Lycianthes rantonnetii
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Lycianthes rantonnetii |
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| ( Carrière ) Bitter |
Lycianthes rantonnetii ( Synonym Solanum rantonnetii ) is a species of the genus Lycianthes inthe nightshade family ( Solanaceae ). Theplant, which isoften grown as an ornamental plant, is also sometimes referred to as a gentian bush , potato flower or potato tree.
description
Vegetative characteristics
The plants of the species Lycianthes rantonnetii are unreinforced shrubs with a height of up to 2 m. The branches are slender and point away from the nodes at a noticeable angle . The internodes have a length of about 5 cm. The twigs are lightly downy, later becoming bald. Most of the hair consists of simple trichomes , only a small part of the trichomes are branched.
The leaves are thin, sharp-pointed and have entire or only slightly wavy edges. They are barely hairy and have short petioles. The larger leaves are usually 5 to 7 cm long and 3 to 4 cm wide, but occasionally they are up to twice as large.
Inflorescences and flowers
The flowers are terminal or in the axils in clusters of one to five flowers. The slender flower stalks are 3 to 4 cm long. The calyx is 2 to 3 mm long, is incised on the edge and forms one to five pointed teeth, which are occasionally humped, and one to five cusps or swellings that alternate with the calyx teeth. The deep blue to purple crown is clearly marked with a yellow eye in the middle. It has a diameter of about 3.5 to 4 cm, the flower border is wide and the edge is wavy. The filaments are 1 to 3 mm long, strong and easily to the base of the anthers out fine hairs. The strong anthers are 2 to 4 mm long and open through large pores that are located at the tip of the anthers. The pollen grains are 17 to 23 µm in size. The stylus is bent above the dust bag, the ovary is glabrous.
fruit
The fruits are red, heart-shaped berries with a diameter of 20 to 35 mm. They often contain more than 25 stone bodies (sclerosomes) .
Chromosome number
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.
Botanical history
The species was first described in 1859 by Élie-Abel Carrière as Solanum rantonnetii . For a long time it was accidentally called Solanum rantonnetii , but Carrière chose the Latinization of the name “M. Rantonnet “the variant Rantonneus and not Rantonnetius , which corresponds to the French pronunciation of the name. In 1919 Georg Bitter assigned the species to the genus Lycianthes , which was often again subordinated to the nightshade ( Solanum ), but today, as an independent genus, is closer to the peppers ( Capsicum ) than to the nightshade.
origin
The plant originally comes from Brazil , Bolivia , Argentina and Paraguay .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hansjörg Haas: Plant cut: It's so easy , GU, ISBN 978-3833863523 , limited preview in the Google book search
- ↑ Potato flower , potato tree - care and overwintering hausgarten.net
- ↑ Potato flower haushalts-und-gartenlexikon.de
- ^ A b c d William D'Arcy: Solanum and Its Close Relatives in Florida . In: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden , Volume 61, Number 3, 1974. Pages 819-867. doi : 10.2307 / 2395032
- ^ A b J. Francis Macbride: Solanaceae . In: Flora of Peru , Field Museum of Natural History Botanical Series, Volume XIII, Part VB, Number 1, 1962.
- ^ Lycianthes rantonnetii at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ Carmen Benítez de Rojas, William D'Arcy: The Genus Lycianthes (Solanaceae) in Venezuela . In: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden , Volume 84, 1997. Pages 167-200.
- ↑ RG Olmstead et al .: Phylogeny and Provisional Classification of the Solanaceae Based on Chloroplast DNA (PDF file; 128 kB) . In Solanaceae IV, Advances in Biology and Utilization , editors: M. Nee, DE Symon, JP Jessup, and JG Hawkes, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 1999. Pages 111-137.
- ↑ http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html Lycianthes rantonnetii Editor United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Area