Ludovico Pontano

Lodovico Pontano (also Ludovicus Pontanus or Romanus ; * around 1409 in Cerreto di Spoleto ; † July 10, 1439 in Basel ) was an Italian lawyer , diplomat and cleric.

Life

Pontano grew up in Rome and studied first in Perugia with Dionigi di Niccolò Barigiani da Perugia († 1435), Giovanni Petrucci da Montesperello and Angelo Perigli da Perugia († 1447) and later in Bologna with Giovanni Nicoletti da Imola († 1436) Roman and canon law . After the examen privatum in Roman law (October 1427) he taught in Florence (1428-1431). In November 1429 he passed his doctorate in both rights in Bologna.

Despite his age, he was already one of Italy's most famous lawyers at this point . From 1431 to 1433, Pontano worked at the Curia of Eugen IV as a Rotar judge and consistorial advocate before accepting a position as professor of Roman law in Siena , with an annual salary of up to 800 guilders . In order to bring Pontano back to the Curia, Eugene IV appointed him apostolic protonotary in 1435 . However, he initially stayed in Siena and in April 1436 went to the Neapolitan court of King Alfonso V of Aragón , who sent him to the Basel Council together with the famous canonist Nicolaus de Tudeschis . Here Pontano initially sided with the pope-friendly minority party and secretly negotiated a return to Eugene IV, but from July 1437 switched to a radical conciliarist course. His extensive council speeches and tracts are important testimonies of the conciliarist speech culture.

In 1438, Pontano undertook two legation trips to Savoy to see Duke Amadeus VIII and to Cologne , Brussels and Leuven to see Archbishop Dietrich II of Moers in Cologne , Duke Philip the Good in Burgundy and to the universities of Cologne and Leuven. At the beginning of 1439 he tried unsuccessfully, together with the other Aragonese ambassadors, to prevent the deposition of Eugene IV and was victim of the plague in July 1439. His grave is in the Carthusian monastery in Basel (today a civil orphanage ).

Works

Consilia , 1568

(only prints listed)

Comments

• Lectura aurea et mirabilis in primam codicis partem [C. 2.1 - 2.10]; Lyon (Hugo a Porta) 1547.
• Lectura ... super secunda parte Codicis [C. 6.9 - 6.50], Pavia (Christoforus de Canibus for Jacobus de Tortis) 1496, Lyon 1547.
• Lectura ... in primam Digesti veteris partem [Dig. 1.21 - 5.4]; Pavia 1496, Lyon 1547.
• Lectura… super secunda parte Digesti veteris [Dig. 12.1-12.6]; Pavia 1496, Lyon 1547.
• Lectura… super prima parte Infortiati… [Dig. 24.3-29.5]; Lyon 1547.
• Lectura… in secundam Infortiati partem [Dig. 36.1]; Lyon 1547.
• Lectura… super prima parte digesti novi [Dig. 39.1 - 42.1]; Pavia 1496, Lyon 1547, Venice 1553, 1580.
• Lectura… super secunda parte digesti novi… [Dig. 45.1]; Lyon 1547.

Repetitiones

• Repetitio ad autenticam Similiter, de relictis ad pias causas (C. 6.50 = Nov. 131.12); Rome 1472, Venice 1472, 1475, Pavia 1483, 1489.
• Repetitio ad l. Si vero § De viro ff. Soluto matrimonio (Dig. 24.3.64.9); Siena (Heinrich von Haarlem) 1494 (Hain 13284), Pavia (B. de Garaldis) 1506, 1511.
• Repetitio de arbitris (Dig. 4.8); Pavia 1493, 1496 (both with: Johannes Andreas de Boscho and Michael Garaldus); Rome (Antonio and Raffaele da Volterra) around 1475; Venice (Bernardinus Benalius) 1496/98; included in the Lectura to Dig. 4.8. (Lyon 1547, f. 57ra-61va).
• Repetitio de heredibus instituendis (C. 6.24.1); Pavia 1496, Lyon 1547.
• Repetitio de conditione indebiti (Dig. 12.6.1); Pavia 1496, Lyon 1547.
• Repetitio de iureiurando (Dig. 12.2.31); Pavia 1496, Lyon 1547.
• Repetitio ad senatus consultum trebellianum § Idem Julianus (Dig. 36.1.11.1); Lyon 1547, f. 16ra-20vb.

