Ludmila Hořká

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Ludmila Hořká ( pseudonym , married name Marie Šindelářová , born April 26, 1892 as Marie Holubková in Oppahof , Hultschiner Ländchen ; † October 6, 1966 in Opava ) was a Czech writer and folklorist .

Life

The parents, Benjamin Holubek and Johana, nee Haider, lived in Oppahof (Czech Dvořisko ), a district of Deutsch Krawarn . Marie Holubková first attended the German elementary school in Deutsch Krawarn, then the Czech language (dvojtřidku) in Štítina . When her mother died of consumption on August 18, 1903 , Marie was only eleven years old. The father ran an inn , remarried, and when he died on October 1st, 1915, Marie took over the restaurant and ran it from 1915 to 1938. At the age of 19 she married Vincenc Šumnik, who died a few years later. After six years she married the bricklayer František Šindelář, who was often out of work. The first marriage had three children and the second eight. The son Oldřich died at the age of 17.

Since her early youth she has been collecting local folk songs, fairy tales, legends, proverbs, folk wisdom and myths in the Hultschiner Ländchen. She was interested in folk art , oral traditions , costumes , headgear , jewelry and knitting . After the establishment of the First Czechoslovak Republic in 1918, she continued this collecting activity in an even more targeted manner in the inn she now runs, with performances of local folk songs, stories, fairy tales and legends. In the early 1920s she joined the enthnographic association Sedlišťané (Národopisné sdružení Sedlišťané) in Kostelec na Hané , which was headed by Jan Vyhlídal and František Myslivec (1873-1937). Since 1925 she has published poems, articles and short stories in the regional magazines Moravec , České slovo , Náš domov , Naše slezko , Moravská orlice and Radostná země .

After the Munich Agreement in 1938, she moved to Kostelec na Hané, where she was visited by Petr Bezruč . After eleven months, she returned to Štitina, where she was arrested and interrogated by the Gestapo in 1939 . During a house search, some of her writings were confiscated, which have been lost to this day.

In 1943 the book Doma , the first part of the ethnographic trilogy with an autobiographical background, was published in Prague ; this was followed by Řeka in 1946 and Dolina in 1962 . The ballad Bejatka , a modification of the girl's first name Beáta, the story of a woman, was published in 1959. The chronicle of her place of birth Dvořisko has been preserved as a manuscript. Of the 127 handwritten folk songs, only a part was published.

She exchanged letters with Vladimír Holan , who praised and endorsed her work. In 1946 she received the Badge of Honor for Dedication to Work ( Čestný odznak pracovní obětavosti ) for her services and commitment .

Ludmila Hořká died on October 6, 1966 in the hospital in Opava. The funeral took place a few days later in Štítina.

In memory of Ludmila Hořká, the Bejatka Choral Society ( Národopisný soubor Bejatka ) was founded in Štítina in 1974 on the initiative of the daughters Terezie Háblová and Marie Kociánová . On the occasion of her 120th birthday, an exhibition was opened in the Silesian State Museum (Slezské zemské museum) in Opava in spring 2012 . Her literary life's work in the Hultschiner Ländchen was compared with the work of Božena Němcová . According to her, the street was ulice Ludmily Horke in kravaře named.

Fonts (selection)

  • Doma (at home). Vyšehrad, Prague 1943.
  • Řeka (The River). Vyšehrad, Prague 1949.
  • Národopisné paběrky z hlučínska . Slezský studní ustav, Opava 1948.
  • Beyatka . Krajské nakladatelství, Ostrava 1959.
    • Polish translation Władysław Czaja: Miałam dwóch synów (I had two sons). Krajské nakladatelství, Ostrava 1961.
  • Hanysové . Krajské nakladatelství, Ostrava 1961.
  • Mezivodky . Krajské nakladatelství, Ostrava 1962.
  • Dolina (The Valley). Lidová Demokracie, Praha 1962.
  • Bílé punčochy (white stockings). Krajské nakladatelství, Ostrava 1964.

posthumously

  • Jiří Svoboda (Ed.): Trnité cesty (Thorny Ways): Mezivodky-Bejatka-Hanys Benjamin . Profil, Ostrava 1975.
  • Antonín Satke (Ed.): Tesknice (Homesickness). Matice sleská, Gramma, Český Těšín 1992, ISBN 978-80-90110-74-8 .
  • Ivo Železný (Ed.): Modrá perla (Blue Pearl). Praha 1993, ISBN 978-80-71168-39-3 .

literature

  • Drahomíra Vlašínová: Ludmila Hořká. "hořký život - hořké jméno". Portrét spisovatelky Ludmily Hořké. Nakladatelské údaje, Opava 2008, ISBN 978-80-86887-09-8 .
  • Václav Cichoň: Po stopách Národopisného sdružení Sedlišťané . Havířov Info Press, 2010, ISBN 978-80-903746-2-1 .
  • Libor Pavera: Mezi folklorem a uměním, mezi zeměmi a existencí . 2009, pp. 95-105. (Digitized version)

Honors

  • 1946: Čestný odznak pracovní obětavosti

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ludmila Horka - Marie Holubková. Obec Štítina, March 8, 2008, accessed June 14, 2017 (Czech).
  2. ↑ Liana Melecká: Nazývají ji Boženou Němcovou Hlučínská. 2010, Retrieved June 14, 2017 (Czech).
  3. ↑ Alena Hrazidlová: Ludmila Horka. Bejatka, March 8, 2010, accessed June 14, 2017 (Czech).
  4. ↑ Ludmila Horka Monument. Štítina, accessed June 14, 2017 (Czech).
  5. ↑ Ludmila Horka - Doma na Hlučinsku. Slezské zemské museum, January 8, 2012, accessed June 14, 2017 (Czech).


personal data
SURNAME Hořká, Ludmila
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Holubková, Marie (maiden name); Šindelářová, Marie (married name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Czech writer and folklorist
DATE OF BIRTH April 26, 1892
PLACE OF BIRTH Oppahof , Hultschiner Ländchen
DATE OF DEATH October 6, 1966
Place of death Opava