Liza (genus)
| Liza | ||||||||||||
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Spring mullet ( Liza saliens ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Liza | ||||||||||||
| Jordan & Swain , 1884 |
Liza is the most species-rich genus of the mullets (Mugilidae). The fish live on the coasts of all oceans in tropical, subtropical and temperate zones and also go in brackish water . Two species, the gold mullet ( Liza aurata ) and the thin-lipped mullet ( Liza ramada ), also live in the North Sea .
features
Liza species become 16 to 75 cm long. Seen from below, its mouth is wide, the dentals form an angle of 90 ° or more at the symphysis . The rear end of the maxillary is more or less S-shaped, the front sloping down over the premaxillary . When the mouth is closed, it extends over the corners of the mouth. The sawn anterior ventral end of the lacrimal bone is more or less concave and is in contact with the corner of the mouth, the abdominal end is wide and angular. A transparent nictitating membrane is poorly developed in adult animals and forms a narrow ring around the eye. The anterior and posterior nostrils are close together, equidistant from or less than the diameter of the posterior nostrils. The bases of the second dorsal fin and the anal fin can be scaled or bare. The enlarged scales on each side of the first dorsal fin and on the base of the pelvic fin are not as large as those of Mugil . Corresponding scales on the base of the pectoral fin are missing or rudimentary.
Systematics
Liza may not be monophyletic . Some authors place Liza falcipinnis and Liza grandisquamis in the monotypic genera Neochelon and Parachelon . Chelon is closely related to Liza and possibly congeneric with the genus; accordingly, the allocation of several species is controversial.
species
FishBase currently lists 20 valid species:
- Liza abu (Heckel, 1843)
- Liza affinis (Günther, 1861)
- Liza alata (Steindachner, 1892)
- Liza argentea (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825)
- Gold mullet ( Liza aurata ) (Risso, 1810)
- Liza bandialensis Diouf, 1991
- Liza carinata (Valenciennes, 1836)
- Liza dumerili (Steindachner, 1870)
- Liza falcipinnis (Valenciennes, 1836)
- Liza grandisquamis (Valenciennes, 1836)
- Liza haematocheila (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845)
- Liza klunzingeri (Day, 1888)
- Liza luciae (Penrith & Penrith, 1967)
- Liza mandapamensis Thomson, 1997
- Liza melinoptera Valenciennes, 1836
- Liza persicus (Senou, Randall & Okiyama, 1995)
- Thin-lipped mullet ( Liza ramada ) (Risso, 1827)
- Liza ramsayi (Macleay, 1883)
- Liza richardsonii (Smith, 1846)
- Spring mullet ( Liza saliens ) (Risso, 1810)
- Liza tricuspidens (Smith, 1935)
literature
- Melanie Stiassny, Guy Teugels, Carl D. Hopkins: The Fresh and Brackish Water Fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa. Volume 2, ISBN 978-90-74752-21-3 .
Web links
- Liza on Fishbase.org (English)