Fondi

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Fondi
coat of arms
Fondi (Italy)
Fondi
Country Italy
region Lazio
province Latina  (LT)
Coordinates 41 ° 21 '  N , 13 ° 26'  E Coordinates: 41 ° 21 '29 "  N , 13 ° 25' 45"  E
height 8  m slm
surface 142 km²
Residents 39,643 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density 279 inhabitants / km²
Post Code 04022
prefix 0771
ISTAT number 059007
Popular name Fondani
Patron saint Sant'Onorato
Website Fondi
The Fondi Valley as seen from the Temple of Jupiter Anxur in Terracina
The Fondi Valley of the Temple of Jupiter Anxur in Terracina of view

Fondi is an Italian city in the province of Latina in the Lazio region with 39,643 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019). The ancient name of the city was Fundi .

geography

Location of Fondi in the province of Latina

Fondi is located 117 km southeast of Rome , 104 km northwest of Naples and 57 km east of Latina .

The town of Fondi lies in a valley at the foot of the Aurunker Mountains and the Ausoni Mountains , which close the valley on three sides. The valley is open on the fourth side towards the Tyrrhenian Sea . The districts of Fondi are Capratica, Cocuruzzo, Curtignano, Fasana, Gegni, Passignano, Querce di Fondi, Rene, Rio Claro, Salto di Fondi, San Magno, San Raffaele, Sant'Andrea, Sant'Oliva, Selva Vetere and Vardito. The municipality extends over a height of −2 to 956  m slm

The two mountains Monte delle Fate (1090 m) and Monte Calvilli (1102 m) feed the numerous springs of the water-rich valley. This excess of water made it necessary, especially from the 17th century to the beginning of the 20th century, to drain swamps, which made the Fondi Valley sterile. Today Fondi is a center of intensive agriculture.

The Lago di Fondi (Fondi Lake) with a surface of approx. 3.8 km² is a good example of a coastal lake . Thanks to the two connections to the sea, the Canale di Sant'Anastasia and the Canneto, the ebb and flow of the sea in Lago di Fondi produce alternating fresh and salt water. The other two coastal lakes in the Fondi Valley are Lago Lungo and Lago di San Puoto.

The coast, which stretches for about 13 km between Terracina and Sperlonga along Fondi, is famous for its fine sand. For the most part, the beach is bordered by dunes, which have been preserved, but are increasingly being built with hotels and beach bars.

The community is located in earthquake zone 3 (little risk).

  • Fondi is part of the XXII Comunità Montana Aurunci e Ausoni
  • The Fondis territory is partly part of the "Parco Naturale Regionale dei Monti Aurunci". A nature park that protects a large part of the Aurunker Mountains.

The neighboring municipalities are Terracina , Monte San Biagio , Vallecorsa ( FR ), Lenola , Campodimele , Itri and Sperlonga in a clockwise direction .

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history

The ancient Fundi was founded according to the mythology of Hercules as a memory of the victory over Cacus . Porphyrios names a temple of Hercules Fundanus , which suggests a special Hercules cult in Fundi. The city was possibly inhabited by the Aurunci and was under the control of the Volscians .

The Greek city of Amyclae or Amunclae existed near Fundi . Remains of Cyclopean masonry on the Pianara plateau east of Fondi were identified as their remains in 2006 by the archaeologists of the University of Bologna Stefania and Lorenzo Quilici. Amyclae was founded in the 3rd century BC. Left BC. According to legend, because of a plague of snakes.

Fundi is mentioned for the first time in history during the Latin War , when its inhabitants were granted limited Roman citizenship as civitas sine suffragio . This is said by Titus Livius to the year 338 BC. BC, from Velleius Paterculus to the year 332 BC. Dated. After a failed attempt at uprising, led by Vitruvius Vaccus (330 BC), Fundi remained a Roman prefecture. Around 188 BC The city received full Roman citizenship and was ruled by three aediles . With the construction of the Via Appia from 312 BC Fundi experienced an upswing.

In the 6th century, Fondi was ravaged by the Lombards . Between 846 and 877 the Saracens established a base in Fondi until they were repulsed in 877 by John VIII after the naval battle at Monte Circeo. John transferred Docibilis I of the Caetani family , Prince of Gaeta , who had supported him in this, to rule over Fondi. John II Caetani divided his principality among his three sons. Fondi remained in the possession of the Caetani until 1504, later the Gaetani Dell'Aquila . In 1378 Onorato I. Caetani united in Fondi the conclave that Clement VII. As antipope to the legitimate Pope Urban VI. chose.

In 1503 the French defeated the Spaniards in the second battle of the Garigliano. Prospero Colonna , who fought on the side of the French, received the Principality of Fondi in 1504. His daughter-in-law Giulia Gonzaga , who ruled from 1526 to 1534, made Fondi a cultural center. In 1534 the corsair attacked Barbarossa to kidnap her and bring Sultan Suleyman I as a wife. Giulia Gonzaga escaped, but Fondi was devastated. She then went to a monastery in Naples. In 1584 Fondi fell to the Carafa family through marriage . In 1690 Heinrich Franz von Mansfeld was enfeoffed for a diplomatic mission with the Principality of Fondi. In 1720 the Di Sangro family acquired the principality.

