Måneshøj

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The Måneshøj (also Månehøj) located in the village Svinøvester on the Svinø Peninsula on the west side of Zealand in Denmark . The passage grave of the funnel cup culture was created between 3500 and 2800 BC. And was restored in 2004 by the National Museum. The passage grave is a form of Neolithic megalithic systems , which consists of a chamber and a structurally separated, lateral passage. This form is primarily found in Denmark, Germany and Scandinavia, as well as occasionally in France and the Netherlands. The peninsula was still an island at the time of its creation. Neolithic monuments are an expression of the culture and ideology of Neolithic societies. Their origin and function are considered to be the hallmarks of social development.

Scheme double-aisle grave on the right (here Klekkende Høj)

description

Månehøj is one of about 50 double- passage graves ( Danish Dobbeltjættestuer), the main area of ​​which is the island of Zealand. This type does not occur outside of Denmark and Sweden. Why passage graves with two chambers were built and in what form they were used is unknown. The two chambers are separated by an upright stone on which a layer of dry stone masonry lies. The axes of the double chambers usually form an obtuse angle and thus adapt to the round hill. The Klekkende Høj on Møn is the only example of a chamber system whose chamber and passage axes are at right angles and form completely straight lines. Since the systems have a common component with the end stone on the side, they should have been created at the same time. The symmetrical chambers, with the unusually large, partially covered, south-west oriented entrances , lie in the remains of a high mound of earth. Måneshøj was excavated by the National Museum in 1908 after the landowner started demolishing the hill. The complex was opened from above, which explains the partially open ceiling of the passage grave. The natural decay of an open facility was the reason for the restoration for the National Museum. The red sandstone tiles between the walls were also renewed.

Finds

During the excavation, skeletal remains of men, women and children were found in both chambers, so that there is no gender-specific division of the burials between the chambers. The National Museum has more than 300 different finds from Måneshøj. Apart from some polished stone axes and tools from flint many shards were found by decorated ceramics, including a beautiful vessel with face and heavily worked out eyes and eyebrows ( Eye Idol , Danish Ansigtskar ) whose ornamentation into stage III, in the so-called Bundsø belongs style .

See also

literature

  • Klaus Ebbesen: Dobbeltjættestuen "Måneshøj" ved Svinø. In: Klaus Ebbesen: Danske jættestuer. Attika, Vordingborg 2009, ISBN 978-87-7528-737-6 , pp. 397-436.
  • Svend Hansen: Jættestuer i Danmark. Construction and restoration. Miljøministeriet - Skov- og Naturstyrelsen, Copenhagen 1993, ISBN 87-601-3386-4 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Johannes Müller : Neolithic Monuments and Neolithic Societies. In: Hans-Jürgen Beier , Erich Claßen, Thomas Doppler, Britta Ramminger (eds.): Varia neolithica VI. Neolithic Monuments and Neolithic Societies. Contributions from the meeting of the Neolithic Working Group during the annual meeting of the North-West German Association for Antiquity Research. V. in Schleswig, 9. – 10. October 2007 (= contributions to the prehistory and early history of Central Europe. Vol. 56). Beier & Beran, Langenweißbach 2009, ISBN 978-3-941171-28-2 , pp. 7-16, here p. 15.
  2. ↑ List of Dobbelt or Tvillingejættestuer: Djævelhøj , Klekkende Høj , Korshøj , Møllehøj im Hornsherred , Ølshøj

Web links

Coordinates: 55 ° 6 ′ 53.1 ″  N , 11 ° 44 ′ 26.1 ″  E