Leather yellow swindler

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Leather yellow swindler
Marasmius torquescens Quel 320363 + 320364.jpg

Leather yellow swindler ( Marasmius torquescens )

Systematics
Class : Agaricomycetes
Subclass : Agaricomycetidae
Order : Mushroom-like (Agaricales)
Family : Vertigo relatives (Marasmiaceae)
Genre : Vertigo ( Marasmius )
Type : Leather yellow swindler
Scientific name
Marasmius torquescens
Quél.

The leather yellow swindler ( Marasmius torquescens , syn. Marasmius lupuletorum ) is a species of fungus from the family of vertigo relatives (Marasmiaceae). The fruiting bodies appear in deciduous and mixed deciduous forests from September to November. The inedible Schwindling is also called felt-stemmed or ocher Schwindling .

features

Macroscopic features

The hat is 1–3 cm wide, hemispherical when young, later spread out. It then has a blunt, more or less noticeable hump. The leather-yellow to ocher-brown, smooth surface is finely frosted or matt when dry. It shines when wet. The hat is grooved to the middle, the middle of the hat is often darker in color. The edge of the hat is notched more or less wavy with age.

The distant, thick and cross-veined lamellae are narrowly attached to the stem or are almost free. They are cream to pale buff and more or less colored like the hat, their edges are also the same color. The spore powder is white.

The thin, cylindrical stem is 3–8 cm long and 1–2 cm wide. Its interior is hollow and its surface is velvety and matt. The tip of the handle is colored pale cream, towards the base the handle is red-brown and colored almost black at the base. The base of the stem is covered with a conspicuous light brown to whitish mycelial felt. The thin, pale flesh is tough and tastes mild but unpleasant. The smell is unobtrusive.

Microscopic features

The smooth, oval, elliptical to teardrop-shaped spores are 6–10 µm long and 4–6 µm wide. They are hyaline and inamyloid. Cystides are only present on the lamellar surfaces. They are hardly noticeable and arise a little deeper than the basidia . Brown- walled, bristle-shaped spinules are present on the cap skin and on the stem .

Species delimitation

The leather yellow swindler can easily be confused with the field swindler ( Marasmius oreades ). Microscopically it is unmistakable by its very conspicuous spinules in the hat skin. Such brown-walled bristles are also found on the lamellar surfaces of the very similar, unrubbed horn-handled swindler ( Marasmius cohaerens ).

ecology

The fruiting bodies of the vertebrate appear from September to November individually or in smaller, sometimes tufted groups in moist, base-rich beech and mixed beech forests. The fungus grows in the leaf litter and on branches of hardwoods, rarely also on conifers.

distribution

European countries with found evidence of the leather yellow swindler.
Legend:
green = countries with found reports
cream white = countries without evidence
light gray = no data
dark gray = non-European countries.

The Schwindling seems to be a purely European species, but it is nowhere particularly common and is absent in many areas. The mushroom is widespread in France, the Benelux countries and all of Central Europe. In Great Britain it is only fairly common in England, and becomes very rare in the north. There are only a few reports of finds from Scotland. The species seems to be completely absent on the Irish island. In the north, the leather yellow Schwindling is only found in southern Scandinavia, where the distribution area extends up to a maximum of 61 degrees of latitude. In Finland it seems almost entirely absent. There are few reports of finds from the Varsinais-Suomi region and from the island of Åland . The fungus appears to be widespread in southern and southeastern Europe. In Bulgaria it occurs both in the Danube Plain, the Black Sea coast and in the various mountains.

meaning

Due to the small, tough fruiting bodies, the Schwindling is not used as an edible mushroom.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Ewald Gerhardt: Mushrooms. Volume 1: Lamellar mushrooms, pigeons, milklings and other groups with lamellas (=  spectrum of nature / BLV intensive guide ). BLV, Munich / Vienna / Zurich 1984, ISBN 3-405-12927-3 , p. 117 .
  2. ^ A b Hans E. Laux: The great cosmos mushroom guide. All edible mushrooms with their poisonous doppelgangers . Kosmos, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-440-08457-4 , pp. 88 .
  3. ↑ a b Karin Monday: Leather yellow swindling Marasmius torquescens In the virtual mushroom book. In: Tintling.com . Retrieved December 7, 2013 .
  4. ↑ a b Cvetomir M. Denchev, Boris Assyov: Checklist of the larger basidiomycetes in Bulgaria . In: Mycotaxon . tape 111 , 2010, ISSN  0093-4666 , p. 279–282 ( online [PDF]).
  5. ↑ Belgian List 2012 - Marasmius torquescens. Retrieved December 7, 2013 .
  6. ↑ Zdenko Tkalcec, Armin Mesic: Preliminary checklist of Agaricales from Croatia. I. Families Pleurotaceae and Tricholomataceae. In: Mycotaxon . Vol: 81, 2002, pp. 113-176 (English, online ). , cybertruffle.org.uk ( Memento of the original from September 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.cybertruffle.org.uk
  7. ^ A b c Worldwide distribution of Marasmius torquescens. (No longer available online.) In: GBIF Portal / data.gbif.org. Archived from the original on December 12, 2013 ; Retrieved December 7, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / data.gbif.org
  8. ↑ Jean-Pierre Prongué, Rudolf Wiederin, Brigitte Wolf: The fungi of the Principality of Liechtenstein . In: Natural history research in the Principality of Liechtenstein . Vol. 21. Vaduz 2004 ( online [PDF]).
  9. ^ S. Petkovski: National Catalog (Check List) of Species of the Republic of Macedonia . In: Acta Botanica Croatica . 2009 ( Online [PDF; 1.6 MB ; accessed on December 7, 2013]). , Archive ( Memento from February 15, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
  10. ↑ a b Marasmius torquescens. Pilzoek database, accessed December 7, 2013 .
  11. ^ TV Andrianova and others: Marasmius torquescens. Fungi of Ukraine. In: cybertruffle.org.uk. Retrieved December 7, 2013 .
  12. ^ NMV Verspreidingsatlas online: Marasmius torquescens. In: verspreidingsatlas.nl. Retrieved December 7, 2013 .
  13. ^ Grid map of Marasmius torquescens. In: NBN Gateway / data.nbn.org.uk. Retrieved December 7, 2013 .
  14. ↑ Ilkka Kytövuori et al.: Chapter 5.2, Distribution table of agarics and boletes in Finland . ISBN 952-11-1997-7 , pp. 105–225 ( Chapter 5.2, Distribution table of agarics and boletes in Finland [PDF] Original title: Helttasienten ja tattien levinneisyystaulukko .).

Web links

Commons : Ledergelber Schwindling ( Marasmius torquescens )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files
  • Marasmius torquescens. In: Funghi in Italia / funghiitaliani.it. Retrieved December 7, 2013 (Italian, photos from Ledergelben Schwindling).