Lucius Papirius Crassus (Consul 336 BC)

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Lucius Papirius Crassus was a politician of the early Roman Republic . 340 BC He officiated as dictator in 336 and 330 BC. As consul .

Life

Lucius Papirius Crassus came from the Roman lineage of the Papirs , namely their patrician branch of the Crassi . According to a comment by the speaker Marcus Tullius Cicero , he changed his gentile name from Papisius to Papirius . According to the filiation information of the Fasti Capitolini , his father and grandfather also used the prenomen Lucius . The ancient historian Friedrich Münzer considers it possible - although this is a very uncertain assumption - that Lucius Papirius Crassus was the son of the consular tribune Lucius Papirius of the year 382 BC. Was (the latter probably also belonged to the branch of the Crassi and exercised the consular tribunate perhaps more often, for example 376 BC).

The Roman historian Titus Livius reports that Lucius Papirius Crassus 340 BC BC initially administered the praetur and was appointed dictator by the consul Titus Manlius Imperiosus Torquatus after his victorious return from the Latin War . This step was necessary because the second consul Publius Decius Mus had fallen and Manlius was too ill even after his return home to wage another war against the Antiaten who had invaded Roman territory . Lucius Papirius Crassus elected the five-time consul Lucius Papirius Cursor as his master's equitum , then moved to the territory of the Antiaten and camped there for several months without doing much. Some ancient historians like Karl Julius Beloch do not believe in the historicity of Papirius' dictatorship. On the other hand, Friedrich Münzer regards it as more historical and argues that in the first decades after the introduction of the praetur a holder of this office was not authorized to wage foreign wars independently and without the presence of a consul. Therefore Papirius probably had to be appointed dictator in order to be authorized to fight against the Antiaten.

For the first time, Lucius Papirius Crassus came in 336 BC. Together with Kaeso Duilius to the consulate. They fought the Ausonen tribe, who settled in the Campanian city of Cales , and routed their troops after a minor battle. Six years later, 330 BC. BC, Papirius moved up again to the consulate and this time received Lucius Plautius Venox as a colleague. That year, the residents of Privernum rehearsed the uprising against Rome with the participation of a Fundi party . The commandant of the army of the rebels was Marcus Vitruvius Vaccus , a respected citizen from Fundi, who was also not insignificant in Rome. Papirius was able to defeat Vitruvius Vaccus without any problems, but not cause any major losses, whereupon the defeated enemy army withdrew to the nearby Privernum.

For the last time, Lucius Papirius Crassus is 325 BC. Mentioned BC, when his former Magister equitum Lucius Papirius Cursor himself officiated as dictator. The latter is said to have come into conflict with his equestrian leader Quintus Fabius Maximus Rullianus and therefore elected Lucius Papirius Crassus as his deputy in Rome.

Lucius Papirius Crassus is not associated with the censor of the same name from 318 BC. Identical, as both have different filiations according to the Fasti Capitolini : The fathers of the homonyms both carried the prenomen Lucius , the grandfather of Papirius, but - as mentioned - also the prenomen Lucius , the grandfather of the censor from 318 BC. However the prenomen Marcus .

literature

Remarks

  1. ↑ Cicero, Epistulae ad familiares 9, 21, 2 .
  2. ↑ Fasti Capitolini ad annum 330 BC Chr .: Lucius Papirius L. f. L. n. Crassus II.
  3. ↑ Friedrich Münzer: Papirius 45). In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume XVIII, 3, Stuttgart 1949, Sp. 1035.
  4. ^ Livy 8, 12, 2f.
  5. ↑ Beloch, Roman History , 1926, p. 68.
  6. ↑ Friedrich Münzer: Papirius 45). In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume XVIII, 3, Stuttgart 1949, Sp. 1036.
  7. ↑ Cicero, Epistulae ad familiares 9, 21, 2; Livy 8:16, 1; Diodorus 17, 29, 1; among others
  8. ^ Livy 8, 16, 2, and 6.
  9. ↑ Fasti Capitolini ; Livy 8:19, 1; Diodorus 17, 82, 1; among others
  10. ↑ Livy 8, 19, 4ff.
  11. ^ Livy 8, 36, 1.
  12. ↑ Fasti Capitolini ; on this Friedrich Münzer: Papirius 45). In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume XVIII, 3, Stuttgart 1949, Sp. 1035.
personal data
SURNAME Papirius Crassus, Lucius
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Crassus, Lucius Papirius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Roman dictator 340 BC BC as well as consul 336 and 330 BC Chr.
DATE OF BIRTH 4th century BC Chr.
DATE OF DEATH 4th century BC Chr.