Martin Gruber (politician)
Martin Gruber (born May 28, 1866 in Harthausen , † October 18, 1936 in Munich ) was a German politician (SPD).
Live and act
After attending primary school in Aibling, Latin school in Rosenheim and grammar school in Burghausen, Gruber studied natural sciences at the Technical University in Munich and at the University of Gießen . He then belonged to the 2nd Bavarian Infantry Regiment for a year before starting to work as a journalist in 1890. From 1890 to 1900 he worked as a freelance editor for the social democratic daily newspaper Münchener Post . In 1900 he became an official member of the newspaper's editorial team, for which he would remain active until 1931.
During the German Empire , Gruber, as the responsible editor (publisher) of the Post, was repeatedly involved in sensational press trials (Peters trial). From 1911 to 1919 he took over a public office for the first time as a member of the community college of Munich.
After the collapse of the German Empire, Gruber was a member of the Weimar National Assembly from January 1919 to June 1920 . He then sat from June 1920 to May 1924 as a member of the first Reichstag of the Weimar Republic , in which he represented constituency 27 (Upper Bavaria-Swabia).
The Munich stab in the back trial of October / November 1925, at the center of which he stood as a defendant, elevated Gruber to the rank of central figure of public interest for a few months: In the run-up to the Reichstag election of May 1924 , Gruber had an issue in an article published in the Munich Post the conservative magazine Süddeutsche Monatshefte , in which the stab- in-the-back legend was presented as a historical fact, called a falsification of history. The publisher of the monthly magazine, Paul Nikolaus Cossmann , took this as an opportunity to bring a lawsuit against Gruber for insult. The trial in which Gruber was represented by the prominent lawyer Max Hirschberg was strong due to the appearances of numerous prominent figures from the revolutionary period in 1918/1919 who were invited as witnesses, including the former Reich Chancellors Philipp Scheidemann and Hermann Müller and Reich Defense Minister Gustav Noske public attention and ensured that the debate over who was to blame for the collapse of the German Reich in autumn 1918 broke out again. A side effect that further destabilized Weimar democracy in the long term was that the assertion of defeat in the war through treason was further consolidated in the consciousness of large sections of the German public, especially since the judges now seem to have declared it to be correct. The trial ended in December 1925 with Gruber found guilty of the insult and sentenced to a fine of 3,000 Reichsmarks .
Fonts
- The stab trial in Munich, October-November, 1925. A salvation of honor for the German people. Eye and expert statements. A collection of documents , 1925.
literature
- Martin Schumacher (Hrsg.): MdR The Reichstag members of the Weimar Republic in the time of National Socialism. Political persecution, emigration and expatriation, 1933–1945. A biographical documentation . 3rd, considerably expanded and revised edition. Droste, Düsseldorf 1994, ISBN 3-7700-5183-1 .
Web links
- Martin Gruber in the database of members of the Reichstag
- Martin Gruber in the online version of the Reich Chancellery Edition Files. Weimar Republic
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hermann Molkenbuhr / Bernd Braun: Arbeiterführer, MP, Party Veteran , 2000, p. 385.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Gruber, Martin |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German politician (SPD), MdR |
| DATE OF BIRTH | May 28, 1866 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Harthausen |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 18, 1936 |
| Place of death | Munich |