoat Russet (Brotherston), National Fruit Collection (acc. 1949-275) .jpg
e, f
Lebel See: Jakob Lebel
Treat
Malus The Delicacy 4499.jpg
h (No. 505, p. 558), j, o
Lectier (or: Le Lectier)
Malus-Le-Lectier.jpg
Leather apple See: Gray French Renette, Gray Herbstrenette, Parker's Pepping
Lederapfel Baselland O
Leather apple renette See: Gray autumn tenette
Leather gold O
Leather ribbon See: Gray French Renette, Gray Autumn Strenette, Kanadarenette
Ledi Genniker See: Lady Henniker
lee
The apples of New York (1905) (19558014518) .jpg
Leeder's Perfection
Cross section of Leeder's Perfection, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1989-009) .jpg
f
Legana
Cross section of Legana, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1952-225) .jpg
f
Leipferdinger long handle O
Leipzig Renette See: Edelborsdorfer
Leistadter red apple j, o
Leitheim Streifling h (No. 636, p. 704)
Lemoen See: Lime Renette
Lemoinei description
Lemon Pippin
Cross section of Lemon Pippin, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1951-229) .jpg
a, e, f
Lemon Queen
Lemon Queen on tree, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1950-058) .jpg
f
Lemon Pippin (or: Lemonpippin, Yellowspur) c, f, g (p. 235)
Lemonpippin See: Lemon Pippin
Lena O
Lennoxville e
Leonard Lush
Leonard Lush on tree, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1950-303) .jpg
f
Leonie De Sonnaville
Leonie de Sonnaville on tree, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1974-339) .jpg
Cox Orange × Unknown f
Lepaan Liereä O
Lepaan Meloni O
Lesans Kalvill O
Leucocarpa e
Leuenapfel O
Leupoldsdorfer sweet apple j
Leuser apple O
Levering Limbertwig f
Lewis Incomparable See: Lewis's Incomparable
Lewis's Incomparable
Lewis's Incomparable on tree, National Fruit Collection (acc. 2000-060) .jpg
e, f
Liberty
Cross section of Liberty, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1984-076) .jpg
1978 in New York a, c, d, f, o
Libovicka Reneta
Libovicka Reneta on tree, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1974-205) .jpg
f
Liddell's Seedling
Cross section of Liddell's Seedling, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1949-105) .jpg
e, f
Love apple See: Danzig Kantapfel
Ligol
Ligol 02 10 2006.jpg
Linda × Golden Delicious 1978 in Skierniewice , Poland
Liliput red flesh
Liliput (red flesh) jm55214.jpg
Lille
Cross section of Lille (Pyrenees Orientales), National Fruit Collection (acc. 1948-243) .jpg
f
Lille Api See: Api Petit
Lily Boxall
Lily Boxall on tree, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1963-001) .jpg
f
Limber Limb Pippin
Pomological Watercolor POM00001955.jpg
Limbertwig
Pomological Watercolor POM00001949.jpg
a
Limbertwig Ramsey Smoky e
Limelight
Cross section of Limelight, National Fruit Collection (acc. 2000-151) .jpg
2000 in Kent, UK a, c, e, f
Limoncella
Limoncella on tree, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1973-052) .jpg
f
Limonen-Renette (or: Bergerner Weinling, Brixener Tafelapfel, Lemoen, Limonenrenette, Limoniapfel, Lime Apple, Rosemary Apple, Summer King)
German Pomology - Aepfel - 089.jpg
e, f, g (p. 235), h (No. 454, p. 506), j, o
Lime Renette See: Lime Renette
Lemon apple See: Lime Renette
Lemon apple See: Lime Renette
Linda
Linda Apple.jpg
f, j, o
Lindamac a
Lindel
Lindel on tree, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1975-208) .jpg
f
Lindemann O
Lindgren's Astrakan See: Astrakhan Large Fruited
Lindholm Friesian apple
Lindo Da Insua-6 e
Linnanmäki
Malus x purpurea 'Linnanmäki' Purppuraomenapuu C IMG 4765.JPG
Linnaeus apples O
Linnich bean apple O
Linoeus Pippin See: Yellow Bellefleur
Linsenhofen seedling See: Linsenhofer
Linsenhofer (or: Linsenhofener Sämling, Linsenhofer Renette, Linsenhofer Sämling, Schöner Von Beuren)
Linsenhofer seedling jm55220.jpg
O
Linsenhofer Renette See: Linsenhofer
Linsenhofer seedling See: Linsenhofer
Linville
Pomological Watercolor POM00002035.jpg
Lipa wildling h (No. 177, p. 198)
Lippe turnip See: Extertaler
Lippoldsberger deep bloom j
Liptays rosemary apple j
Lipton
Cross section of Lipton, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1930-046) .jpg
f
Liset description e
Lithuanian pepping See: Glogerovka
Lithuanian pepping
Lithuanian Pepping jm55219.jpg
Little Pax a
Livadiyskoye e
Liveland Raspberry
Pomological Watercolor POM00002564.jpg
in Livonia c
Livlander Grafensteiner See: Herbst-Streifling
