Math game
Mathematical games , in short: math games , are games that are abstract, abstract in the sense that they are not about anything . Players don't have to be mathematicians to play math games. Their rules are related to some area of math , logic, or a particular math problem . The rules are usually simple and not infrequently count only a few, otherwise the game is usually not counted as a math game. Board games like chess , go or mancala are therefore usually not considered math games. A math game usually does not contain random moments . Some puzzles are also counted among the math games. Math puzzles require the involvement of math to come up with a solution. Examples of math games are the nim game , cheese box , pentomino , towers of Hanoi , solitaire and pentago .
The subject of game math is more serious than it suggests. The game theory , for example, has applications in social and military areas of studying tactics and strategies .
Mathematical Games (“Mathematical Games”) was the title of a column by Martin Gardner (1914-2010) in Scientific American magazine that wasreadby generations of mathematicians and scientists . Douglas Hofstadter and Ian Stewart took over the columns Metamagical Topics and Mathematical Recreations one after the other.
The Rostock mathematician Wilhelm Ahrens (1872–1927) has compiled a large collection of well-known mathematical games in German-speaking countries . The Göttingen mathematician and natural scientist Georg Christoph Lichtenberg (1742–1799) had already published an essay in 1770 on considerations about some methods to raise a certain difficulty in the probability of playing .
In France there is a Comité international des jeux mathématiques (CIJM) based in Paris . In the early 17th century, the mathematician Claude Gaspard Bachet de Méziriac (1581–1638) brought together the collection Problèmes plaisans et délectables, qui se font par les nombres (see also Bachet's game ). The mathematician Édouard Lucas (1842–1891) made many games with a mathematical basis known in the 19th century.
literature
- Wilhelm Ahrens: Mathematical Games. Published by Heinrich Hemme . The original edition of this book was published by Teubner in Leipzig in 1907. "The present volume follows the fifth, unchanged edition, Leipzig and Berlin 1927". Anaconda Verlag, Cologne 2018 ( foreword )
- Wilhelm Ahrens: Mathematical conversations and games. Teubner, Leipzig 1901 ( digitized ), 2nd edition 1910–1918 in 2 volumes (digitized: I (3rd A., 1921) II (2nd A., 1918) )
- Gerhard Kowalewski : Old and New Mathematical Games. An introduction to entertainment math. With 104 illustrations and instructions for manufacturing the play equipment. Teubner, 1930
- Bruno Kerst: Mathematical Games. Grote'sche Verlagbuchhandlung, 1933
- Martin Gardner: Mathematical magic: 115 card, dice and coin tricks; math games and magic tricks . With a preface by Alexander Adrion . From the American. by Matthias Schramm. DuMont-Literatur-und-Kunst-Verl., Cologne, 2004
- Claude Gaspard Bachet de Méziriac: Problèmes plaisans et delectables, qui se font par les nombres: Partie recueillis de diuers autheurs, & inuentez de nouueau auec leur demonstration. Tres-vtiles pour toutes sortes de personnes curieuses, qui se seruent d'Arithmetique. Lyon: Pierre Rigaud, 1612 . 2 1624 .
- Georg Christoph Lichtenberg: Considerations about some methods to raise a certain difficulty in calculating the probability of a game. Göttingen 1770 ( digitized version )
- Édouard Lucas: Récréations mathématiques (4 volumes), Gauthier-Villars, Paris 1882–1894 (French; Volume 1, among other things, about labyrinths ; in the Internet archive: Volumes 1 , 1 , 2 , 2 , 3 , 3 , 3 , 3 , 4 , 4 , 4 , 2nd edition volume 1 , 1 , 2 )
- WW Rouse Ball : Mathematical Recreations and Essays , 1st edition 1892 ( digitized, sixth edition )
- Alexander Petrovich Domorjad ( Russian Александр Петрович Доморяд , scientific transliteration Aleksandr Petrovič Domorjad ): Математические игры и развлечения]. Mathematical games and entertainment]. State publishing house for physical-mathematical literature, Moscow 1961 ( partial online view ) (Russian)
- Nikolai Nikandrovich Petrov ( Russian: Николай Никандрович Петров , scientific transliteration Nikolaj Nikandrovič Petrov ): Математические игры [Mathematical Games]. 2011
- Guo Kaisheng 郭 凯 声 : Shuxue youxi 数学 游戏 [math games]. Kexue jishu wenxian chubanshe 科学 技术 文献 出版社 , 1999. ISBN 9787502334277 (2 parts) (chin.)
