Louis Jurine

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Louis Jurine

Louis Sébastien Jurine (born February 6, 1751 in Geneva , † October 20, 1819 in Chougny ( Vandœuvres )) was a Swiss doctor and naturalist.

life and work

He was the son of the weaver Sébastien Jurine (1722–1779) and his wife Anne Esther Favre, both married since 1745. He had a younger sister Catherine Sébastian Jurine (1755–1841).

Luis Jurine married Louise Pernette Bonnet (1744-1812) on August 14, 1774. After studying medicine in Paris and Geneva, he obtained his doctorate in 1773 . and was accepted into the Geneva Surgeons College in the same year. He was active as a researcher and scholar as well as a practitioner. From 1797 to 1798 he was professor at the Bern Academy, from 1802 to 1809 Honorary Professor of Anatomy and Surgery, Professeur Honoraire d'Anatomie et de chirurgie de l'Académie de Genève and from 1809 to 1819 Professor of Zoology at the Geneva Academy, Académie de Zoologie de Genève .

Apart from stays in Paris , where he gave medical assistance to the writer Anne Louise Germaine de Staël with the birth of her children and with their last illness, he only lived and practiced in Geneva. In 1807 he founded a women's hospital in Geneva, Hospice de la maternité .

As a follower of the Bonnet School , Jurine also engaged in scientific studies. This included collecting, observing and researching fish and insects in the canton of Geneva . Jurine's collection is kept in the Muséum d'histoire naturelle de la Ville de Genève . Among the taxa that Jurine scientifically described, include the wasp genus Ampulex and two in the Lake Geneva endemic coregonids , the FERA and the gravenche .

As a naturalist, Jurine demonstrated in 1794 the importance of hearing for the orientation of bats . In collaboration with his daughter Christine Etiennette Pernette Jurine (1776–1812), in 1807 he worked out a wing-shaped classification of hymenoptera (hymenoptera), studied the plankton of Lake Geneva and inventoried its fish .

Jurine frequently published his studies in the Journal de Mines , in the Memoires de L'Académie of Turin and in the Mémoires de physique et d'histoire naturelle de Géneve . In 1798 his first scientific treatise Mémoire sur cette question appeared: Détermier quels avantages la médecine peut retirer de découvertes modern sur l'art de connaitre la pureté de l'air par les differents eudiomètres . In this publication, which was awarded by the Société royale de médecine (see also Académie nationale de Médecine ) in Paris, Jurine dealt with the changes in the air through the respiratory process and with the types of gas in the intestinal canal.

In 1799 he became a foreign member of the Académie des Sciences .

Louis Jurine died on October 20, 1819 of complications from coronary heart disease .

Dedication names

  • Apherusa jurinei, Milne Edwards, (1830)
  • The genus of the Silberscharten ( Jurinea Cass. ) Was named after him. AP de Candolle, however, considers the name after his son, André Jurine (1780–1807), also a doctor and natural scientist, to be likely.

Works

  • 1798: Détermier quels avantages la médecine peut retirer de découvertes modern sur l'art de connaitre la pureté de l'air par les differents eudiomètres
  • 1807: Mémoire sur l'allaitement artificiel
  • 1807: Nouvelle méthode de classer les hyménoptères et les diptères . Genève (JJ Paschoud). PDF
  • 1810: Mémoire sur le Croup
  • 1815: Mémoire sur l'angine de poitrine
  • 1820: Histoire des Monocles qui se trouvent aux environs de Genéve . I-XVI, 1-260, 22 planches, Genève (JJ Paschoud). PDF
  • 1820: Observations sur les ailes des hyménoptères Mem. Accad. Sci. Torino 24

Literature on Louis Jurine

  • JS Versch and JG Gruber (eds.): General Encyclopedia of Sciences and Arts edited in alphabetical order by the authors mentioned. Second section. H-N. Part twenty-ninth . Brockhaus. Leipzig, 1852.
  • Sigrist, R .; Barras, V .; Ratcliff, M .: Louis Jurine, Chirurgien et naturaliste (1751-1819) . Bibliothèque d'Histoire des Sciences, Chêne-Bourg: 1999 Archives of Natural History. Volume 28, page 150-151

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Genealogy [1]
  2. ^ Wife genealogy
  3. ^ Genealogy daughter [2]
  4. ^ List of members since 1666: letter J. Académie des sciences, accessed on December 1, 2019 (French).
  5. ↑ Biographical Etymology of Marine Organism Names. I & J [3]
  6. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [4]
  7. ↑ Augustin Pyrame de Candolle : Histoire de la botanique genevoise: discours prononcé a la cérémonie académique des promotions 14 June 1830. Published by J. Barbezat, 1830. p. 44 online
personal data
SURNAME Jurine, Louis
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Jurine, Louis Sébastien
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss doctor and naturalist
DATE OF BIRTH February 6, 1751
PLACE OF BIRTH Geneva
DATE OF DEATH October 20, 1819
Place of death Chougny, today Vandœuvres