Singularia

• Singularia sive Notabilia; Rome (Antonio and Raffaele da Volterra) 1474, Strasbourg (Heinrich Eggestein) 1475/80, Pavia 1501, Paris 1508, 1510, Milan 1501, 1506, 1508, 1519, Lyon 1517, 1526, 1531, 1535, 1541, 1542, 1560 , Venice (Johann von Köln and Johann Manthen) 1475, (Andreas de Bonetis) 1486, (Andreas Calabrensis) 1489, 1557, 1558, Frankfurt / Main 1596, 1629.
• Singularia in causis criminalibus [collection compiled by Lauro Palazzoli from the titles of the fifth book of Liber Extra]; Prints: Lübeck undated (Hain 13268); Venice 1471, 1475, 1485, 1489, 1496; Milan 1477; Frankfurt 1629.

Consilia

• Consilia et Allegationes; Rome (Antonio and Raffaele da Volterra for Battista Brendi) 1474; Pavia (Franciscus Girardengus) 1485, 1504, 1507, 1585; Milan 1489, 1508; Venice (Johannes and Gregorius de Gregoriis) 1493, (Bonetus Locatellus for Andreas Torresanus) 1500, (Battista Torti) 1517, 1528, (Fontana) 1568, (Girolamo Zenaro) 1581; Frankfurt (Sigmund Feyerabend) 1577; Lyon (Jean de Jonvelle) 1520, 1533, (Jacques Giunta and Jean Moylin) 1539, (Jacques Giunta) 1545, (Claude Servain) 1555, (Claude Servain) 1565; Turin (Niccolò Bevilaqua) 1582.

Legistic short treatises

• Tractatus de renunciationibus, inc. Epistula divi Hadriani ... expl. … Inveniendi renunciationes prout convenit.
• Tractatus de presumptionibus, inc. In causis criminalibus probaciones ... expl. … Autem si quis ei nuper allegata.
• Casus in quibus non defertur iusiurandum in defectu semiplenae probationis, inc. Testes non reddens rationem sui dicti ...
• De sententia diffinitiva, interlocutoria et mixta; Print as an appendix to Giovanni Battista Caccialupi: Tractatus de advocatis, Siena (Heinrich von Köln) c. 1500.

