Lundehøj

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Discovered in 1837, Lundehøj (also Østergård Lundhøj) on Oddesundvej on a ridge near Heltborg in Ydby Hede near Hurup in Thy in Denmark is one of the passage graves on the Limfjord in northern Jutland , which is equipped with a side chamber .

30 such systems can be found in Jutland, around the Limfjord , in Djursland ( Tustrup ), three on Zealand ( Hørhøj and passage grave in Kornerup Mark ) and two on Lolland ( Bag-Hyldehøj and Torhøj ). The passage grave was built between 3500 and 2800 BC. Built during the Neolithic Age and belongs to the megalithic systems of the Funnel Beaker Culture (TBK).

The passage grave is a type of Neolithic megalithic system consisting of a chamber and a structurally separated passage. This form is primarily found in Denmark, Germany and Scandinavia, as well as occasionally in France and the Netherlands. Neolithic monuments are an expression of the culture and ideology of Neolithic societies. Their origin and function are considered to be the hallmarks of social development.

description

The side chambers were performed at the same time as the main chamber, which is about 7.6 m long and two meters wide. This consists of 14 preserved bearing stones and four cap stones. The side chamber, the narrow entrance of which is roughly opposite the mouth of the passage, widens behind the entrance to the left to form a polygonal chamber made of four supporting stones and two cap stones. The long corridor of the chamber consists of four triliths . The plant of the funnel beaker culture (TBK) comes from the middle Neolithic (about 3200–2800 BC).

  • Lundehøj

  • Lundehøj

  • Access from the east

  • Entrance with a gate

  • Old engraving of the chamber

The farmer Jens Christian Nielsen Ullerup came across several large stones while building a furnace in the hill and removed one of the cap stones so that one could get into the chamber. One of the first to visit the hill was the teacher Laurids Kjer. His observations included carved figures on two large stones and several bones. During his visit to the Chamber he made sketches and wrote a report to the Royal Commission for the Preservation of Antiquities in Copenhagen . Others also sent reports to Christian Juergensen Thomsen (1788–1865) in Copenhagen, one of the most important archaeologists of his time. The numerous reports and Pastor Madelung's urgent appeal that had been received in Copenhagen in the spring of 1837 had an effect. Thomsen requested that the state buy the land on which Lundehøj was located, which was done in November 1837 for $ 200.

In particular, Laurids Kjer's observation of the figures on some stones attracted attention in Copenhagen and Japetus Steenstrup (1813–1897) was sent to Thy to examine the characters. Steenstrup wasn't sure whether the notches were man-made or whether they were natural indentations in the rock. Magnus Petersen established in 1875 that it was not rock carvings, which was confirmed in 1939 by PV Glob and in 1993 during a restoration by Svend Hansen Illum. Rock carvings have so far only been found in a few Danish passage graves, for example in Rævehøj from Dalby on Zealand and in a dolmen on Alsen simple ( wheel crosses ), while bowls are known from many places. One of the discoveries in 1993 was that the place on which the hill stands had previously been plowed by the first farmers in Denmark (as was the case with Tinghøj ).

See also

literature

  • Jytte Nielsen: Lundehøj - en jættestue i Sydthy. In: Historisk Årbog for Thy og Vester Hanherred. 1991, ISSN  0904-6267 , pp. 106-118, online (PDF; 120.18 kB) .
  • Torben Dehn: Restaureringen af ​​jættestuen Lundehøj i 1993. In: Sydthy Årbog. 1997, ISSN  0900-2103 , pp. 6-10, online (PDF; 1.79 MB) .
  • Svend Illum Hansen: The Man in Lundehøj. Rock Carvings in Danish Megalithic Monuments. In: Adorants. Årsskrift. 1997, ISSN  0349-8808 , pp. 12-19.
  • Karsten Kjer Michaelsen: Politics bent om Danmarks oldtid . Copenhagen 2002 ISBN 87-567-6458-8 , p. 87.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Johannes Müller : Neolithic Monuments and Neolithic Societies. In: Hans-Jürgen Beier , Erich Claßen, Thomas Doppler, Britta Ramminger (eds.): Varia neolithica VI. Neolithic Monuments and Neolithic Societies. Contributions from the meeting of the Neolithic Working Group during the annual meeting of the North-West German Association for Ancient Research in Schleswig, 9. – 10. October 2007 (= contributions to the prehistory and early history of Central Europe. Vol. 56). Beier & Beran, Langenweißbach 2009, ISBN 978-3-941171-28-2 , pp. 7-16, here p. 15.

Web links

Coordinates: 56 ° 46 ′ 5.6 "  N , 8 ° 28 ′ 8.4"  E