Market fortification Pleinfeld

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The city wall on Stirner Strasse with a gate opening
The Spalter Tor is the only preserved city gate in Pleinfeld

The market fortification of the market town of Pleinfeld in the central Franconian district of Weißenburg-Gunzenhausen consists of the early modern city ​​wall with gate structures . The fortification is registered with the monument number D-5-77-161-1 as an architectural monument and as a ground monument (number: D-5-6831-0164) in the Bavarian monument list.

history

Pleinfeld - first mentioned in 770/780 - developed east of the Swabian Rezat . In the course of the Middle Ages and the early modern period, the settlement core shifted to the area west of the Rezat. In 1483 Pleinfeld was granted market rights and the market square was built in the new settlement core . To protect the place and its market, Pleinfeld received the right to build a fortification three years later in 1486. The objections of the Margraves of Brandenburg-Ansbach , the Nuremberg Burgraves and the Free Imperial City of Weißenburg caused a considerable delay in the walling, which probably did not begin until around 1540. The Bavarian list of monuments states that it was built between 1548 and 1568.

description

Gravestones set into the wall at the old cemetery
City wall section along the Höbachweg

The ashlar masonry was laid between 1548 and 1568, consists partly of quarry stone and had neither battlements nor watchtowers. The current state of preservation extends from Kellerweg 9 southwest to Spalter Tor 1 and Zug along the street An der Mauer to shortly before the valley basin. Most of the wall is no longer preserved, especially on the north side.

Three gates were built as gate structures: the Spalter Tor in the northwest, the Nürnberger Tor (demolished in the 19th century) in the northeast on Mühlstrasse and the Veiter Tor (demolished in 1972) in the south on Obere Torstrasse. The walling surrounds the town center only on the north, west and south sides; the east side was protected by the Swabian Rezat as a natural border. The actually much older settlement core east of the river was not walled. More recently, a passage was created through the wall behind the church square and above the town hall . Behind the Nikolauskirche was the old cemetery along the wall; Gravestones embedded in the wall testify to this.

The walling was used as the outer wall of some buildings that were built later: the fire station in Seilergasse, the Kolpingheim on Kirchenplatz and several residential buildings on Kellerweg and Höbachweg.

literature

  • Gotthard Kießling: Weissenburg-Gunzenhausen district (= Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation [Hrsg.]: Monuments in Bavaria . Volume V.70 / 1 ). Karl M. Lipp Verlag, Munich 2000, ISBN 3-87490-581-0 .
  • Gottfried Mertens: Markt Pleinfeld, A look into the past . Sales-Druck, Eichstätt 1984.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Market fortification in the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation . Retrieved October 5, 2019.
  2. ↑ Pleinfeld's story . In: pleinfeld.de. Retrieved October 5, 2019.
  3. ^ Georg Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments. Bavaria I: Franconia. The administrative districts of Upper Franconia, Middle Franconia and Lower Franconia . 2nd revised and supplemented edition, Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich / Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-422-03051-4 , p. 677.

Coordinates: 49 ° 6 ′ 21.7 ″  N , 10 ° 59 ′ 3.9 ″  E