Marie-Madeleine Jodin

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Marie-Madeleine Jodin (born June 27, 1741 in Paris , † 1790 there ) was a French actress , philosopher and feminist .

Live and act

Her father was the Huguenot watchmaker Jean Jodin , who was born in Geneva as the son of a watchmaker, maître-horloger . In 1732 her father left Geneva for Paris, where he finished his watchmaking training. In 1734 he started his own business, but later he was dependent on other master watchmakers and manufacturers. However, he was initially denied the title of master watchmaker in Paris. His financial situation remained difficult and changeable in the long run.

On August 23, 1734 he married Madeleine Dumas Lafauzes (* 1705) from Lunel . The daughter Marie-Madeleine Jodin emerged from this marriage. In 1750, at the age of nine, the daughter was urged to convert to Catholicism in order not to belong to the Calvinist outsiders in France. She was also under the care of her aunt Marie Jodin, who sent her to six different convent schools, all of which she had to leave.

Denis Diderot asked the famous watchmaker Jean Jodin to contribute to the Encyclopédie . After his early death, Diderot took over the spiritual guardianship of Marie Madeleine. De jure, however, the paternal brother Pierre Jodin received the guardianship of Marie-Madeleine.

Both corresponded intensively between 1765 and 1769. Denis Diderot gave her advice and moral instructions on a regular basis, but these did not find the desired response from the pubescent young woman.

For various reasons she came into conflict with the police des mœurs , a moral police of the Ancien Régime . Among other things, because she and her mother were involved in prostitution for a while because of the death of Jean Jodin and the resulting poverty. In the middle of the 18th century, prostitution wages in the area around the Palais Royals ranged between 7 and 20 livres . The prostitutes were required to wear a gold-plated emblem on their belts .

The police des mœurs was launched in 1747 by Nicolas René Berryer and organized within the "Bureau de la discipline des mœurs". In November 1761, when she was twenty, she was interned with her mother in the women's prison at the Hôpital de la Salpêtrière . Her experiences from this time led her to make various demands about the future rights of women. She advocated the abolition of public prostitution and that prostitutes , filles de joie no longer have to justify their actions to the police des mœurs . She was responsible for setting up a separate women's jurisdiction to deal with family conflicts. She also campaigned for the establishment of homes for women in need and a right to divorce .

Her turbulent career as an actress took her from Paris to Warsaw , Dresden , Bordeaux (1768–1769), London , Angers and back to Paris. In Dresden, a liaison with the Danish ambassador at the Saxon court Werner von der Schulenburg (1736-1810) led to difficulties with the authorities there.

Works

  • Vues legislatives pour les femmes. (1790)
  • Correspondence between Marie-Madeleine Jodin and Denis Diderot, Lettres à Mademoiselle Jodin

literature

  • Felicia Gordon, Philip Nicholas Furbank, Marie-Madeleine Jodin: Marie Madeleine Jodin, 1741–1790: actress, philosopher, and feminist. Ashgate Publishing Limited (2002)
  • Felicia Gordon: Filles publiques or Public Women: the Actress as Citizen Marie Madeleine Jodin (1741–90) and Mary Darby Robinson (1758–1800). Pp. 610-630. In: Sarah Knott, Barbara Taylor (Edit.): Women, Gender and Enlightenment. Palgrave Macmillan (2005) ISBN 1-4039-0493-6
  • Deborah Simonton: The Routledge History of Women in Europe since 1700 to the Present. Routledge Chapman & Hall (1998) ISBN 0-415-05531-8
  • Elisabeth Zawisza: Une Lecture littéraire des lettres de Diderot à Marie-Madeleine Jodin. Diderot Studies 29: 161-197 (2003)
  • Melançon, Benoît: État présent des études sur la correspondance de Diderot Recherches sur Diderot et sur l'Encyclopédie Année (1989) Volume 6 Numéro 6 pp. 131-146 online
  • H-France Review Vol. 1 (July 2001), No. 18 Maire F. Cross and David Williams, Eds., The French Experience from Republic to Monarchy, 1792-1824: New Dawns in Politics, Knowledge and Culture. Basingstoke, United Kingdom: Palgrave, 2000. xii + 232 pp. Index. ISBN 0-333-77265-2 . Review by Jeff Horn (PDF; 85 kB), Manhattan College.
  • Elisabeth Zawisza: Apprentissage de la rhetorique et de la citoyenneté: Les écrits de Marie-Madeleine Jodin. Queen's University, Journal of the Canadian Society for the Study of Rhetoric 2 (2007), pp. 1–28 ( PDF ; 169 kB)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ biography of the father. Watch Wiki. The great watch lexicon
  2. ↑ This fact explains the sometimes incorrect presentation of the paternity of Marie-Madeleine Jodin in the various sources, in which Pierre Jodin is incorrectly named as the father.
  3. ↑ Pierre Lepape: Denis Diderot. A biography. Campus-Verlag, Frankfurt a / M 1994, ISBN 3-593-35150-1 , p. 338
  4. ↑ Wages for prostitutes
  5. ^ Gordon, Felicia: This accursed child: the early years of Marie Madeleine Jodin (1741-90) actress, philosopher and feminist. Women's History Review 10: 2, 229-248 doi: 10.1080 / 09612020100200283
  6. ^ Felicia Gordon: Performing Citizenship: Marie-Madeleine Jodin Enacting Diderot's and Rousseau's Dramatic and Ethical Theories. In: Karen Green; Lisa Curtis-Wendlandt; Paul Gibbard (Ed.): Political Ideas of Enlightenment Women: Virtue and Citizenship. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2014, ISBN 1-4724-0955-8 , p. 13 f.


personal data
SURNAME Jodin, Marie-Madeleine
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French actress, author
DATE OF BIRTH June 27, 1741
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH 1790
Place of death Paris