Maksim tank

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Postage stamp for the 100th birthday of Maksim Tank
Cyrillic ( Belarusian )
Maксім Тaнк
Transl. : Maksim tank
Transcr. : Maxim tank
Cyrillic ( Russian )
Максим Танк
Transl .: Maksim tank
Transcr .: Maxim tank

Maxim Tank , civic Jauhen Skurko ( Belarusian Максім Танк, Яўген Іванавіч Скурко ; born September 4, jul. / 17th September  1912 greg. In Pilkowschtschina, today Myadzyel District , Minsk Region , † 7. August 1995 ) was a poet and writer Western Belarus .

Life

Maksim Tank came from a farming family. In 1914 he had to leave for Moscow with his family . There he attended elementary school. In 1921 he returned home with his family and attended the Russian and Belarusian grammar schools in Vilnius . In 1927 he joined the Komsomol , the youth organization of the CPSU , took part in demonstrations and was very active in the illegal communist party of Western Belarus. As a result, he was sentenced to six years in prison in 1933. However, the appeals court reduced the sentence to two years probation.

Tank's first poem appeared in the illegal magazine "Pralom" in 1931. After his release in 1934, he continued to publish legal and illegal communist works. His first collection of poems "Na etapach" was published in 1936 by the Communist Party. It was confiscated shortly afterwards, but it had a strong impact on many Belarusians and other writers during the Polish occupation. “Na etapach” is also formally remarkable and, like all of his works, includes a wide variety of topics, genres and meters.

At the beginning of the Second World War, Tank was in Białystok . He took his family to the Saratov region by train and began training as a career officer there. But the leadership brought him to Moscow, where he worked for the newspaper “Soviet Belarus”. Since the summer of 1942, Maksim Tank worked for the satirical newspaper "Crush the fascist vermin". In 1945 he published several volumes of poetry, a. a. "Prepare the weapons" and "Through the fiery horizon". Maksim Tank worked as a literary editor for various magazines. From 1948 to 1966 he was editor-in-chief of the magazine "Die Flamme". This is where his organizational talent came to the fore.

As a participant in Soviet delegations, he often traveled abroad at this time. He visited almost all people's democratic countries, the USA and Western Europe, where he got to know foreign cultures and countries and exchanged experiences. He also translated many works into the Belarusian language - a total of more than 160 poets, including Gorky , Mayakovsky , Adam Mickiewicz and many more. Maksim Tank also took part in the First World Peace Congress after World War II and represented the USSR three times in the UN . From 1966 to 1990 he was chairman of the BSSR writers' association. He was very committed to the literature of ethnic minorities and their promotion in the USSR. Since 1966 he has held several important positions, including a member of the Supreme Soviet, a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Belarus, a member of the Belarusian Academy of Science and leading positions at the Belarusian Writers' Union. He died on August 7, 1995.

“He will forever remain an extraordinary talent, a brilliant poet, a wise man. He will remain a star of the first magnitude not only for Belarus, but also for all of Slavic literature. "

Act

Tank's literary legacy is inextricably linked with his homeland and his country, the historical phases and the painful experiences of the Belarusian people. He wrote: "I often spent the days and nights near my pine trees in Narochansky, where all my worries, where all my joy, where all my thoughts are."

His poetry collection "Na etapach" (In stages, 1936), "Žuravinavy cvet" (The cranberry blossom, 1937) and "Pad mačtaj" (Under the mast, 1938) appeared under Polish rule. He also edited the poems "Narač" (1937) and "Kastus' Kalinouski" (1938). During the war, Maksim Tank worked on a partisan poem "Januk Sjaliba" (1943). And after the war he published a new volume of poetry almost every year, including some for children.

What is special about Tank's lyric is the originality and abundance of the verses, the varied rhythm and the expressiveness of the intonation. Later he turned to more philosophical free verse. In his diary "Listki kalendara" (Calendar Pages) published in 1970, the time until the integration of West Belarus into the Soviet Union is dealt with. His best poems were translated into Russian in 1977 and published in the book "Narochansky Pines". In Vilnius, Maksim Tank met many other well-known poets and thinkers who enriched each other. Maksim Tanks works have been translated as separate editions into Russian, Ukrainian, Lithuanian, Latvian, Uzbek, Tajish, Kazakh, Polish, Bulgarian, and Korean.

