Maria Trost (Dobrá Voda)
The pilgrimage church Maria Trost (Czech: Poutní kostel P. Marie Těšitelky ) is located in the Dobrá Voda district of the Horní Stropnice municipality in Jihočeský kraj in the Czech Republic . It is located on the slope of the Kuhberg in the Gratzener Bergland and offers a wide view of the Wittingau basin .
history
After healing springs were known in Heilbrunn ( Hojná Voda ) to the south since the middle of the 16th century, another healing spring was discovered between Heilbrunn and Rauhenschlag ( Chlupatá Ves ) on the northern slope of the Kuhberg near Gratzen. After the Thirty Years' War , a Marterl with a cross and an image of the Virgin Mary was erected here in 1648 . Since 1698 the healing spring has been revered as miraculous and called "Brünnl". The veneration went back to an apparition of the brothers Hans and Matthias from Schlagles ( Paseky ), who are said to have seen a crowd of pilgrims on Epiphany 1698 going to the Marterl. After in the night of 4./5. In October 1701 the farmer's son Matthias Egidi from Friedrichschlag ( Bedřichov ) had several apparitions and God showed him a model of a church and asked him to build such a church on the site of Marterl, a chapel was built there. Since the chapel soon couldn't contain the many pilgrims, the landlord of the Gratzen estate , Albert Karl Graf von Buquoy , had today's pilgrimage church "Maria Trost" built between 1708 and 1715 , which was consecrated in 1715. It is not known from which architect or master builder the plans for the church building, which is important in the history of art in Bohemia, come. In the chapel built in 1701, a picture of the Virgin Mary found particular veneration, which was later replaced by a larger representation of Mary (mother of Jesus) . In 1872, 62,000 Catholics received in the pilgrimage church St. Communion . In 1888 a thorough renovation took place with an interior gilding of the church interior. Two clergymen of the Cistercian order from Hohenfurt Abbey looked after the church and pilgrimage service .
Church building
The entrance to the church consists of a two-flight flight of stairs . As it divides again halfway up, two steps lead to the main portal, and two more to the cloister, which surrounds the church on three sides.
A three-part chapel is built into the middle part of the outside staircase, which is closed off by an iron grating adorned with oak leaves. In the middle part of the chapel there is a Pieta, in the side parts there are statues of Saints John the Baptist, Jerome, Maria Magdalena and Rosalia. The healing spring water was channeled into two marble basins next to the entrance to the chapel.
Above the main portal, above the oval window, there is a double coat of arms of the founder Albert Karl von Buquoy and his wife Antonia Renata Czernin von und zu Chudenitz . Two more church entrances are to the west and south of the church building.
Interior
The interior of the church is 23 meters long and 16 meters wide. The church walls with eight windows and Corinthian pilasters contain niches in which there are larger-than-life statues of the church fathers Hieronymus, Augustine, Gregory and Ambrosius. The ceiling painting from 1729 was renovated in 1888 and shows characters from the Old and New Testament.
- The main altar from 1718 consists of a frame reaching to the vault, in which golden ribbons, clouds and angelic figures are put together. After the original altarpiece was damaged by lightning in 1841, today's image was created in 1842 in Krumau . On both sides of the image of Mary there are large angel figures with the inscription "O comforter of the afflicted, show yourself as a mother". The altar is crowned with God the Father and a dove of the Holy Spirit in a halo. The altar bears the coat of arms of Count Karl Kajetan Buquoy and his wife Philipine von Pálffy . At the side of the altar are the statues of Saints Leonhard and Antonius in niches.
- The left side altar shows St. Francis of Assisi with the wounds and the saints Adalbert and Norbert. In an oval, the co-founder of the Cistercian order Bernhard von Clairvaux with St. Mary depicted.
- The right side altar is dedicated to St. Consecrated to John of Nepomuk and contains the statues of Saints Sigismund and Wenceslaus as well as the Archangel Michael.
- The gilded wooden pulpit is decorated with many putti and surrounded by statues of saints. On the sounding board is a statue of St. Paul holding a book and a sword.
- The organ in the west of the nave was installed in 1727. The organ case is decorated with carvings and ornaments. A life-size figure of King David with the harp forms the upper end.
- The confessionals under the organ gallery contain images of St. Peter and St. Maria.
- The empire-style baptismal font was built in the early 19th century.
Pastoral care
As early as 1708 Heilbrunn and Brünnl were raised to an independent parish. After the consecration in 1715, the church was under the church patronage of Count Buquoy , with the pastors being provided by the Hohenfurt Monastery . The first pastor was Father Philipp Ringler, who from 1719 lived in the newly built rectory. When the pilgrimage church was to be closed during the Josephine reforms , Brünnl was raised to its own parish in 1787, which also included Rauhenschlag ( Chlupatá Ves ) and Schlagles ( Paseky ). In 1888, the church was renovated at the instigation of Countess Philippine Buquoy and rededicated by Budweiser Bishop Martin Josef Říha . The subsequent pontifical office was celebrated by the Hohenfurt abbot Leopold Wackarž .
After the Germans were expelled from Czechoslovakia at the end of World War II in May 1945 - Brünnl had around 300 German-speaking residents - and the communists took over power in Czechoslovakia in 1948, the pilgrimage came to a standstill. Although Hohenfurth Abbey had already been liquidated in April 1950 - it was in the area of the border fortifications of Czechoslovakia during the Cold War - the Cistercians were able to hold out in Dobrá Voda until 1952. Due to the effects of this iron curtain , the place was largely evacuated. The church was saved from the planned destruction, but the healing spring was filled in. During the time of the Prague Spring 1968 the pilgrimage was revived for a short time. After the Velvet Revolution of 1989, Austrian monks took over the pastoral care of the pilgrimage church Dobrá Voda (Brünnl) in the Czech Republic .
literature
- P. Raab SOC: Anniversary booklet Maria Trost. Self-published Gratzen, 1901
- Rudolf Sitka: The places of grace of the Sudetenland. Dedicated in pious reverence to the Most Blessed Virgin Mary in the Marian Year 1954. Kempten im Allgäu, 1954, pp. 75 to 77 Maria-Trost in Brünnl near Gratzen.
- Karl M. Swoboda: Baroque in Bohemia. Prestel-Verlag Munich, 1964, p. 43, text passage in the section: The Baroque Gothic Santin-Aichels, the Bohemian-Moravian pilgrimage churches and chapels of grace.
- Zdeněk Štrejn, Vladimír Hyhlík: Brno - pilgrimage church of Maria Trost . Historická společnost Starý Velehrad 1995, ISBN 80-901836-5-4 .
- Maria Trost in Brno - Parish Church of the Assumption of Mary (notice and text in the church of Dobrá Voda; May 2009).
Web links
Coordinates: 48 ° 44 ′ 27.3 " N , 14 ° 43 ′ 24.2" E