Margarete Streicher

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Margarete Streicher (born April 9, 1891 in Graz , Austria-Hungary , † February 1, 1985 in Vienna ) was an Austrian gymnastics teacher .

Life

After graduating from high school in 1911, she studied natural history and biology, completed a gym teacher training course in 1914 and received her doctorate in 1916 at the University of Vienna . From 1914 to 1918 she taught science and gymnastics at girls' middle schools. She was a specialist inspector for girls' gymnastics at secondary schools and, together with Karl Gaulhofer, reformed the Austrian school gymnastics ("natural gymnastics"). While Gaulhofer turned against the strict forms of exercise according to Adolf Spieß , Streicher wanted to free girls' gymnastics from the various gymnastics systems that prescribed graceful movements based on ballet exercises instead of natural movements with climbing, running and swinging: “We try to make the children to practice as freely as possible; we don't show them anything, we set tasks ... ”So the classic gymnastics equipment was not abolished, but alienated as obstacles for running and climbing. Her second focus of work was the physical formation of women and girls. From 1924 to 1938 she was a specialist inspector for girls' gymnastics at the Viennese secondary schools and the training for gymnastics teachers: From 1940 until the end of the war she was a member of the government at the University Institute for Physical Education at the University of Vienna. As a NSDAP member (joined on April 25, 1941, membership number 8,119,327) and beneficiary, she was out of service from 1945 to 1948. She continued her duties under the Amnesty Act from 1948 and was retired as a councilor in 1956.

Based on the natural sciences, she found her pedagogical reference point in reform pedagogy , where she mainly worked with Herman Nohl , Professor of Pedagogy at the Georg-August University in Göttingen . “The expression 'natural gymnastics' basically means the principle of the inseparable unity 'man', in whose education the body can be the point of attack, but never the goal; that always remains the whole person. "What she demands in her theory comes close to variability training:" The physical exercises are development aid, not drill, not imparting skills. The physical and at the same time mental mobility must be ensured and with it the ability to meet the ever new demands of life to manage something."

Honors

  • 1969 Establishment of the Gaulhofer Streicher Foundation at the University of Vienna
  • 1973 Gold Medal for Services to the State of Vienna

literature

  • Stefan Großering (Ed.): Margarete Streicher: a life for physical education; Salzburg symposium on the occasion of the 100th birthday, 8.-10. April 1991. Inst. For sports science. d. Univ., Salzburg 1991.
  • Stefan Großering: Margarete Streicher. A strong woman in a man's world. Hollinek, Purkersdorf 2007, ISBN 978-3-85119-312-1 .
  • Rosa Diketmüller: Streicher, Margarete. In: Brigitta Keintzel, Ilse Korotin (ed.): Scientists in and from Austria. Life - work - work. Böhlau, Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 2002, ISBN 3-205-99467-1 , pp. 714–717.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Margarete Streicher: Physical education and lifestyle. In: Margarete Streicher: Natural gymnastics. 1st chapter. (= Pedagogy of the Present. Volume 107). Vienna / Munich 1971, p. 19.
  2. ^ Arnd Krüger : Sport and Politics, From the gymnastics father Jahn to the state amateur . Torch bearer, Hanover 1975, p. 53.
  3. ↑ The principle of the natural. (July 1950) In: Margarete Streicher: Natural gymnastics. 1st chapter. (= Pedagogy of the Present. Volume 107). Vienna / Munich 1971, p. 96.
  4. ↑ Margarete Streicher: teacher, instructor, trainer. In: Margarete Streicher: Natural gymnastics. 1st chapter. (= Pedagogy of the Present. Volume 107). Vienna / Munich 1971, p. 55.
personal data
SURNAME Strider, Margarete
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian sports educator
DATE OF BIRTH April 9, 1891
PLACE OF BIRTH Graz
DATE OF DEATH February 1, 1985
Place of death Vienna