“Tank is undoubtedly one of the most important Belarusian poets. Idealism, depth of feeling, the imagery of the language and the musicality of the verse are essential features of his poetry. "

“Maxim Tank [...] was a writer of great talent, characterized by deep patriotism and unique. He was a king of poetry, documentarist, writer, translator, well-known political-social activist, philosopher and poet. His poetry has soaked up all the colors and words of the Belarusian country, revealing its originality and beauty. His creativity will persist beyond the horizon of his time in a new era at the turn of the 21st century. "

Works

  • «На этапах» (1936, факсымільнае ў 1983, Менск) (Na etapach; Eng .: in the stage)
  • "Журавінавы цвет" (1937, Žuravinavy cvet; German: crane light)
  • «Пад мачтай» (1938, Pad mačtaj; Eng .: under the mast)
  • «Вершы» (1947, 1948, Veršy; German: poems)
  • «У дарозе» (1954, U daroze; German: on the road / on the way)
  • «Лірыка» (1963, Liryka; German: poetry)
  • "Дарога і хлеб" (1988; Daroha i chleb; German: street and bread)
  • "Паслухайце, вясна ідзе" (1990, Pasluchajce, vjasna idze; Eng .: hear, spring is coming)
  • In Shushenskoye. Translated by Michail Schaiber. In: Soviet literature 4/1976, p. 3 [poetry]

Contributions to anthologies

  • The encounter; In the rain; I love you, Naratsch, the bays ...; The poetry; On the bridge; In the flower shop; The distant snow; The mother sends…. Translated by Ferdinand Neureiter. In: Annus Albaruthenicus 2002. pp. 131–136 [poetry]
  • Herbarium. Translated by Natalie Sinner. In: Soviet literature 2/1981, p. 4 f. [Lyric]
  • On the bridge; Solar eclipse; Maybe because as a child I ...; The birches whisper at the fountain ...; Look, today too ...; Which is why it's getting evening. Übers. Thomas Weiler. In: Ostragehege 73-I / 2014, p. 36 f. [Poetry] ISSN  0947-1286
  • Classic; The trigger for her anger ...; I am building a new path ...; Epitaph. Übers. Thomas Weiler. In: Radar 1 (9) 2014. pp. 52–57 [poetry]
  • The poetry; The monument. Translated from Waldemar Dege. In: The flaming thorn bush. Poetry from the Soviet Union. Selection and compilation by Wladimir Ognew, Berlin: Volk und Welt 1987, pp. 257–258 [poetry]
  • The meeting; Gray huts, fences and gates…; The lyre player; Poetry; Luck; My daily bread; The windows of the old house; Distant snow. Translated by Ferdinand Neureiter. In: Belarusian anthology. Munich: Sagner 1983. pp. 169-177. [Lyric]
  • In iron, in gold, in granite. Translated from the Russian by Johannes Warkentin. In: Sowjetliteratur 3/1983, p. 3. [Lyrik]
  • I love people who believe ...; I like to travel on the express train at night ...; The night over Khatyn ...; We both can't decide ...; If I go away one day ...; New Years Eve; “I will love forever!”…; I carelessly bent a birch branch ...; The Law of Conservation of Matter; The pulse of the earth is locked by the seismograph ...; The happiness, the simple, mean ...; Sometimes, in my youth ...; What a spring day! ... Translated by Sepp Österreicher. In: Soviet literature 9/1982, pp. 110–115. [Lyric]
  • Before the wandering; On the scales of the lakes; A horseshoe found ...; The trees are dying ...; The new road; Where did they get so much joy from ...; The most unforgettable dreams…; When you call me Translated by Natalie Sinner. In: Soviet literature 1/1979, pp. 134-138. [Lyric]
  • Mask; Summer rain; I once went to hell with Dante ... A. In: Soviet literature 10/1973, pp. 144–146. [Lyric]
  • Take care of you, home regions ...; Certainly, an ax is to blame for everything (translator Franz Leschnitzer ); The earth has already healed its wounds (transl. Sepp Österreicher). In: Soviet literature 11/1972, p. 148 f. [Lyric]
  • A human happiness, simple, modest ...; Certainly, an ax alone is to blame for everything; Water boils every night ... (translator Franz Leschnitzer); Window panes of an old house; I knew people who knew everything (translator Klara Peters); The earth has already healed its wounds ... (Translator: Sepp Österreicher); People are born differently (transl. Natalie Sinner). In: Soviet literature 7/1967, pp. 141–144. [Lyric]

literature

  • Neureiter, Ferdinand (ed.): Belarusian anthology. A reader on Belarusian literature. Munich 1983.
  • McMillin, Arnold (ed.): Belarusian Literature in the 1950s and 1960s. In modules on Slavic philology and cultural history. Böhlau, Cologne 1999
  • Alhierd Bacharevič : Right to a rhythm disturbance . Übers. Thomas Weiler. In: Radar 1 (9) 2014. P. 58 f.

Web links

Commons : Maksim Tank  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c “On the 100th birthday of the Belarusian national poet Maxim Tank”. oewg.org, accessed on May 27, 2013 .
  2. ^ Ferdinand Neureiter: Belarusian anthology. A reader on Belarusian literature, 1983
personal data
SURNAME Tank, Maksim
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Skurko, Jauhen (real name); Тaнк, Maксім (Belarusian); Скурко, Яўген Іванавіч (real name, Belarusian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Belarusian poet and writer
DATE OF BIRTH September 17, 1912
PLACE OF BIRTH Pilkovshchina, Myadsel Raion , Minskaya Woblasz
DATE OF DEATH August 7, 1995