In 1861, Fondi became part of the Terra del Lavoro Province of the Kingdom of Italy , until the newly founded Province of Latina in 1934

By 1870, the situation on the border between the certain Papal States and the Kingdom of Naples history Fondis.

economy

The good climatic conditions and sufficient irrigation options have made intensive agricultural use of the Fondi area possible. The local economy is heavily geared towards agriculture: the production and sale of agricultural products. Fondi is the seat of the world's second largest wholesaler of agricultural and food products after Paris , selling around 1.15 million tons of goods every year. The citrus fruits that used to be primarily grown have been replaced in recent years by an intensive cultivation of vegetables, early fruit from greenhouses and all kinds of fruit.

Population development

year 1861 1881 1901 1921 1936 1951 1971 1991 2001 2011
Residents 6,577 7,447 9,669 10,896 15,456 19,212 23,197 31,169 31,023 37.202

Source ISTAT

politics

Salvatore De Meo ( Forza Italia ) was elected mayor in March 2010 and confirmed in office in May 2015. His center-right alliance also has the majority in the municipal council with 19 out of 24 seats. He replaced his fellow party member Luigi Parisella (2001-2010), who was no longer a candidate.

Mayor of Fondi:

  • 1994–2001: Onoratino Orticello, ( PPI )
  • 2001–2009: Luigi Parisella, ( Forza Italia )
  • 2009–2010: Guido Nardone, acting mayor
  • since 2010: Salvatore De Meo ( Forza Italia )

Twin town

Attractions

Castello Baronale, the castle of Fondi
Castello Baronale
Castello Baronale
  • The castle, the Castello Baronale, with its characteristic cylindrical tower on a square foundation, over 31 meters high, is a symbol of the city and was built in the 14th century by Onorato I. Caetani on a section of the old Roman city wall. The crenellated towers and the other characteristic features of a castle did not prevent Giulia Gonzaga from establishing her residence there and living there with her multitudes of writers and artists. Since 1997 the castle has been the seat of the city museum.
  • The adjoining "Palazzo del Principe" (Italian palace of the prince), built between 1466 and 1477, is probably the work of the Catalan architect Matteo Forcimanya . The portals of the palace, its double-arched windows, its inner courtyard and its porticos form an interesting synthesis of Angiovini and Gothic - Catalan elements.
  • The palace chapel of Santa Maria Assunta , to which a wide flight of steps extends over the entire width of the front, is adorned by three portals, the middle of which is decorated by a semi-arch with a rose window . The church, commissioned by Onorato II Caetani , was built at the end of the 4th century and stands on a foundation in the form of a Latin cross with three aisles . In addition to its Renaissance altars , there is a ciborium dating back to 1491 and the statue of the Virgin "Maria del Cielo".
  • The characteristic historical quarter of Olmo Perino , "La Giudea" brings back memories of a long Jewish tradition.
  • The thermal bath from the Roman era in today's "Piazza dell 'Unità d' Italia"
  • The megalithic wall in today's "Via Guglielmo Marconi " (Guglielmo-Marconi Street), district "Porta Roma"

sons and daughters of the town

Anniversaries, festivals, exhibitions, cultural events

Fondi hosts various festivals, including the international folklore festival "Città di Fondi", which has been held every August since 1986, the "Fondi Art Festival", a cultural festival (every year in July, since 1998) and the FondiFilmFestival, which has been taking place in July or September since 2002.

The city has awarded the "Fondi La Pastora" prize for dramatic literature since 1974 and the national prize for painting every September since 2001.

In addition, since 2001, Fondi has organized the agricultural, animal and technology fair "Città di Fondi" in June, as well as an annual city market on the occasion of the festival of the city patron Honoratus on October 10th.

Web links

Commons : Fondi  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Statistiche demografiche ISTAT. Monthly population statistics of the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica , as of December 31 of 2019.
  2. ^ Italian civil defense
  3. ↑ Map of the Parco Naturale dei Monti Aurunci ( Memento of the original from July 25, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.parcoaurunci.it
  4. ↑ Jakob Weiss : Fundi. In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume VII, 1, Stuttgart 1910, Col. 293 f. http://ia600503.us.archive.org/5/items/PWRE13/Pauly-Wissowa_VII1_0291.png
  5. ^ La Republicca, March 17, 2006 (Italian), accessed July 14, 2015
  6. ↑ Christian Hülsen : Amunclae . In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume I, 2, Stuttgart 1894, Sp. 1989.
  7. ^ Edward Herbert Bunbury:  Fundi . In: William Smith : Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London 1854.
  8. ↑ Michele D'Innella: Guida Rossa Lazio, Touring Club Italiano, Milan 2005, p. 719.
  9. ↑ Statistiche demografiche ISTAT . Population statistics from the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica, as of December 31, 2011.
  10. ↑ http://www.comunedifondi.it/il-sindaco-di-fondi.php
  11. ↑ La Repubblica , accessed June 22, 2015.
  12. ↑ Ecumenical Lexicon of Saints