Speeches, sermons and conciliarist writings

• Speech to Alfonso V (1436 May – Oct.), Inc. Cogitavi, serenissime princeps, aliquod verbale munusculum ...
• Defense letter for Alfons V, inc. In primis sacrum Basiliense concilium , (1436 May - Oct.); Döllinger, Johannes Joseph Ignaz von (ed.): Materials on the history of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries (contributions to the political, ecclesiastical and cultural history of the last six centuries 2), Regensburg 1863, No. IV, pp. 403-413.
• Inaugural address before the Basel Council on behalf of the embassy of King Alfonso V of Aragón, inc. Inspexit serenissimus (1436 Dec. 1); Mansi, Joannes Dominicus (ed.): Sacrorum Conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio, Vol. I-XXXI, Florence-Venice 1759-1798 (ND Graz 1960-61), Vol. XXIX, Sp. 534-544 and as an annex to: Ludovicus Pontanus, Consilia et allegationes, Pavia (Franciscus Girardengus) 1485 and so on.
• Talk about the ineligibility of Avignon as a place of the Union Council, inc. Civitatem Awinionensem non fore locum maritinum (1436 Dec. 5).
• Sermon on the day of Thomas Aquinas, inc. Vos estis lux mundi (1437 March 7); Mansi XXIX, col. 544-557; Pontano, Consilia (Venice edition 1500), no.524, f. 185v-187v.
• Talk about breach of contract Avignons, inc. Queritur primo, numquid domini Avinionenses (1437 April 12) (= Consilium 352).
• Speech in Defense of the Minority Party, inc. Queritur, numquid maiore parte universitatis (after 1437 May 7) (= Consilium 366).
• Speech against the Papal Translation Bull, inc. Beatissimus papa Sixtus (end of 1437) (= Consilium 522).
• Speech for the Appointment of the Pope, inc. Questio discucienda est (end of 1437) (= Consilium 523).
• Speech in defense of the Monitorium against Eugene IV., Inc. Presens citacio (1437 July 31).
• Answer speech against Giuliano Cesarini, inc. Primum diligenter (1437 Dec. 28).
• Answer speech to the envoys of the Electors, inc. Oracio vestra in medio (1438 Jan. 17); Würdtwein, Stephan Alexander: Subsidia diplomatica ad selecta juris ecclesiastici ..., Vol. VII, Heidelberg 1776, pp. 57–92.
• Treatise on Imperial Convocation Law, inc. Dum queritur, an ad imperatorem pertineat novi concilii convocacio (after 1438 January 24).
• Tractatus de potestate universalis ecclesie et generalium conciliorum, inc. Dixerit forte quisquam (before April 1438).
• First speech to Amadeus VIII of Savoy, inc. Sancta et universalis ecclesia, auctore domino, per sanctam Basiliensem synodum (end of April 1438).
• Second speech to Amadeus VIII., Inc. Cognovit, religiosissime ac illustrissime princeps, sancta generalis synodus (end of April 1438).
• Third speech to Amadeus VIII., Inc. Inter ceteras tue sublimitatis (end of April 1438).
• Sermon on the Day of the Apostles Peter and Paul, inc. Constitues eos principes super omnes terram (1438 June 29).
• Speech to Dietrich von Moers, Ebf. from Cologne, inc. Illustrissime pater et princeps illustrissime. Sancta catholica et universalis ecclesia (1438 August 16-20).
• Speech to Philip the Good, Hz. Von Burgund, Illustrissime princeps et prepotentissime duce. Sancta catholica et universalis ecclesia (1438 August 28).
• Two defense speeches for Cardinal Juan de Cervantes on the regalia of the Legate, inc. Questio est, preposita suspensione papali (1438 Dec. 8).

literature

• Pompeo Falcone: Ludovico Pontano e sua attività al Concilio di Basilea 1436–1439. Spoleto 1934.
• Johannes Helmrath: The Basel Council 1431-1445. State of research and problems (= Cologne historical treatises. 32). Cologne 1987, ad ind.
• Charles Lefebvre: Pontanus, Ludovicus. In: Dictionnaire de Droit Canonique. 7, 1965, pp. 22f.
• Otto Vervaart: Vita brevis, opera multa. Ludovicus Pontanus de Roma (1409–1439), a profilic writer. In: legal history (s)? Histoire (s) you droit? Storia / storie del diritto? Legal histori (es)? European Forum of Young Legal Historians. Zurich 28-30. May 1999, published by the Association of Young Legal Historians Zurich (Legal History Series 220), Frankfurt am Main 2000, pp. 165–175.
• Thomas Woelki: Two brothers have a career. Lodovico and Francesco Pontano at the universities of Bologna, Florence and Siena (approx. 1426–36). In: Yearbook for University History . 12, 2009, pp. 87-112.
• Thomas Woelki: Lodovico Pontano (approx. 1409–1439). A legal career at the University, Fürstenhof, Curia and Council (= Education and Society in the Middle Ages and Renaissance. 38). Leiden 2011.

Web links

• Ludovicus Pontanus (Romanus) in the repertory "Historical Sources of the German Middle Ages"