Martin Waßmund

Martin Waßmund or Martin Wassmund (born September 7, 1892 in Witzmitz , Regenwalde district ; † April 4, 1956 in Berlin ) was a German surgeon , dentist , university professor and specialist in dentistry, oral medicine and maxillofacial medicine .

Life

Martin Waßmund was the son of pastor Johann Waßmund. After graduating from the Luisengymnasium in Berlin in 1911, he studied classical philosophy in Berlin and Freiburg i. Breisgau. As a student he joined the Berlin and Freiburg Wingolf , but left again in 1916. From 1914 to 1918 he took part in the First World War as a war volunteer . From 1919 to 1921 he graduated in dentistry and in 1921 with the theme of the mouth and throat sepsis to Dr. med. dent. PhD. From 1921 to 1925 he was in the dental clinic as an assistant of Rudolf Virchow hospital inErnst Köppel worked. With increasing insight, however, Waßmund recognized the inadequacy of a purely dental training. In parallel to his clinical work, he studied medicine in Berlin from 1923 to 1927 and graduated in 1927 with a doctorate. med. on the subject of radiographic contrast imaging with iodophin and the treatment of large maxillary cysts . From 1925 to 1928 he continued to work as an assistant dentist in the jaw clinic of the Rudolf Virchow Hospital. On January 1, 1928, he was recognized as a specialist in dental, oral and jaw diseases. In 1929 he became acting head there. He then ran the clinic from 1931 with interruptions during the Second World War and in the post-war period until his death in 1956. In 1936 he was able to complete his habilitation under Georg Axhausen at the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität and in 1941 he became an associate professor. In 1936, Lem'i Belger, the assistant to the dentist who had emigrated to Turkey, and Alfred Kantorowicz, who also performed oral atrial operations and / or cleft lip operations according to the Waßmund method and later Istanbul professor for prosthetics, was guest assistant at the jaw clinic in Waßmund before he completed his habilitation in 1938. During the Second World War, Waßmund was the head of war and reserve hospital departments for maxillofacial surgery in Berlin, Bad Ems, Würzburg and Bayreuth. He had been a member of the Corps Franconia Berlin since 1925 and of the Corps Normannia Hanover since 1952 .

Martin Waßmund uncompromisingly represented the racial hygiene goal of "extermination" during the time of National Socialism . He was in contrast to other well-known experts of the time, such as Axhausen , Rosenthal , Ernst, Uebermuth, who had an empathic understanding of their cleft patients and who rejected the Nazi race laws at that time.

Services

Waßmund is considered a pioneer of German maxillofacial surgery. The jaw clinic of the Rudolf Virchow Hospital in Berlin, which he co-founded in 1925, was the first jaw clinic in this city. As the secret of his success in the field of maxillofacial surgery, Waßmund described the union of dentist and doctor in one person who was fundamentally superior to a mere cooperation between surgeon and dentist. Under the direction of Martin Waßmund, a school was set up at the Kieferklinik of the Rudolf Virchow Hospital that set standards for German specialist training. In addition to Karl Schuchardt (1901–1985) a. a. also Alfred Rehrmann (1910-1979), Eugen Fröhlich (1910-1971) and Eduard Schmid (1912-1992) completed a part of their training as a specialist in dental, oral and maxillofacial diseases. All four later became heads of major oral and maxillofacial surgery clinics . The German Society for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (DGMKG) was founded in 1951 by Martin Waßmund. He was the founding president and headed this society until 1953. To document the scientific activities of the society, he edited, together with Karl Schuchardt, Volumes I and II of the Advances in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery . This series, published by Thieme Verlag in Stuttgart , was continued after the death of Martin Waßmund in 1956 by Karl Schuchardt and later by Norbert Schwenzer (1929–2018) and documented the scientific life of the German Society for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in 44 volumes until 1999 .

Martin Waßmund Prize

The German Society for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery annually awarded the Martin Waßmund Prize, endowed with prize money, for “significant work in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery”. The prize was renamed the DGMKG Science Prize in 2011 because Waßmund's attitude towards the treatment of patients with cleft lip and palate in the Third Reich became known.

Fonts

1927

• Fractures and dislocations of the facial skull. Taking into account the complications of the brain skull. Your clinic and therapy. Practical textbook . H. Meusser, Berlin 1927.
• Treatment of defect fractures, especially bullet fractures of the lower jaw . Johann Ambrosius Barth Verlag (H. Meusser), Leipzig 1939.
• Textbook of Practical Surgery of the Mouth and the Jaw , Vol. 1–2. JA Barth, Leipzig 1935, 1939.

literature

• Silke Katharine Riemer: Karl Schuchardt - life and work . Med. Dissertation, Hamburg 2001.
• Hans-Georg Hilgenberg: The importance of Martin Waßmund for dentistry, oral medicine and maxillofacial medicine, especially for the development of maxillofacial surgery . Med. Diss. Berlin 1970.
• Wolfgang Zeiher: On the development of scientific dentistry with a view to oral surgery in German-speaking countries . Med. Dent. Dissertation Heidelberg 1969.
• N. Schwenzer: History of the German Society for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery . In: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery . 2000, 4, S011-S25. doi : 10.1007 / PL00022957
• Martin Wassmund on his 60th birthday . In: Osterr Z Stomatol. 1952 Sep, 49 (9), pp. 529-530, PMID 13013691
• E. Langer, M. Wassmund: Tooth changes in congenital syphilis . In: Klinische Wochenschrift , 1925, 4: pp. 110–113. doi : 10.1007 / BF01750588

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Ali Vicdani Doyum: Alfred Kantorowicz with special reference to his work in İstanbul (A contribution to the history of modern dentistry). Medical dissertation, Würzburg 1985, pp. 227-229, 238 and 240.
2. ↑ Martin Gottfr. Me. Wassmund , in: History of the Corps Normannia Hannover 1859–15. March 1959 , p. 222, Lippstadt 1959
3. ↑ ^{a b} V. Thieme: Humiliated, degraded, mutilated - the “racial hygienic eliminations” of the cleft lip and palate in the Third Reich. Study on the situation of those affected and the position of doctors in the Third Reich. In: The maxillofacial surgeon. 5, 2012, p. 62, doi: 10.1007 / s12285-011-0271-x .
4. ^ Karl Schuchardt - Life and Work, Silke Katharine Riemer, Med. Dissertation, Hamburg 2001
5. ↑ On the development of scientific dentistry with regard to oral surgery in German-speaking countries. Zeiher, Wolfgang: Med. Dent. Dissertation Heidelberg 1969
6. ^ Alfred Rehrmann: Prof. Dr. Dr. Martin Wassmund - Berlin . In: Zahnärztl Mitt , 44, 1956, pp. 246–247
7. ↑ K Schuchardt, M Wassmund (Ed.): Advances in jaw and face surgery , Vol. I: Cleft lip and palate - Surgical correction of gross jaw deformities. Thieme, Stuttgart 1955
8. ↑ K Schuchardt, M Wassmund (Ed.): Advances in jaw and face surgery, Vol II: Fractures of the facial skull - The facial paralysis - correction, plastic restoration and total replacement of the auricle . Thieme, Stuttgart 1956
9. ↑ N. Schwenzer: History of the German Society for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery . In: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery . 2000, 4, S011-S25. doi : 10.1007 / PL00022957