Livlander Gravensteiner See: Herbst-Streifling
Lobo
Lobo.2008-12-17.jpg
a, e, f, j, o
Locard Blanc Making cider
Locard Jaune O
Locard Vert Making cider
Loddington
Cross section of Loddington, National Fruit Collection (acc. 2000-058) .jpg
f
Lodgemore Nonpareil
Cross section of Lodgemore Nonpareil (Hoff), National Fruit Collection (acc. 1962-033) .jpg
e, f
Lodi
Pomological Watercolor POM00002719.jpg
Montgomery × clear apple around 1911, New York Agricultural Experiment Station Geneva, USA a, c, f, o
Lodi, Compspur e
Lofem
Lofem1.jpg
Logan
Pomological Watercolor POM00002722.jpg
Logens h (No. 510, p. 567)
Löhninger rose apple O
Lohrer See: Lohrer Rambur
Lohrer Rambur (or: Klosterrambur, Krumme Lore, Lohrer, Sternwirtsapfel, Zocklerapfel)
Malus-Lohrer-Rambur.jpg
j, o
Loisel's Duchess of Brabant h (No. 406, p. 454)
Lölis O
Lollipop Red fleshed fruit, very sweet
Lombart's Calville See: Lombart's Calvill
Lombart's Calville See: Lombart's Calvill
Lombarts Kalvill (or: Lombart's Calville, Lombarts Calville)
Cross section of Lombarts Calville, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1949-182) .jpg
a, f, j, o
London Pearmain f
London Pepping (or: Bastardkalvill, Deutscher Kalvill, Englischer Kalvill, Five Crown Pippin, Green Kalvill, London Pippin, Stäfner Kalvill, Werderkalvill, Werderscher Kalvill)
German Pomology - Aepfel - 023.jpg
First mentioned around 1580, England description a, f, h (No. 93, p. 107), j, o
London Pippin See: London Pepping
London Sweet
Pomological Watercolor POM00002726.jpg
Long bider
Cross section of Long Bider, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1948-735) .jpg
f
Long Island Russet
Pomological Watercolor POM00002732.jpg
Long Red Pearmain See: Red Bellefleur
Longfield
Pomological Watercolor POM00002731.jpg
Longney Russet
Cross section of Longney Russet, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1949-096) .jpg
f
Long start
Cross section of Longstart, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1951-224) .jpg
f
Longville's kernel
The Pomological magazine (Pl. 63) (8726412488) .jpg
Longville's seedling h (No. 174, p. 195)
Loop Spy f
Loop Wealthy f
Lord Burghley
Cross section of Lord Burghley, National Fruit Collection (acc. 2000-061) .jpg
a, f
Lord Clyde
Cross section of Lord Clyde, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1946-079) .jpg
f
Lord Derby
Cross section of Lord Derby (LA 73B), National Fruit Collection (acc. 1978-300) .jpg
around 1850 in Cheshire, England a, c, e, f, o
Lord Derby Spur Type
Cross section of Lord Derby spur type, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1969-041) .jpg
f
Lord Grosvenor (or: Grosvenor)
Malus Lord-Grosvenor.jpg
f, h (No. 2, p. 5), j, o
Lord Hindlip
Cross section of Lord Hindlip, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1957-176) .jpg
a, e, f
Lord Lambourne
Malus-Lord-Lambourne.JPG
1907 in Bedfordshire , Great Britain Rare variety a, b, c, f, j, o
Lord Lennox
Cross section of Lord Lennox (Finzi), National Fruit Collection (acc. 1949-223) .jpg
f
Lord Nelson See: Kirkes Nelson
Lord Peckover
Cross section of Lord Peckover, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1926-040) .jpg
a, f
Lord Rosebery
Cross section of Lord Rosebery, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1957-169) .jpg
f
Lord Seedling e
Lord Stradbroke
Pomological Watercolor POM00002854.jpg
f
Lord Suffield (or: Lady Suffield)
Lord Suffield on tree, National Fruit Collection (acc. 2000-063) .jpg
f, h (No. 56, p. 64), j, o
Lorenzapfel See: Danzig Kantapfel
Lorenzia apple See: Flamed Cardinal
Lorna Doone
Cross section of Lorna Doone, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1958-017) .jpg
e, f
Lorraine Summer Rambour See: Müschen's rose apple
Loskrieger See: Champagne Renette
Lorraine Green Renette See: Lothringer Renette
Lothringer Bunter Gulderling (or: Calville De Rose, Calville Rose) l (p. 3)
Lorraine rambour See: Müschen's rose apple
Lothringer Renette (or: Lothringer Green Renette) h (No. 307, p. 344), j, o
lotus O
Loucotte O
Loudoun Pippin
Pomological Watercolor POM00002740.jpg
Louise
Pomological Watercolor POM00002665.jpg
Louiton
Cross section of Louiton (Marne), National Fruit Collection (acc. 1948-291) .jpg
f
Lovacka Reneta f
Love Beauty
Cross section of Love Beauty, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1967-073) .jpg
