Martin Weise (pedagogue)

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Martin Weise (born February 20, 1891 in Eibau , † June 23, 1952 in Greifswald ) was a German educator and as such worked in both school and university service. His lecture “The Primary School”, which he gave at the international congress of the Central Institute for Education and Teaching held in Berlin in 1928, is best known to this day . In 1933, the year the National Socialists came to power, Weise was dismissed from university service at the Technical University of Dresden and only started teaching at the University of Greifswald after the end of the National Socialist regime in 1945.

Professional background

After his training as a primary school teacher , Martin Weise initially worked as such in Saxony and then from 1923 as a lecturer at the Pedagogical Institute of the Technical University of Dresden. In 1928 he gave a lecture entitled “The Elementary School” at the conference “The Modern German Elementary School” of the Central Institute for Education and Teaching in Berlin. In it, Weise explained the basic principles of overall teaching, the claim of the elementary school to be a "common elementary school for all" as well as other working methods oriented towards reform pedagogy (e.g. the working school principle). Even decades later, this found / finds attention in German primary school education. In 1933 , Weise, who was a member of the Saxon Teachers' Association, the SPD and the Association of Decided School Reformers , was dismissed from his position in the university service . His political stance up to this point can be guessed at from the statement that "one should at least get to know and understand those who think differently, those with less talent, and their comrades from a different environment" (Weise 1928).

Little is known about his professional activity during the National Socialist era . What is certain is that Weise worked as a teacher at a private secondary school from 1940 to 1945. His membership in the SA during this time led to the rejection of his re-employment in teacher training in Saxony after the end of the National Socialist regime . With regard to the assessment of his membership in the SA, however, there was some controversy, as former companions, among other things, spoke out in favor of Weise's integrity and saw his entry into the SA as a purely nominal act. In the end, Weise was awarded a doctorate by Heinrich Deiters (University of Berlin). paed. PhD and, following the intercession of Paul Oestreich, was appointed professor of education at the University of Greifswald in 1949 , where he died three years later.

Works

  • The uniform structure of the entire educational system. Lecture given at the 49th regular meeting of representatives of the Saxon Teachers' Association in Bautzen, April 1924. Dürr, Leipzig 1924.
  • Paul Oestreich and the Decided School Reform. Dürr, Leipzig 1928.
  • Educational exercise - concept, forms, limits. Huhle, Dresden 1932.
  • Dresden - a walk through Dresden and the surrounding area. ([Text:] Martin Weise). Simon, Berlin [approx. 1938]

literature

  • Wolfgang Einsiedler : History of primary school education. Developments in West Germany and the GDR. Julius Klinkhardt, Bad Heilbrunn 2015, ISBN 978-3-7815-2017-2 .
  • A. Wenzel (Ed.): Elementary school pedagogy. Julius Klinkhardt, Bad Heilbrunn 1970.
  • S. Mebus: Martin Weise - a teacher trainer oriented towards reform pedagogy between recognition and ostracism. In A. Pehnke, G. Förster & W. Schneider (eds.), Suggestions of internationally realized reform pedagogy; Traditions, balance sheets, visions (pp. 611–626). Peter Lang, Frankfurt a. M 1999.
  • Congress management (ed.): The modern German elementary school; Report on the Berlin Congress 1928. Comenius-Verlag, Berlin 1928.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Congress management (ed.): The modern German elementary school; Report on the Berlin Congress 1928. Comenius-Verlag, Berlin 1928.
  2. ^ S. Mebus: Martin Weise - a teacher trainer oriented towards reform pedagogy between recognition and ostracism. In A. Pehnke, G. Förster & W. Schneider (eds.), Suggestions of internationally realized reform pedagogy; Traditions, balance sheets, visions (pp. 611–626). Peter Lang, Frankfurt a. M 1999.
  3. ^ A b c Klaus-Peter Horn : Educational Science in Germany in the 20th Century. To develop the social and professional structure of the discipline from initial institutionalization to expansion. Julius Klinkhardt, Bad Heilbrunn 2003, ISBN 3-7815-1271-1 , p. 99.
  4. ^ Weise, M. (1928). Primary school. In congress leadership (ed.), The modern German elementary school; Report on the Berlin Congress 1928 (pp. 381–403). Comenius publishing house, Berlin.
  5. ↑ A. Wenzel (Ed.): Elementary school pedagogy. Julius Klinkhardt, Bad Heilbrunn 1970.
  6. ↑ Wolfgang Einsiedler : History of primary school education. Developments in West Germany and the GDR. Julius Klinkhardt, Bad Heilbrunn 2015, ISBN 978-3-7815-2017-2 .
  7. ↑ A. Wenzel (Ed.): Elementary school pedagogy. Julius Klinkhardt, Bad Heilbrunn 1970, p. 70.
  8. ^ A b S. Mebus: Martin Weise - a teacher trainer oriented towards reform pedagogy between recognition and ostracism. In: A. Pehnke, G. Förster & W. Schneider (Eds.): Suggestions for internationally realized reform pedagogy; Traditions, balance sheets, visions. Peter Lang, Frankfurt a. M. 1999, pp. 611-626 (therein pp. 619ff).
personal data
SURNAME Way, Martin
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German educator and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH February 20, 1891
PLACE OF BIRTH Eibau
DATE OF DEATH June 23, 1952
Place of death Greifswald