Maria van Oosterwijk

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Maria van Oosterwijk painted in 1671 by colleague Wallerant Vaillant (1623–1677)
Maria van Oosterwijk - Flowers and Fruits, 1670s

Maria van Oosterwijk , also Oosterwyck and Oosterwijck (born August 27, 1630 in Nootdorp , † November 12, 1693 in Uitdam ) was a Dutch baroque painter .

Life

She was born in 1630 as the daughter of the Protestant pastor Jacobus van Oosterwjik (1597–1674) and Adriana Lambrechts van Linschoten (1600–1636), who had been active since 1623, in Nootdorp near Delft. Her parents were both from Delft. She was the third of four children, one of whom died early. So she grew up only with her sister Geertruyt and her brother Lambert. When her mother died, the family moved to Voorburg, where her father became a local pastor. Her father recognized his daughter's special talent when she was a child and sent her to the still life painter Jan Davidsz. de Heem (1606–1684) began teaching, whose art had an extraordinary influence on her. The talented student quickly emulated him and finally devoted herself to still life, especially to pieces of flowers. When her brother Lambert moved to Leiden in 1658 to study theology, she accompanied him - most likely because most of her family lived there. Maria van Oosterwijk's sister was married there to the widower Johan van Assendelft and the city historian of Leiden, Jan Janszoon Orlers, was her uncle. This resulted in good contacts with other painters. From May 1660 she stayed in Utrecht for about three years .

She moved to Amsterdam in mid-1666. There she learned from the still life painter Willem van Aelst . It was through him that she first gained international fame. On December 28, 1667, the Grand Duke of Tuscany mentioned Cosimo III. that their still lifes are at least as good as van Aelst's . At this time, the painter Geertje Pieters (1665–1735) also came to the studio for further training. She became friends with her. From then on, Van Oosterwijk concentrated entirely on painting flowers and fruits and sold the pictures at good prices.

In 1689 she finally retired from the painting trade. Around this time Michiel van Musscher painted a portrait of the artist portrait allegory of the painter Maria van Oosterwijk , which testifies to her outstanding position in the genre of flower painting. A genius floating down from above crowns the elegantly dressed painter with a laurel wreath. A portrait medal of a client hangs on a satin sash. The painting hangs in the North Carolina Museum of Art in Raleigh , USA.

After selling most of her works of art, Maria van Oosterwijck moved into the house of her nephew, Jacobus van Assendelft, the son of her sister Geertruyt and pastor in Uitdam since 1688. She died there in 1693. Maria van Oosterwijk was buried in the Uitdam cemetery.

Popularity and works

Vanitas still life

According to a biography published in 1720, she painted very slowly and produced little, which suggests that only two dozen of her works of art have survived. With over a hundred guilders per picture, she was one of the best-paid Dutch painters of her time. Above all, it achieved great recognition among the European princes. She painted for Emperor Leopold I, King Louis XIV, King Jan Sobieski of Poland and for the governor of the Netherlands, among others . Like many of her contemporaries, she was not accepted into the Guild of Luke . Her pictures can be found in the great museums of the world, in Dresden, Vienna, Prague, Florence, Leningrad, USA and in the collection of the Queen of England.

A vanitas still life by Maria van Oosterwijk fetched 262,000 euros at an auction in spring 2005.

literature

  • Joachim Oudaan: Joachim Oudaan's Poezy 2 . Amsterdam 1712, p. 392.
  • Gerard de Lairesse: Groot schilderboek, waar in de schilderkonst in al hair deelen grondig become onderweezen, ook door redeneeringen en printverbeeldingen Verklaard: met voorbeelden uyt the best const-stukken of the oude en nieuwe puyk-Schilderen, bevestigd: en mis derstandzelver aangeweezen . Amsterdam 1714; Reprint of the 1740 edition: Doornspijk 1969, 'twaalfde boek', p. 360.
  • ALG Bosboom-Toussaint: De bloemschilderes Maria van Oosterwijk . Leiden 1862 (novel).
  • JA Worp (Ed.): De Gedichten van Constantijn Huygens naar zijn handschrift uitgegeven . Volume 8, Groningen 1898.
  • GJ Hoogewerf: De twee reizen van Cosimo de'Medici, prins van Toscane, door de Nederlanden (1667–1669) journalen en documenten . Amsterdam 1919, p. 69.
  • A. Bredius: Archiefsprokkelingen. One and another about Maria van Oosterwijck, “vermaert Konstschilderesse” . In: Oud Holland . Volume 52, 1935, pp. 180-182.
  • Casper Spoor: Kroniek van Nootdorp . Nootdorp 1966, reprinted 1990, pp. 94-104.
  • Sam Segal: Jan Davidsz de Heem en zijn kring . The Hague 1991, pp. 220-221.
  • Paul Taylor: Bloemstillevens in de Gouden Eeuw . Zwolle 1995, p. 166 and 171, (English as: Dutch Flower Painting 1600-1720 . New Haven 1995).
  • Alan Chong and Wouter Kloek: Het Nederlandse stilleven 1550–1720. Tentoonstellingscatalogus Rijksmuseum Amsterdam . Zwolle 1999, pp. 94-95, 253-255 and 296.
  • Adriaan van der Willegen and Fred G. Meijer: A dictionary of Dutch and Flemish still-life painters working in oils, 1525-1725 . Leiden 2003, p. 154.
  • Claudia Lanfranconi: Maria van Oosterwijk , in: diess./Sabine Frank: The ladies with the green thumb. Famous gardeners , pp. 93–95, Munich 2009. ISBN 978-3-938045-18-3

Web links

Commons : Maria van Oosterwijck  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Highlights at the Lempertz auction house.
personal data
SURNAME Oosterwijk, Maria van
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Oosterwijck, Maria von; Oosterwyck, Maria von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch baroque painter
DATE OF BIRTH August 27, 1630
PLACE OF BIRTH Nootdorp
DATE OF DEATH November 12, 1693
Place of death Uitdam