f
Lowell
Pomological Watercolor POM00002744.jpg
Lowland Raspberry
Cross section of Lowland Raspberry, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1952-129) .jpg
f
Lowry
Pomological Watercolor POM00002667.jpg
Loy
Pomological Watercolor POM00002822.jpg
Lubsk Queen
Pomological Watercolor POM00001820.jpg
a
Lucas Borsdorfer (or: Tiroler Borsdorfer, Tiroler Maschanzker) Descriptions O
Lucas striped rose apple description
Lucas pigeon apple
Lucas Taubenapfel 1877.jpg
description h (No. 223, p. 248), o
Lucinda
Pomological Watercolor POM00003506.jpg
Lucky Star (Van Kampen) Mutant by Elstar
Lucombe's Pine
Cross section of Lucombe's Pine, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1948-005) .jpg
f
Lucombe's Seedling (or: Lucombe's Seedling)
The Pomological magazine (Pl. 109) (8744822140) .jpg
f
Lucombe's Seedling See: Lucombe's seedling
Lucullus
Cross section of Lucullus, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1955-007) .jpg
Cox Orange × Unknown f
Ludivig's rose apple j
Ludwig apple See: Luikenapfel
Ludwigsburg Renette See: Carmelite Renette
Luiken See: Luikenapfel
Luikenapfel
Malus-Luikenapfel.jpg
before 1800 in Baden-Württemberg Orchard variety of the year 2004 in Baden-Württemberg. h (No. 601, p. 668), j, o
Luikenapfel Heunischhof O
Luisenapfel (or: Princess Luise)
Čistecké lahůdkové.jpg
j, o
Luna
Luna jm55207.jpg
Golden Delicious × Topaz
Lundbytorp
Lundbytorp on tree, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1950-145) .jpg
e, f
Lunow See: Apple from Lunow
Lunter pippeling See: Lunterse Pippeling
Lunterse pippeling (or: Lunter pippeling)
Lunterse pippeling.JPG
e, f
Lurared e
Lütjenhorner
Lutten O
Liège pineapple calvill (or: Liège pineapple calvill) h (No. 23, p. 26), j, l (p. 1f), o
Liège pineapple calvill See: Liège pineapple calvill
Liege rambour h (No. 294, p. 327)
Luxemburger Renette (or: Queen Of The Orchards, Reinette des Vergers)
Malus Luxemburger Renette 4393.jpg
f, h (No. 302, p. 339), j, o
Luxembourg Triumph (or: Triumph From Luxembourg, Triumph From Luxembourg)
Luxembourg Triumph.JPG
probably a seedling of the Luxembourg Renette before 1880 j, o
Luyke See: Luikenapfel
Lucerne sweet apple O
Lucerne wine apple O
Luzhanka
Cross section of Luzhanka, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1975-344) .jpg
f
Lyman's Large Summer a
Lynn's Pippin
Cross section of Lynn's Pippin, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1953-076) .jpg
Cox Orange × Unknown f
Lyon D'Éte O
Lysgolden
Cross section of Lysgolden, National Fruit Collection (acc. 1978-343) .jpg
f

Individual evidence

  1. NFC variety description: Lady Northcliffe , accessed on February 17, 2017
  2. Description of the variety Landsberger Renette (PDF; 261 kB), accessed on October 30, 2017
  3. ^ Description of the variety Langer Bellefleur (PDF; 305 kB), accessed on October 30, 2017
  4. Description of the variety Belle-Fleur Double , accessed on October 30, 2017
  5. Description of the variety Lavanttaler Bananenapfel (PDF; 206 kB), accessed on October 30, 2017
  6. NFC variety description: Lemoinei , accessed on February 17, 2017
  7. variety description of the NFC: Liset , accessed on February 17, 2017
  8. Institute Français des Productions Cidricoles (IFPC): Pomme a cider. Les variétés . August 2009. p. 6. Accessed November 7, 2018
  9. Institute Français des Productions Cidricoles (IFPC): Pomme a cider. Les variétés . August 2009. p. 6. Accessed November 7, 2018
  10. Description of the variety London Pepping (PDF; 184 kB), accessed on October 30, 2017
  11. Eduard Lucas: The Tyrolean Borsforfer (Maschanzker) . In: Eduard Lucas and Johann GC Oberdieck: Illustrirte Monatshefte für Obst- und Weinbau , Verlag der Dorn'schen Buchhandlung, Ravensburg 1866, p. 161.
  12. Tiroler Maschanzker in: Orchards and old fruit varieties in Burgenland , accessed on March 13, 2017
  13. Georg Oberdieck: Lucas striped rose apple . In: Johann GC Oberdieck and E. Lucas: Illustrirtes Handbuch der Obstkunde , Volume 8, published by Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1875, p. 39 f.
  14. Eduard Lucas: Lucas Taubenapfel . In: Eduard Lucas and Johann GC Oberdieck: Pomologische Monatshefte , Verlag von Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1877, p. 3.
  15. Gerhard Baab. Elstar. Still a star with new mutants . 2011. p. 4 , accessed October 30, 2017